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Examining global warming factors using self-organizing map and Granger causality network: a case from South Korea

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Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 142-152页

作者： Thakur Dhakal Tae-Su kim Do-Hun Lee Gab-Sue jang Department of Life Science Yeungnam University National Institute of Ecology

Background Understanding and patterning the possible causal variables of global warming is attributed to the development of effective prevention and mitigation strategies for climate change. Therefore, we aimed to pattern and visualize the possible causal variables of global warming and measure the causality between *** We patterned and visualized the time series（103 years, from 1918 to 2020） of global surface temperature（GTemp） data with the gross domestic product（GDP） per capita, human population（Pop）, and carbon dioxide（CO2）emissions of South Korea using a self-organizing map（SOM） and examined the causable local feature of global warming using the Granger causality（GC） test. The time-series data were trained and mapped in 4 × 4 SOM grids, and causality networks between variables were examined using multivariate Granger test *** SOM patterned 103 years of data, and a dominant cluster contained continuous time-series data from 2007to 2020. Similarly, the CO2emissions of South Korea were obtained as a predictable unidirectional causal variable for GTemp from GC analysis. Based on data from the past 34 years, significant causality（p-value = 0.01） was observed with the integrated effect of Pop, GDP, and CO2on *** This study patterned the time-series data using SOM and examined the causal relationship between variables using the GC test. The study framework could be used as a reference by future scholars, ecologists, and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

关键词： Climate change Ecology Self-organizing map Sustainable development goal Greenhouse gas

Byte Frequency Based Indicators for Crypto-Ransomware Detection from Empirical Analysis

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2022年第2期37卷 423-442页

作者： Geun yong kim Joon-Young Paik Yeongcheol kim Eun-Sun Cho Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134South Korea School of Computer Science and Technology Tiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China

File entropy is one of the major indicators of crypto-ransomware because the encryption by ransomware increases the randomness of file ***,entropy-based ransomware detection has certain limitations;for example,when distinguishing ransomware-encrypted files from normal files with inherently high-level entropy,misclassification is very *** addition,the entropy evaluation cost for an entire file renders entropy-based detection impractical for large *** this paper,we propose two indicators based on byte frequency for use in ransomware detection;these are termed EntropySA and DistSA,and both consider the interesting characteristics of certain file subareas termed“sample areas”(SAs).For an encrypted file,both the sampled area and the whole file exhibit high-level randomness,but for a plain file,the sampled area embeds informative structures such as a file header and thus exhibits relatively low-level randomness even though the entire file exhibits high-level *** and DistSA use“byte frequency”and a variation of byte frequency,respectively,derived from sampled *** indicators cause less overhead than other entropy-based detection methods,as experimentally proven using realistic ransomware *** evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of our indicators,we also employ three expensive but elaborate classification models(neural network,support vector machine and threshold-based approaches).Using these models,our experimental indicators yielded an average Fl-measure of 0.994 and an average detection rate of 99.46%for file encryption attacks by realistic ransomware samples.

关键词： computer security cryptography machine learning ransomware

Aluminum nitride waveguide beam splitters for integrated quantum photonic circuits

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光子学研究:英文版 2023年第7期11卷 1196-1202页

作者： HYEONG-SOON jang DONGHWA LEE HYUNGJUN HEO yong-SU kim HYANG-TAG LIM SEUNG-WOO JEON SUNG MOON SANGIN kim SANG-WOOK HAN HOJOONG JUNG Center for Quantum Information Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul 02792Republic of Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ajou UniversitySuwon 16499Republic of Korea Division of Nano and Information Technology KIST SchoolKorea University of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792Republic of Korea

We demonstrate integrated photonic circuits for quantum devices using sputtered polycrystalline aluminum nitride(Al N)on ***-chip Al N waveguide directional couplers,which are one of the most important components in quantum photonics,are fabricated and show the output power splitting ratios from 50:50 to 99:*** beam splitters with an extinction ratio of more than 10 d B are also realized from the Al N directional *** the fabricated Al N waveguide beam splitters,we observe Hong–Ou–Mandel interference with a visibility of 91.7%±5.66%.

关键词： waveguide quantum beam

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ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in Kawasaki disease:A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第26期10卷 9368-9377页

作者： Joonpyo Lee Jeongduk Seo yong Hoon Shin Albert Youngwoo jang Soon yong Suh Division of Cardiology Department of Internal MedicineGachon UniversityGil Medical CenterIncheon 21565South Korea

BACKGROUND Kawasaki disease(KD)is an acute self-limiting febrile vasculitis that occurs during childhood and can cause coronary artery aneurysm(CAA).CAAs are associated with a high rate of adverse cardiovascular *** SUMMARY A Korean 35-year-old man with a 30-year history of KD presented to the emergency room with chest *** coronary angiography was performed as ST-segment elevation in the inferior leads was observed on the *** aneurysm of the left circumflex(LCX)coronary artery was found with massive thrombi within.A drug-eluting 4.5 mm 23 mm-sized stent was inserted into the occluded area without *** maximal diameter of the LCX was 6.0 mm with a Z score of 4.7,suggestive of a small aneurysm considering his age,sex,and body surface *** further present a case series of 19 patients with KD,including the current patient,presenting with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).Notably,none of the cases showed Z scores;only five patients(26%)had been regularly followed up by a physician,and only one patient(5.3%)was being treated with antithrombotic therapy before ACS *** For KD presenting with ACS,regular follow up and medical therapy may be crucial for improved outcomes.

关键词： Kawasaki disease Acute coronary syndrome ST elevation myocardial infarction Coronary angiography Percutaneous coronary intervention Case report

Gate-versus defect-induced voltage drop and negative differential resistance in vertical graphene heterostructures

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 480-488页

作者： Tae Hyung kim Juho Lee Ryong-Gyu Lee yong-Hoon kim School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)291 Daehak-roYuseong-guDaejeon34141Korea

To enable the computer-aided design of vertically stacked two-dimensional(2D)van der Waals(vdW)heterostructure devices,we here introduce a non-equilibrium first-principles simulation method based on the multi-space constrained-search density functional *** it to graphene/few-layer hBN/graphene field-effect transistors,we show that the negative differential resistance(NDR)characteristics can be produced not only from the gating-induced mismatch between two graphene Dirac cones in energy-momentum space but from the bias-dependent energetic shift of defect ***,for a carbon atom substituted for a nitrogen atom(C_(N))within inner hBN layers,the increase of bias voltage is found to induce a self-consistent electron filling of in-gap C_(N)states,which in turn changes voltage drop profiles and produces symmetric NDR *** the CN placed on outer hBN layers,however,the pinning of C_(N)states to nearby graphene significantly modifies device characteristics,demonstrating the critical impact of atomic details for 2D vdW devices.

关键词： defect resistance details

Single-input single-output multi-touch soft sensor systems using band-pass filters

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npj Flexible Electronics 2022年第1期6卷 681-690页

作者： Junhyung kim Suhan kim yong-Lae Park Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Advanced Machines and DesignInstitute of Engineering ResearchSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Research Laboratory of ElectronicsMassachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AvenueCambridgeMA 02139USA

In many soft sensor systems,external wires for connecting the sensors to control circuits have posed practical problems,in terms of compact form factors and physical *** study proposes a design of soft sensor arrays that can operate with a drastically reduced number of wires without degrading the original *** proposed concept is an array of soft sensing modules,each of which consists of an inductor and a capacitor embedded next to the resistive sensing module,constructing a resistorinductor-capacitor band-pass *** adjusting the values of the capacitance and the inductance,unique frequency band is assigned to each sensing module,enabling the distinctive detection using only two external wires regardless of the number of *** multi-touch sensing functionality of the system is analytically modeled and experimentally *** advantage of the design,a fingertip tactile sensor and an insole foot pressure sensor are demonstrated as practical applications.

关键词： connecting constructing touch

Antimony fluoride(SbF_(3)):A potent hole suppressor for tin(II)-halide perovskite devices

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InfoMat 2023年第1期5卷 106-113页

作者： Ao Liu Huihui Zhu Soonhyo kim Youjin Reo yong-Sung kim Sai Bai yong-Young Noh Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangRepublic of Korea Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science DaejeonRepublic of Korea Department of Nano Science University of Science and TechnologyDaejeonRepublic of Korea Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduPeople's Republic of China

Tin(Sn^(2+))-based halide perovskites have been developed as the most prom-ising alternatives to their toxic Pb-based counterparts in optoelectronic ***,the facile tin vacancy formation and easy oxidization characteristics make Sn^(2+)-based perovskites highly p-doped with excessive hole concentrations,which significantly hinder their ***,we demonstrate a potent hole inhibitor of antimony fluoride(SbF_(3)),which possesses a higher hole-suppression capability than conventional tin fluo-ride(SnF_(2)).A small amount of SbF_(3) allows a wide range of hole-density modulation with no or less SnF_(2) addition,thus mitigating the negative effects of using only SnF_(2).A SnF_(2)/SbF_(3) co-additive approach was further developed to achieve high-performance Sn 2+perovskite thin-film transis-tors operated in the enhancement mode with a five-fold enhancement of the field-effect mobility and improved operational stability compared to using only SnF_(2).We expect that the SbF 3 hole suppressor and co-additive approach can provide opportunities for the development of high-efficiency Sn^(2+)-perovskite optoelectronic devices.

关键词： electrical characterization hole suppressor thin-film transistor tin-based halide perovskite

Snail acetylation by autophagy-derived acetyl-coenzyme A promotes invasion and metastasis of KRAS-LKB1 co-mutated lung cancer cells

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Cancer Communications 2022年第8期42卷 716-749页

作者： jang Hee Han yong Keon kim Hakhyun kim Jooyoung Lee Myung Joon Oh Sang Bum kim Minjee kim Kook Hwan kim Hyun Ju Yoon Myung-Shik Lee John D.Minna Michael A.White Hyun Seok kim Severance Biomedical Science Institute Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 03722Korea Department of Medical Science Yonsei University Graduate SchoolSeoul 03722Korea Department of Urology Seoul National University HospitalSeoul 03722Korea Checkmate Therapeutics Inc. Seoul 07207Korea Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTexas 75390USA Department of Cell Biology University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTexas 75390USA Graduate School of Medical Science Brain Korea 21 ProjectYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 03722Korea

Background: Autophagy is elevated in metastatic tumors and is often associatedwith active epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the extent towhich EMT is dependent on autophagy is largely unknown. This study aimed toidentify the mechanisms by which autophagy facilitates ***: We employed a liquid chromatography-based metabolomic approachwith kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS) and liver kinase B1 (LKB1)gene co-mutated (KL) cells that represent an autophagy/EMT-coactivatedinvasive lung cancer subtype for the identification of metabolites linked to autophagy-driven EMT activation. Molecular mechanisms of autophagy-drivenEMT activation were further investigated by quantitative real-time polymerasechain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blotting analysis, immunoprecipitation,immunofluorescence staining, and metabolite assays. The effects of chemicaland genetic perturbations on autophagic flux were assessed by two orthogonalapproaches: microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3) turnoveranalysis by Western blotting and monomeric red fluorescent protein-greenfluorescent protein (mRFP-GFP)-LC3 tandem fluorescent protein quenchingassay. Transcription factor EB (TFEB) activity was measured by coordinatedlysosomal expression and regulation (CLEAR) motif-driven luciferase reporterassay. Experimental metastasis (tail vein injection) mouse models were used toevaluate the impact of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2(CAMKK2) or ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) inhibitors on lung metastasis using IVISluciferase imaging ***: We found that autophagy in KL cancer cells increased acetyl-coenzymeA (acetyl-CoA), which facilitated the acetylation and stabilization of theEMT-inducing transcription factor Snail. The autophagy/acetyl-CoA/acetylSnail axis was further validated in tumor tissues and in autophagy-activatedpancreatic cancer cells. TFEB acetylation in KL cancer cells sustained prometastatic autophagy in a mammalian target o

关键词： snail autophagy acetyl-coenzyme A epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition non-small-cell lung cancer CAMKK2 acetyl-snail pancreatic cancer KRAS inhibitor metastasis ACLY

Effect of preparation method of noble metal supported catalyts on formaldehyde oxidation at room temperature: Gas or liquid phase reduction

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第12期34卷 201-216页

作者： Younghee jang Ye Hwan Lee Hanki Eom Sang Moon Lee Sung Su kim Department of Environmental Energy Envineering Graduate School of kyonggi UniversityGyeonggi-do 16227Korea Department of Environmental Energy Engineeing Kyonggi UniversityGyonggi-do 16227Korea

Formaldehyde(HCHO) is toxic to the human body and is one of the main threats to the indoor air quality(IAQ). As such, the removal of HCHO is imperative to improving the IAQ,whereby the most useful method to effectively remove HCHO at room temperature is catalytic oxidation. This review discusses catalysts for HCHO room-temperature oxidation,which are categorized according to their preparation methods, i.e., gas-phase reduction and liquid-phase reduction methods. The HCHO oxidation performances, structural features,and reaction mechanisms of the different catalysts are discussed, and directions for future research on catalytic oxidation are reviewed.

关键词： Formaldehyde Indoor air quality Catalyst Prepared method

维普期刊数据库