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Chromatographic fingerprinting and free-radical scavenging activity of ethanol extracts of Muntingia calabura L. leaves and stems

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第2期7卷 139-143页

作者： William Patrick Cruiz Buhian Raquel Orejudos Rubio Juliana janet Martin-Puzon Biological Research and Services Laboratory Natural Sciences Research InstituteUniversity of the PhilippinesDilimanQuezon City 1101Philippines Institute of Biology University of the PhilippinesDilimanQuezon City 1101Philippines

Objective: To determine the thin-layer chromatography(TLC) fingerprint profiles and to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts of Muntingia calabura(M. calabura) leaves and ***: The leaves and stems were extracted using ethanol as solvent. The TLC separation of the phytochemical constituents of the leaf and ethanol extracts was carried out in ethyl acetate: n-hexane and chloroform: ethyl acetate mobile phase *** spots were visualized under visible light, UV 254 nm, UV 366 nm and after spraying with vanillin-sulfuric acid. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free-radical scavenging assay was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the ***: Both the leaf and stem ethanol extracts at 4 mg/mL exhibited 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl inhibition of more than 90%, relative to gallic acid. The results of TLC showed that the degree of resolution between the constituent spots was comparable between the two mobile phase systems using the different visualization wavelengths. Under the 254 nm visualization, few spots were observed in leaf and stem extracts. Visualization at 366 nm yielded the greatest number of observable spots of various colors in both leaf and stem extracts. More spots were visualized upon post-derivatization with vanillinsulfuric acid in the TLC chromatograms using chloroform: ethyl acetate mobile phase,compared to those in ethyl acetate: n-hexane mobile ***: M. calabura exhibited very high antioxidant activity in its leaves and stems ethanol extracts, both of which are used in traditional medicine. The TLC results demonstrated the presence of diverse secondary metabolites in the leaf and stem ethanol extracts, indicating that the antioxidant activity, including other bioactivities may be attributed to these phytochemical constituents. This paper has reported for the first time the TLC fingerprinting of M. calabura using visible light, UV 254 nm, UV 366 and postderivatization with vani

关键词： Muntingia calabura Antioxidant DPPH Thin-layer chromatography Secondary metabolites

Targeting EZH2 for the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2021年第1期7卷 226-241页

作者： Magdalena Karolak Ian Tracy janet Shipley ZoëS Walters Translational Epigenomics Team Cancer SciencesFaculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK Sarcoma Molecular Pathology Team Divisions of Molecular Pathology and Cancer TherapeuticsThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondon SM25NGUK.

Soft tissue sarcomas(STS)are a heterogenous group of rare malignancies of mesenchymal origin,affecting both children and *** majority of STS have a poor prognosis and advanced stage at the time of *** treatments for STS largely constitute tumour resection with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy,and there has been little significant advancement in the application of novel therapies for treatment of these *** current multimodal approach to therapy often leads to long-term side effects,and for some patients,resistance to cytotoxic agents is associated with local recurrence and/or *** is,therefore,a need for novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of *** advances in epigenetics have implicated the histone methyltransferase,EZH2,in the development and progression of diseases such as breast cancer,lymphoma and more recently *** we will review the current literature for EZH2 in STS,including high expression of EZH2 in STS and correlation of this with specific features of malignancy(metastasis,histological grade,and prognosis).The effects of targeting EZH2 using RNA interference and small molecule inhibitors will also be reviewed and the potential for the use of EZH2 inhibition in therapeutic strategies for STS patients will be discussed.

关键词： EZH2 epigenetics therapy

Vascular resections in minimally invasive surgery for pancreatic cancer

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery 2022年第1期5卷 3-9页

作者： janet W.C.Kung Rowan W.Parks Division of HBP Surgery Prince of Wales HospitalShatinHong KongChina Department of Surgery The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina HPB Surgery Royal Infirmary of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom Department of Clinical Surgery University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is characterised by poor oncological outcome and is the seventh cause of cancer-related deaths *** the advances in surgical technology,oncological treatment,and critical care,extended pancreatic resections including vascular resections have become more frequently performed in specialised ***,the boundaries of resectability continue to be pushed in order to achieve a potentially curative approach in selected patients in combination with neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment *** review gives an overview on the current state of venous and arterial resections in PDAC surgery with particular attention given to the minimally invasive approach.

关键词： Pancreatic adenocarcinoma Minimally invasive surgery Extended pancreatic resection Vascular resection Vascular reconstruction Neoadjuvant therapy

Phase equilibria and microstructure investigation of Mg-Gd-Y-Zn alloy system

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第3期10卷 746-755页

作者： janet M.Meier Jiashi Miao Song-Mao Liang Jun Zhu Chuan Zhang Josh Caris Alan A.Luo Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA CompuTherm LLC MiddletonWI 53562 USA Terves LLC EuclidOH 44117USA Department of Integrated Systems Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

In order to develop high strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn alloys,key experiments coupled with CALPHAD(CALculation of PHAse Diagrams)calculations were carried out in the current work to provide critical understanding of this important alloy *** Mg-10 Gd-xY-yZn(x=4 or 5,y=3 or 5,wt.%) were mapped on Mg-Gd-Y-Zn phase diagrams for phase equilibria and microstructure *** microscopy was performed for phase identification and phase fraction determination in as-cast and solution treated *** all three alloys,the major phases were Mg-matrix and long period stacking order(LPSO) 14 H *** ST at 400 and 500℃,the phase fraction of LPSO 14 H increased,particularly the fine lamellar morphology in the Mg *** as-cast and 400℃ Mg10 Gd5 Y3 Zn samples had Mg(Gd,Y) *** 500℃,Mg(Gd,Y) is not stable and transforms into LPSO 14 *** Mg 10 Gd5 Y5 Zn alloy included the WPhase,which showed a reduction in phase fraction with solution *** experimental results were used to validate and improve the thermodynamic database of the Mg-Gd-Y-Zn *** calculations using the improved database can well describe the available experimental results and make accurate predictions to guide the development of promising high-strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn alloys.

关键词： Long period stacking order(LPSO) Microstructure Magnesium alloys CALPHAD Alloy development.

A giant gas-filled abdominal mass in an elderly female:A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第31期17卷 3659-3662页

作者： Hoi Man Deon Chong Fung Yee janet Lee Anthony Lo Chak Man Jimmy Li Department of Surgery Prince of Wales Hospital Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology Prince of Wales Hospital

We report an extremely rare case of gas-filled abdominal mass caused by an ovarian teratoma fistulating to the sigmoid colon The patient was an 85-year-old female,who presented with severe abdominal distension Urgent computed tomography scan showed a huge abdominal mass with air fluid level and fecal matter inside Communication between the mass and the sigmoid colon was suspected She underwent emergency laparotomy The mass was resected with the involved segment of colon Pathology confirmed squamous cell carcinoma arising from mature cystic teratoma of the ovary.

关键词： Mature cystic teratoma Fistula Squamous cell carcinoma

Vitamin D status and its influence on outcomes following major burn injury and critical illness

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Burns & Trauma 2018年第2期6卷 82-92页

作者： Khaled Al-Tarrah Martin Hewison Naiem Moiemen janet M.Lord Institute of Inflammation and Ageing Birmingham University Medical SchoolBirmingham B15 2TTUK Scar Free Foundation Centre for Burns Research University Hospital Birmingham Foundation TrustBirmingham B15 2WBUK Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research and Centre for Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism The University of BirminghamBirmingham B15 2TTUK

Vitamin D deficiency is common among the general population. It is also observed in up to 76% of critically ill *** the high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in critical illness, vitamin D is often overlooked by medical staff as the clinical implications and consequences of vitamin D deficiency in acute contexts remain to be fully *** D has a broad range of pleotropic effects on various processes and systems including the immuneinflammatory response. 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D), has been shown to promote a tolerogenic immune response limiting deleterious inflammatory effects, modulation of the innate immune system, and enhancement of anti-microbial peptides. Vitamin D deficiency is frequently observed in critically ill patients and has been related to extrinsic causes (i.e., limited sunlight exposure), magnitude of injury/illness, or the treatment started by medical doctors including fluid resuscitation. Low levels of vitamin D in critically ill patients have been associated with sepsis, organ failure, and mortality. Despite this, there are subpopulations of critical illness, such as burn patients, where the literature regarding vitamin D status and its influence on outcomes remain insufficient. Thermal injury results in damage to both burned and non-burned tissues, as well as induces an exaggerated and persistent immune-inflammatory and hypermetabolic response. In this review, we propose potential mechanisms in which burn injury affects the vitamin D status and summarizes current literature investigating the influence of vitamin D status on outcomes. In addition, wereviewed the literature and trials investigating vitamin D supplementation in critically ill patients and discuss the therapeutic potential of vitamin D supplementation in burn and critically ill patients. We also highlight current limitations of studies that have investigated vitamin D status and supplementation in critical illness. Thermal injury influences vitamin

关键词： Vitamin D Critical care Burns Trauma Thermal injury Critically ill

Development and evaluation of a safe and effective sugar-free herbal lollipop that kills cavity-causing bacteria

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International Journal of Oral Science 2011年第1期3卷 13-20页

作者： Chu-hong Hu Jian He Randal Eckert Xiao-yang Wu Li-na Li Yan Tian Renate Lux Justin A. Shuffer Faina Gelman janet Mentes Sue Spackman janet Bauer Maxwell H. Anderson Wen-yuan Shi School of Dentistry University of California Los Angeles USA C3 Jian Inc Inglewood USA UCLA School of Nursing University of California Los Angeles USA

Dental caries （tooth decay） is caused by a specific group of cariogenic bacteria, like Streptococcus mutans, which convert dietary sugars into acids that dissolve the mineraI in tooth structure. Killing cariogenic bacteria is an effective way to control or prevent tooth decay. In a previous study, we discovered a novel compound （Glycyrrhizol A）, from the extraction of licorice roots, with strong antimicrobial activity against cariogenic bacteria. In the current study, we developed a method to produce these specific herbal extracts in large quantities, and then used these extracts to develop a sugar-free lollipop that effectively kills cariogenic bacteria like Streptococcus mutans. Further studies showed that these sugar-free lollipops are safe and their antimicrobial activity is stable. Two pilot human studies indicate that a brief application of these lollipops （twice a day for ten days） led to a marked reduction of cariogenic bacteria in oral cavity among most human subjects tested. This herbal lollipop could be a novel tool to promote oral health through functional foods.

关键词： antimicrobial therapy licorice Streptococcus mutans

Understanding Lithium-ion Transport in Sulfolane- and Tetraglyme-Based Electrolytes Using Very Low-Frequency Impedance Spectroscopy

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第1期6卷 368-376页

作者： janet SHo Oleg A.Borodin Michael SDing Lin Ma Marshall A.Schroeder Glenn R.Pastel Kang Xu Energy Sciences Division Sensors and Electron Devices DirectorateUS Army Research LaboratoryAdelphi MD 20783USA

With the increasing interest in highly concentrated electrolyte systems,correct determination of the cation transference number is ***-field gradient NMR technique,which measures self-diffusion coefficients,is often applied on liquid electrolytes because of the wide accessibility and simple sample ***,since the assumptions of this technique,that is,complete salt dissociation,all ions participating in motion,and all of them moving independently,no longer hold true in concentrated solutions,the transference numbers,thus obtained are often *** the present work,impedance spectroscopy at a frequency range of 1 MHz to 0.1 mHz was used to examine the concentration effect on lithium-ion transference number under anion-blocking conditions T abc Liþfor two electrolytes:lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide(LiFSI)in sulfolane(SL)and lithium bis(trifluorosulfonyl)imide(LiTFSI)in tetraglyme(G4).The T abc Liþof the former was almost an order of magnitude higher than that of the *** also appeared to increase with increasing concentration while the latter followed an opposite *** faster Li^(+)transport in the SL system is attributed to the formation of a liquid structure consisting of extended chains/bridges of SL molecules and the anions,which facilitate a cation-hopping/ligand-exchanged-typed diffusion mechanism by partially decoupling the cations from the anions and solvent *** G4 system,in contrast,is dominated by the formation of long-lived,stable[Li(G4)]+solvation cages that results in a sluggish Li+*** difference between the two transport mechanisms is discussed via comparison of the bulk ionic conductivity,viscosity,ion self-diffusion coefficients,and the Onsager transport coefficients.

关键词： anion-blocking conditions ion correlations low-frequency impedance spectroscopy transference number

Intraseasonal oscillation of the rainfall variability over Rwanda and evaluation of its subseasonal forecasting skill

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2021年第6期14卷 60-65页

作者： Xuan Zhou Lin Chen janet Umuhoza Yifeng Cheng Lu Wang Ran Wang Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education(KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Change(ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjingChina College of Atmospheric ScienceNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjingChina Rwanda Meteorology AgencyKigaliRwanda

Rwanda is a landlocked country in central-eastern *** a country highly dependent on rain-fed agriculture,Rwanda is vulnerable to rainfall *** data show that there are two rainy seasons in Rwanda,i.e.,the long rainy season and the short rainy *** study mainly focuses on the dominant intraseasonal rainfall mode during the long rainy season(February-May),and evaluates the forecast skill for the intraseasonal variability(ISV)over Rwanda and its surrounding regions in a state-of-the-art dynamic *** the long rainy season,observational results reveal that the dominant intraseasonal rainfall mode in Rwanda exhibits a significant variability on the 10-25-day time ***-point-correlation analysis further unveils that the 10-25-day intraseasonal rainfall variability in Rwanda co-varies with that in its adjacent areas,indicating that the overall 10-25-day rainfall variability in Rwanda and its adjacent regions(8°S-3°N,29°-37°E)should be considered collectively when studying the dominant intraseasonal rainfall variability in *** results show that the development of the 10-25-day rainfall variability is associated with the anomalous westerly wind in Rwanda and its surrounding regions,which may trace back to a pair of westward-propagating equatorial Rossby *** on the observational findings,an ISO_rainfall_index and an ISO_wind_index are proposed for quantitatively evaluating the forecast *** ECMWF model has a comparable skill in predicting the wind index and the rainfall index,with both indices showing a skill of 18 days.

关键词： Intraseasonal oscillation Rwanda Intraseasonal rainfall variability Subseasonal forecast