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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2016年第3期6卷 207-216页

作者： John d. Scott janet E. Foley Research division Lyme Ontario Fergus Canada department of Medicine and Epidemiology School of Veterinary Medicine University of California Davis CA USA

We document the first record of Borrelia americana in Canada. This Borrelia was detected in an avian coast tick, Ixodes auritulus (Acari: Ixodidae), collected from a Varied Thrush, Ixoreus naevius, along coastal British Columbia. Using real-time PCR and dNA sequencing of the flagellin gene, we determined that the borrelial amplicon from the I. auritulus nymph was 99% homologous with B. americana type strain SCW-41. Because patients infected with B. americana can be seronegative for Lyme disease, medical professionals should be willing to pursue molecular analyses and consider treatment for patients with Lyme disease-like symptoms.

关键词： Borrelia americana Lyme disease Avian Coastal Tick Ixodes auritulus Varied Thrush Songbird Bird Parasitism Canada

Outcomes of Medicare beneficiaries hospitalised with transient ischaemic attack and stratification using the ABCd^(2) score

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第2期6卷 314-318页

作者： Shreyansh Shah Li Liang durgesh Bhandary Saga Johansson Eric E Smith deepak L Bhatt Gregg C Fonarow Naeem d Khan Eric Peterson janet Prvu Bettger department of Neurology Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA duke Clinical Research Institute DurhamNorth CarolinaUSA AstraZeneca UK Ltd CambridgeUK Hotchkiss Brain Institute and department of Clinical Neurosciences University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada division of Cardiology Brigham and Women's HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA division of Cardiology Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA

Background Long-term outcomes for Medicare beneficiaries hospitalised with transient ischaemic attack(TIA)and role of ABCd^(2) score in identifying high-risk individuals are not *** We identified 40825 Medicare beneficiaries hospitalised from 2011 to 2014 for a TIA to a Get With The Guidelines(GWTG)-Stroke hospital and classified them using ABCd^(2)s of mortality and rehospitalisation(all-cause,ischaemic stroke,haemorrhagic stroke,myocardial infarction,and gastrointestinal and intracranial haemorrhage)for high-risk versus low-risk groups adjusted for patient and hospital *** Of the 40825 patients,35118(86%)were high risk(ABCd^(2)≥4)and 5707(14%)were low risk(ABCd^(2)=0-3).Overall rate of mortality during 1-year follow-up after hospital discharge for the index TIA was 11.7%,44.3% were rehospitalised for any reason and 3.6%were readmitted due to *** with ABCd^(2) score≥4 had higher mortality at 1 year than not(adjusted HR 1.18,95%CI 1.07 to 1.30).Adjusted risks for ischaemic stroke,all-cause readmission and mortality/all-cause readmission at 1 year were also significantly higher for patients with ABCd^(2) score≥4 vs *** contrast,haemorrhagic stroke,myocardial infarction,gastrointestinal bleeding and intracranial haemorrhage risk were not significantly different by ABCd^(2) *** This study validates the use of ABCd^(2) score for long-term risk assessment after TIA in patients aged 65 years and *** efforts for community-based follow-up care after TIA are needed for ongoing prevention in Medicare beneficiaries who were hospitalised for TIA.

关键词： admitted score prevention

The effects of dietary supplementation with mushroom or selenium enriched mushroom powders on the growth performance and intestinal health of post-weaned pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第3期14卷 1167-1181页

作者： Alison dowley Torres Sweeney Eadaoin conway Stafford Vigors Marion T.Ryan Supriya Yadav Jude Wilson John V.O’doherty School of Agriculture and Food Science University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland School of Veterinary Medicine University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland Mbio Monaghan Mushroom GroupTyhollandCo.MonaghanIreland

Background There is an urgent need to identify natural bioactive compounds that can enhance gastrointestinal health and promote pig growth performance in the absence of pharmacological levels of zinc oxide(ZnO).The objectives of this study were to:1)compare the effects of mushroom powder supplemented with inorganic selenium(inSeMP)to mushroom powder enriched with organic selenium(orgSeMP)to pharmacological levels of ZnO on growth performance and faecal scores(FS)for the first 21 d post-weaning(Period 1);and 2)compare the molecular and microbial effects of inSeMP and orgSeMP in these pigs on d 39 post-weaning(Period 2).Methods In Period 1,pigs(3 pigs/pen;8 pens/treatment)were assigned to:(1)basal diet(control);(2)basal diet+zinc oxide(ZnO)(3100 mg/kg d 1–14,1550 mg/kg d 15–21);(3)basal diet+mushroom powder supplemented with inorganic selenium(inSeMP)containing selenium(selenite)content of 0.3 mg/kg feed;(4)basal diet+mushroom powder enriched with organic selenium(orgSeMP)containing selenium(selenocysteine)content of 0.3 mg/kg *** powders were included at 6.5 g/kg of *** In Period 1,there was no effect of diets on average daily gain(AdG)and gain:feed(G:F)ratio(P>0.05).The orgSeMP supplemented pigs had a lower average daily feed intake(AdFI)compared to all other groups(Pd pigs had reduced FS compared to the basal and mushroom group,while the orgSeMP supplemented pigs had lower FS compared to the basal group during the 21 d experimental period(Pd 2,there was no effect of diets on AdFI,AdG and G:F ratio(P>0.05).The orgSeMP supplementation increased the caecal abundance of bacterial members of the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phylum,including Lactobacillus,Agathobacter,Roseburia,and Prevotella and decreased the abundance of Sporobacter compared to the basal group,while inSeMP increased the caecal abundance of Prevotella and decreased the caecal abundance of Sporobacter compared to the basal group(Pdietary

关键词： Agaricus bisporus Gastrointestinal microbiota Mushroom powder Organic selenium Pig Zinc oxide

Urban Vulnerabilities in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal: Visualizations of Human/Hazard Interactions

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2010年第2期2卷 63-84页

作者： Keshav Bhattarai dennis conway department of Geography University of Central Missouri department of Geography Indiana University

Excessive unplanned urban growth leads to many vulnerabilities and impacts on urban environments to varying degrees. However, the majority of the extant literature focuses on the problems related to location and socioeconomic conditions, rather than vulnerability processes and related environmental degradation. This paper analyzes the scope of urban vulnerabilities for five rapidly urbanizing and highly-congested cities in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. First, the historic context of the Valley’s uncontrolled urbanization sets the scene. Second, the optic is narrowed to focus upon the geographical features of the resultant urbanized Valley landscape that includes spatial arrangements and of houses, population densities, road networks, vehicular densities, garbage problems, and available open spaces. Additionally, seismic vulnerabilities in the urban areas are also considering in this examination. Third, three-dimensional visualizations of selected urban locations are presented to differentiate between vulnerable and relatively safe locations. The intent of this research is to contribute to the methodological understanding of human/hazards interactions in rapidly urbanizing cities of the Third World, which share similar socioeconomic conditions and environmental con-texts.

关键词： Urban Vulnerability Planning Kathmandu Valley Two dimensional (2d) Maps Three dimensional (3d) Visualization

Vitamin d status and its influence on outcomes following major burn injury and critical illness

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Burns & Trauma 2018年第2期6卷 82-92页

作者： Khaled Al-Tarrah Martin Hewison Naiem Moiemen janet M.Lord Institute of Inflammation and Ageing Birmingham University Medical SchoolBirmingham B15 2TTUK Scar Free Foundation Centre for Burns Research University Hospital Birmingham Foundation TrustBirmingham B15 2WBUK Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research and Centre for Endocrinology diabetes and Metabolism The University of BirminghamBirmingham B15 2TTUK

Vitamin d deficiency is common among the general population. It is also observed in up to 76% of critically ill *** the high prevalence of hypovitaminosis d in critical illness, vitamin d is often overlooked by medical staff as the clinical implications and consequences of vitamin d deficiency in acute contexts remain to be fully *** d has a broad range of pleotropic effects on various processes and systems including the immuneinflammatory response. 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin d (1,25(OH)2d), has been shown to promote a tolerogenic immune response limiting deleterious inflammatory effects, modulation of the innate immune system, and enhancement of anti-microbial peptides. Vitamin d deficiency is frequently observed in critically ill patients and has been related to extrinsic causes (i.e., limited sunlight exposure), magnitude of injury/illness, or the treatment started by medical doctors including fluid resuscitation. Low levels of vitamin d in critically ill patients have been associated with sepsis, organ failure, and mortality. despite this, there are subpopulations of critical illness, such as burn patients, where the literature regarding vitamin d status and its influence on outcomes remain insufficient. Thermal injury results in damage to both burned and non-burned tissues, as well as induces an exaggerated and persistent immune-inflammatory and hypermetabolic response. In this review, we propose potential mechanisms in which burn injury affects the vitamin d status and summarizes current literature investigating the influence of vitamin d status on outcomes. In addition, wereviewed the literature and trials investigating vitamin d supplementation in critically ill patients and discuss the therapeutic potential of vitamin d supplementation in burn and critically ill patients. We also highlight current limitations of studies that have investigated vitamin d status and supplementation in critical illness. Thermal injury influences vitamin

关键词： Vitamin d Critical care Burns Trauma Thermal injury Critically ill

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谁谋杀了上帝?

世界哲学 2019年第4期 66-81,F0003页

作者： d·康威[美] 王齐(译) 德克萨斯农工大学(Texas A & M University)哲学与人文学中国社会科学院哲学研究所

尼采通常被视为是无神论事业的哲学捍卫者,但是通过对尼采《快乐的科学》中“疯子”及其在市场中的表现的分析可以揭示出,“疯子”并不是尼采的代言人,而是对尼采学说的极具诱惑力的歪曲。“疯子”没有把“上帝死了”作为探索自我肯定... 详细信息

尼采通常被视为是无神论事业的哲学捍卫者,但是通过对尼采《快乐的科学》中“疯子”及其在市场中的表现的分析可以揭示出,“疯子”并不是尼采的代言人,而是对尼采学说的极具诱惑力的歪曲。“疯子”没有把“上帝死了”作为探索自我肯定的非关系性基础的机会,他宁愿背负杀死上帝的终极之罪,也不愿思索与上帝无关且不受罪玷污的生存可能性。因此“疯子”所宣称的“我们已经杀死上帝”的信念伪造了一种后有神论生存,但实际上,晚期现代西方人并没有做好接受彻底无神论的准备。对于尼采来说,“上帝死了”则标志着人类历史上一个黄昏时期的开端,人们对上帝的信仰变得越来越非理性和不可思议,但又不可动摇,不是因为人的选择或过失,而是因为一个濒临衰竭的文化融合的传统。

关键词：尼采无神论后有神论启蒙方案晚期现代

Meeting report:a hard look at the state of enamel research

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International Journal of Oral Science 2017年第4期9卷 193-199页

作者： ophir d klein olivier duverger wendy shaw rodrigo s lacruz derk joester janet moradian-oldak megan k pugach j timothy wright sarah e millar ashok b kulkarni john d bartlett thomas gh diekwisch pamela den besten james p simmer program in craniofacial biology and department of orofacial sciences university of californiasan franciscoSan FranciscoUSA department of pediatrics and institute for human genetics university of californiasan franciscoSan FranciscoUSA laboratory of skin biology national institute of arthritis and muscular and skin diseasesnational institutes of healthBethesdaUSA physical science division pacific northwest national laboratoriesRichlandUSA department of basic science and craniofacial biology new york university college of dentistryNewYorkUSA department of materials science and engineering northwestern universityevanstonusaEvanstonUSA center for craniofacial molecular biology herman ostrow school of dentistryuniversity of southern californiaLos AngelesUSA the forsyth institute CambridgeUSA department of developmental biology harvard school of dental medicineBostonUSA department of pediatric dentistry university of north caroline school of dentistryChapel HillUSA departments of dermatology and cel&developmental biology perelman school of medicineand department of anatomy&cell biologyschool of dental medicineuniversity of pennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA functional genomics section national institute of dental and craniofacial researchBethesdaUSA division of biosciences ohio state universitycollege of dentistryColumbusUSA department of periodontics and center for craniofacial research and diagnosis texas a&m university college of dentistryDallasUSA center for children’s oral health research and department of orofacial sciences university of californiasan franciscoSan FranciscoUSA biologic and materials sciences and division of prosthodontics university of michiganAnn ArborUSA

The Encouraging Novel Amelogenesis Models and Ex vivo cell Lines （ENAMEL） development workshop was held on 23 June 2017 at the Bethesda headquarters of the National institute of dental and Craniofacial Research （NIdCR）. discussion topics included model organisms, stem cells/cell lines, and tissues/3d cell culture/organoids. Scientists from a number of disciplines, representing institutions from across the United States, gathered to discuss advances in our understanding of enamel, as well as future directions for the field.

关键词： enamel mineralized tissue mineralization ameloblast stem cell

Mechanosignaling activation of TGFβmaintains intervertebral disc homeostasis

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Bone Research 2017年第1期5卷 27-40页

作者： Qin Bian Lei Ma Amit Jain janet L Crane Khaled Kebaish Mei Wan Zhengdong Zhang X Edward Guo Paul d Sponseller Cheryle A Seguin Lee H Riley Yongjun Wang Xu Cao department of Orthopaedic Surgery Institute for Cell EngineeringJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA Institute of Spine Longhua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiPR China department of Pediatrics Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA department of Biomedical Engineering Columbia UniversityNYUSA departments of Physiology and Pharmacology University of Western OntarioLondonCanada

Intervertebral disc （IVd） degeneration is the leading cause of disability with no disease-modifying treatment. IVd degeneration is associated with instable mechanical loading in the spine, but little is known about how mechanical stress regulates nucleus notochordal （NC） cells to maintain IVd homeostasis. Here we report that mechanical stress can result in excessive integrin αvβ6-mediated activation of transforming growth factor beta （TGFβ）, decreased NC cell vacuoles, and increased matrix proteoglycan production, and results in degenerative disc disease （ddd）. Knockout of TGFβ type II receptor （TβRII） or integrin αv in the NC cells inhibited functional activity of postnatal NC cells and also resulted in ddd under mechanical loading. Administration of RGd peptide, TGFβ, and αvβ6-neutralizing antibodies attenuated IVd degeneration. Thus, integrin-mediated activation of TGFβ plays a critical role in mechanical signaling transduction to regulate IVd cell function and homeostasis. Manipulation of this signaling pathway may be a potential therapeutic target to modify ddd.

关键词： Mechanosignaling activation of TGF maintains intervertebral disc homeostasis IVd

FORFEIT THE FAT ,LEAVE THE LEAN :OPTIMIZING WEIGHT LOSS FOR ATHLETES

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中国运动医学杂志 2000年第3期19卷 332-335页

作者： janet Walberg-Rankin,Ph.d department of Human Nutrition Foods and Exercise Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg Virginia

New Hypoxylon species from Martinique and new evidence on the molecular phylogeny of Hypoxylon based on ITS rdNA and β-tubulin data

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Fungal diversity 2014年第1期64卷 181-203页

作者： Eric Kuhnert Jacques Fournier derek Peršoh janet Jennifer divinagracia Luangsa-ard Marc Stadler department of Microbial drugs Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbHInhoffenstrasse 738124 BraunschweigGermany Las Muros 09420 RimontFrance department of Mycology University of BayreuthUniversitätsstraße 3095540 BayreuthGermany National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology(BIOTEC) 113 Thailand Science ParkPhaholyothin RoadKlong LuangPathumthani 12120Thailand

Three new species of Hypoxylon(Xylariaceae)collected from Martinique in the French Caribbean are recognised by new combinations of morphological *** status as undescribed taxa was supported by secondary metabolite profiling based on High performance liquid chromatography with diode array and mass spectrometric detection(HPLC/dAd-MS)as well as by comparison of ITS and partialß-tubulin dNA sequences with related *** the course of this study,the teleomorph of Nodulisporium griseobrunneum was found,and this species could be transferred to ***,several names in Hypoxylon are epitypified by selecting recently collected specimens from the same geographic areas as the holotypes came *** the fact that our study used the hitherto most extensive taxon sampling,the phylogenetic analyses inferred from ITS andß-tubulin sequences remain contradictory to each other,and neither genealogy was found fully in agreement with phenotype-derived *** conclude that the right gene(or multi-gene genealogies)to reflect the phylogeny and evolution of Hypoxylon still remains to be *** the time being,we recommend that the application of polyphasic taxonomic concepts should be continued in taxonomic studies of Hypoxylon.

关键词： Biodiversity Chemotaxonomy Epitypification Phylogeny Systematics Xylariaceae