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Estimation of Annual Effective Dose Due to Ingestion of Natural Radionuclides in Cattle in Tin Mining Area of Jos Plateau, Nigeria

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Natural Science 2014年第5期6卷 255-261页

作者： janet Ayobami Ademola Department of Physics University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

Contamination of land could occur during the extraction and handling of materials containing high levels of naturally occurring radionuclide materials. These radionuclides find their ways into the food chain. The activity concentrations of natural radionuclides 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th in heart, liver, kidney, lungs, spleen and beef of cattle slaughtered and consumed in a tin mining area of Jos Plateau, Nigeria were determined by gamma ray spectroscopy method. The activity concentration of 40K is the highest in all the samples. The annual effective dose to man through the ingestion of the radionuclides in the organs was estimated. The mean annual effective doses calculated are 35.35 ± 13.84, 57.89 ± 38.27 and 46.93 ± 10.28 μSv?y?1 for heart, liver and kidney, respectively. Those of lungs, spleen and meat are 28.44 ± 15.70, 48.34 ± 28.85 and 41.24 ± 3.56 μSv?y?1, respectively. These are of the order of two magnitudes higher than those obtained for food in Abeokuta, Nigeria.

关键词： Natural Radionuclides Tin Mining Contamination Cattle Ingestion Effective Dose

Research highlights from the Status report for step it up! The surgeon general's call to action to promote walking and walkable communities

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第1期7卷 5-6页

作者： David R.Brown Susan A.Carlson Gayathri S.Kumar janet E.Fulton National Center for chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of NutritionPhysical Activity and Obesity Physical Activity and Health Branch

In September 2015,the Office of the Surgeon General,*** of Health and Human Services,released Step it up!The surgeon general’s call to action to promote walking and walkable communities(Call to Action)to increase walking among people across the USA.1The Call to Action also recognized that walkable communities can accommodate wheelchair rolling and are inclusive of persons with *** Status Report for the Call to Action was released in 2017。

关键词：电话医生外科社区办公室

Continuing Professional Development: Perspectives of Kenyan Nurses and Midwives

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Open Journal of Nursing 2021年第3期11卷 121-131页

作者： janet Kemei Josephine Etowa School of Nursing Faculty of Health Sciences University of Ottawa Ottawa Canada

Background: The purpose of this paper is to report the perceptions of continuous professional development by the nurses and midwives in a low resource country. These findings are part of a larger study on the experiences of nurses and midwives providing postpartum care in rural areas of Kenya. Besides being the main healthcare providers in rural areas, nurses in low resource countries have limited access to continuous professional development. Research design: This is a qualitative research guided by critical theory and Foucault’s concepts of power and knowledge. Focused ethnography provided the framework of data collection and analysis. 23 in-depth interviews were contacted, and thematic analysis was used for data analysis. Reflexive memos kept throughout the research process helped to ensure the trustworthiness of data. Findings: This paper will focus on the theme of continuing professional development (CPD) as a resource for a healthy work environment. While the knowledge of the nurses and midwives allowed them to provide care to the mothers and their infants adequately, personal and structural barriers prevented them from participating in continuing professional development. Discussion and Conclusion: A well-prepared nursing and midwifery workforce could have the capacity to transform the health outcomes of their clients through the application of evidence-based practices. Therefore, courses that are context-appropriate and meet the needs of different learners should be available to support the nurses’ and midwives’ professional growth. There is a need for more research on the nurses’ and midwives’ participation in CPD in Kenya, and the effect of CPD on specific health outcomes.

关键词： Nursing Midwifery Continuing Professional Development Low-Middle Income Countries

Bioactive metabolite profiles and antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts from Muntingia calabura L. leaves and stems

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第8期6卷 682-685页

作者： William Patrick Cruiz Buhian Raquel Orejudos Rubio Demetrio Lim Valle Jr. Juliana janet Martin-Puzon Natural Sciences Research Institute University of the Philippines Institute of Biology University of the Philippines Department of Pathology and Laboratories Makati Medical Center

Objective: To determine the bioactive phytochemicals and antimicrobial activity of leaf and stem ethanolic extracts from Muntingia calabura L.(M. calabura).Methods: Dried leaves and stems of M. calabura were extracted with 95% ethanol. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the extracts were examined using the disc diffusion assay. The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) of each extract showing antimicrobial activity was determined. The dried extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening to determine the presence of bioactive components. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were also determined by the Folin–Ciocalteu method and the aluminum chloride method, ***: Varying degrees of antimicrobial activity were exhibited by the leaf and stem extracts against Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P. aeruginosa), Salmonella typhimurium,Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus), Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans(C. albicans),with minimal activity against Escherichia coli. Based on the MIC, the extracts showed the highest activity against C. albicans, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of sterols, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, glycosides and tannins in the leaf extract; however, no triterpenes were detected. In the stem extract,triterpenes were detected along with relative amounts of flavonoids, saponins, glycosides and tannins. Alkaloids and sterols were absent in the stem ***: M. calabura leaf and stem ethanol extracts are potential sources of antibacterial agents against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. This study reports for the first time the high degree of antifungal activity of M. calabura ethanolic extract, especially against C. albicans.

关键词： Antibacterial Antifungal Bioactive metabolites Disc diffusion Minimum inhibitory concentration Muntingia calabura

Ectodermal progenitors derived from epiblast stem cells by inhibition of Nodal signaling

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分子细胞生物学报:英文版 2015年第5期7卷 455-465页

作者： Lingyu Li Lu Song chang Liu Jun chen Guangdun Peng Ran Wang Pingyu Liu Ke Tang janet Rossant Naihe Jing State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China Institute of Life Science Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330031JiangxiChina Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Hospital for Sick Children Research InstituteTorontoON M5G 1X8Canada Department of Developmental Biology Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA 94305USA

The ectoderm has the capability to generate epidermis and neuroectoderm and plays imperative roles during the early embryonic *** recent study uncovered a region with ectodermal progenitor potential in mouse embryo at embryonic day 7.0 and revealed that Nodal inhibition is essential for its ***,we demonstrate that through brief inhibition of Nodal signaling in vitro,mouse embryonic stem cell(ESC)-derived epiblast stem cells(ESD-EpiSCs)could be committed to transient ectodermal progenitor populations,which possess the ability to give rise to neural or epidermal ectoderm in the absence or presence of BMP4,*** studies reveal that BMP4 recruits distinct transcriptional targets in ESD-EpiSCs and ectoderm-like ***,FGF–Erk signaling may also be alleviated during the generation of ectoderm-like ***,our data suggest that instructive interactions among several extracellular signals participate in the commitment of ectoderm from ESD-EpiSCs,which shed new light on the understanding of the formation of ectoderm during the gastrulation in early mouse embryo development.

关键词： EpiSCs ectoderm BMP4 Nodal FGF

Portal venous gas and thrombosis in a chinese patient with fulminant Crohn’s colitis: A case report with literature review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第34期12卷 5582-5586页

作者： Simon Siu-Man Ng Raymond Ying-chang Yiu janet Fung-Yee Lee Jimmy chak-Man Li Ka-Lau Leung Department of Surgery The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin Hong Kong SAR China

Ever since its earliest reports, portal venous gas (PVG) has been associated with numerous intraabdominal catastrophes and has served as an indication for urgent surgical exploration. It is traditionally regarded to be an ominous finding of impending death, with highest mortality reported in patients with underlying bowel ischemia. Today, computed tomography has demonstrated a wider range of clinical conditions associated with PVG, some of which are ‘benign’ and do not necessarily require surgery, unless when there are signs of intraabdominal catastrophe or systemic toxicity. One of these ‘benign’ conditions is Crohn’s disease. The present report describes a 19-year-old chinese boy with Crohn’s pancolitis who presented with septic shock associated with PVG and portal vein thrombosis, and was successfully managed surgically. To our knowledge, this is the fi rst report of PVG and portal vein thrombosis associated with Crohn’s disease in a chinese patient. In addition, we have also reviewed the reports of another 18 Crohn’s patients with PVG previously described in the English literature. Specifi c predisposing factors for PVG were identified in 8 patients, including barium enema, colonoscopy, blunt abdominal trauma, and enterovenous f istula. The patients who developed PVG following barium enema and blunt trauma were all asymptomatic and no specifi c treatment was necessary. Eleven patients (58%) who presented with signs of intraabdominal catastrophe or systemic toxicity required either immediate or eventual surgery. The overall mortality rate among the 19 patients was only 11%. The present literature review has shown that the f inding of PVG associated with Crohn’ s disease does not always mandate surgical intervention. It is the clinical features and the related complications that ultimately determine the treatment approaches. The overall outcome of PVG associated with Crohn’s disease has been favourable.

关键词： Portal venous gas Portal vein thrombosis Pylephlebitis Crohn's disease chinese

Hepatic venous outflow obstruction after piggyback liver transplantation by an unusual mechanism:Report of a case

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第33期12卷 5416-5418页

作者： Simon Siu-Man Ng Simon chun-Ho Yu janet Fung-Yee Lee Paul Bo-San Lai Wan-Yee Lau Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Radiology & Organ Imaging Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin Hong Kong China

Hepatic venous outflow obstruction after piggyback liver transplantation is a very rare complication. An unusual mechanism aggravating it is reported. A 33-year-old man with end-stage hepatitis B liver cirrhosis underwent a piggyback orthotopic liver transplantation using a full-size cadaveric graft. Two months after transplantation, he developed gross ascites refractory to maximal diuretic therapy. Doppler ultrasound showed patent portal and hepatic veins. Serial computed tomography scans revealed a hypoperfused right posterior segment of the liver which subsequently underwent atrophy. Hepatic venography demonstrated a high-grade stenosis with an element of torsion of venous drainage at the anastomosis. The stenosis was successfully treated with repeated percutaneous balloon angioplasty. The patient remained asymptomatic six months afterwards with complete resolution of ascites and peripheral edema. We postulate that liver allograft segmental hypoperfusion and atrophy may aggravate or result in a hepatic venous outflow problem by the mechanism of torsion effect. Percutaneous balloon angioplasty is a safe and effective treatment modality for anastomotic stenosis.

关键词： Hepatic venous outflow obstruction Piggyback Liver transplantation Percutaneous balloon angioplasty

Unmet Needs in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2013年第2期3卷 65-78页

作者： janet Pope Bernard Combe Department of Rheumatology Lapeyronie Hospital CHU Montpellier Montpellier 1 University Montpellier France Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry University of Western Ontario London Canada

Biologics have greatly improved the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), demonstrating efficacy and safety in alleviating symptoms, inhibiting bone erosion, and preventing loss of function. Unmet therapeutic needs in RA remain;however, further advances require an understanding of issues left unaddressed under the current treatment paradigm. Most biologic-na?ve and biologic-pretreated patients who initiate a biologic therapy, for example, do not reach American College of Rheumatology 50% (ACR50) response, and few achieve remission. Responses are often not durable, prompting frequent treatment switching. Predictive markers are unavailable to guide therapy selection, and clinical trial data are lacking on whether a tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) is the best first-line biologic and on the optimal sequence of use for the different biologics. Risk of serious infection is the major safety concern. Translating preclinical and clinical findings into new therapeutics may help address unmet needs. An increasing body of evidence indicates that the cytokine interleukin (IL)-17A represents an important therapeutic target;ongoing trials with IL-17A inhibitors will determine whether these agents can address some of the unmet needs associated with current biologics.

关键词： Rheumatoid Arthritis Biologics Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors Unmet Need Interleukin-17A IL-17 Inhibitors Treatment challenges

Citation Amnesia:Not Good for Our Health

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科技英语学习 2009年第10期 M0002-M0002,3,4页

作者： janet Raloff 黄春

您可能比较熟悉“选择性遗忘症”这样的病症术语，而对于“引用遗忘症”一说，恐怕知之甚少。这个十多年前才被杜撰出来的病理术语指向的是特定的患者人群——科研人员，其症状是患者在描述自己的科研成果时总会忽略前人所做的相关贡献... 详细信息

您可能比较熟悉“选择性遗忘症”这样的病症术语，而对于“引用遗忘症”一说，恐怕知之甚少。这个十多年前才被杜撰出来的病理术语指向的是特定的患者人群——科研人员，其症状是患者在描述自己的科研成果时总会忽略前人所做的相关贡献，而其后果当然与其它遗忘症一样，是不利于人们的健康的。

关键词：英语学习方法翻译方法译文