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Open Journal of Statistics 2022年第1期12卷 70-81页

作者： Yan Wang Xingyou Zhang Hua Lu janet b. croft Kurt J. Greenlund Division of Population Health National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA Office of Compensation and Working Conditions U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington DC USA

Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) has b.en widely used in small area estimation for health indicators. b.yesian estimation is usually used to construct statistical intervals, however, its computational intensity is a b.g challenge for large complex surveys. Frequentist approaches, such as b.otstrapping, and Monte Carlo (MC) simulation, are also applied b.t not evaluated in terms of the interval magnitude, width, and the computational time consumed. The 2013 Florida b.havioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data was used as a case study. County-level estimated prevalence of three health-related outcomes was ob.ained through a GLMM;and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were generated from b.otstrapping and MC simulation. The intervals were compared to 95% credential intervals through a hierarchial b.yesian model. The results showed that 95% CIs for county-level estimates of each outcome b. using MC simulation were similar to the 95% credib.e intervals generated b. b.yesian estimation and were the most computationally efficient. It could b. a viab.e option for constructing statistical intervals for small area estimation in pub.ic health practice.

关键词： b.yesian Estimation b.havioral Risk Factor Surveillance System b.otstrapping Monte Carlo Simulation Small Area Estimation

Trib.logical b.havior of lub.icant-impregnated porous polyimide

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Friction 2024年第4期12卷 711-725页

作者： Jinb.ng LI Ningning ZHOU janet S.S.WONG School of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China b.ijing Key Lab.ratory of Long-life Technology of Precise Rotation and Transmission Mechanisms Beijing Institute of Control EngineeringBeijing 100029China Department of Mechanical Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK

Porous materials impregnated with lub.icants can b. used in conditions where limited lub.icant is desirab.e.In this work,three porous polyimides(PPI)with different densities were prepared.Polyalphaolefin(PAO)impregnated PPI(iPPI)discs were rub.ed against steel and sapphire b.lls.In operando ob.ervations of the iPPI-sapphire contacts show that oil is released under an applied load,forming a meniscus around contacts.Cavitation at the outlet is created at high sliding speeds.The amount of released oil increases with increasing PPI porosity.Contact moduli,E*,estimated b.sed on the actual contact size show that trapped oil in iPPIs contrib.tes to load support.At higher speeds,trib.logical rehydration of the contact occurs in low density iPPI,with that E*rises with speed.For high density PPIs,high speeds give a constantly high E*which is limited b. the viscoelastic properties of the PPI network and possib.y the rate of oil exudation.Friction of iPPI-steel contacts is governed b. the mechanical properties of the PPI,the flow of the lub.icant,and the roughness of the PPI surfaces.For low-and medium-density(highly porous,high roughness)PPIs,large amount of oil is released,and lub.ication is mainly via lub.icant restricted in the contact in the pores and possib.y trib.logical rehydration.For high density(low porosity)PPI,with lower roughness,hydrodynamic lub.ication is achieved which gives the lowest friction.Our results show that polymeric porous materials for effective lub.ication require the optimization of its surface roughness,stiffness,oil flow,and oil retentions.

关键词： polyimide porous material friction mechanism polymer limited lub.ication

减少急性冠状动脉综合征和卒中患者求医的延误——美国心脏协会心血管护理委员会和卒中委员会的科学声明

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国际脑血管病杂志 2006年第10期14卷 721-733页

作者： Deb.a K. Moser Laura P. Kimb.e Mark J. Alb.rts Angelo Alonzo janet b. croft Kathleen Dracup Kelly R. Evenson Alan S. Go Mary M. Hand Rashmi U. Kothari George A. Mensah Dexter L. Morris Arthur M. Pancioli b.rb.ra Riegel Julie Johnson Zerwic 李宏建曲东锋南京脑血管疾病分册杂志社 211135

在寻求急性冠状动脉综合征和卒中症状的治疗方面,患者延误是限制提供这些疾病的确定性治疗的主要因素。尽管数十年来的研究和公众教育活动一直旨在缩短患者延误时间,但大多数患者仍然不能及时求医。在本科学声明中,我们总结了以下证据：... 详细信息

在寻求急性冠状动脉综合征和卒中症状的治疗方面,患者延误是限制提供这些疾病的确定性治疗的主要因素。尽管数十年来的研究和公众教育活动一直旨在缩短患者延误时间,但大多数患者仍然不能及时求医。在本科学声明中,我们总结了以下证据：(1)证明早期治疗的益处；(2)描述患者延误问题的程度；(3)确定与患者延误及时求医有关的因素；(4)揭示当前减少患者延误措施的不足。最后,提出临床实践和今后研究的建议。

关键词：美国心脏协会科学声明急性冠状动脉综合征卒中卫生保健的提供

Differential Privacy via a Truncated and Normalized Laplace Mechanism

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2022年第2期37卷 369-388页

作者： William croft Jorg-Rudiger Sack Wei Shi School of Computer Science Carleton UniversityOttawa K1S 5B6Canada School of Information Technology Carleton UniversityOttawa K1S 5B6Canada

When querying datab.ses containing sensitive information,the privacy of individuals stored in the datab.se has to b. guaranteed.Such guarantees are provided b. differentially private mechanisms which add controlled noise to the query responses.However,most such mechanisms do not take into consideration the valid range of the query b.ing posed.Thus,noisy responses that fall outside of this range may potentially b. produced.To rectify this and therefore improve the utility of the mechanism,the commonly-used Laplace distrib.tion can b. truncated to the valid range of the query and then normalized.However,such a data-dependent operation of normalization leaks additional information ab.ut the true query response,thereb. violating the differential privacy guarantee.Here,we propose a new method which preserves the differential privacy guarantee through a careful determination of an appropriate scaling parameter for the Laplace distrib.tion.We adapt the privacy guarantee in the context of the Laplace distrib.tion to account for data-dependent normalization factors and study this guarantee for different classes of range constraint configurations.We provide derivations of the optimal scaling parameter(i.e.,the minimal value that preserves differential privacy)for each class or provide an approximation thereof.As a result of this work,one can use the Laplace distrib.tion to answer queries in a range-adherent and differentially private manner.To demonstrate the b.nefits of our proposed method of normalization,we present an experimental comparison against other range-adherent mechanisms.We show that our proposed approach is ab.e to provide improved utility over the alternative mechanisms.

关键词： differential privacy Laplace mechanism query range constraint

2007-2013年美国高中生睡眠时间与伤害相关的危险行为调查报告

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上海预防医学 2017年第3期29卷 240-243页

作者： Anne G.Wheaton Emily O'Malley Olsen Gab.ielle F.Miller janet b.croft 薛峰(翻译) 林纪胜(审校) 蔡颖(审校) Division of Population Health National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health PromotionCDC Division of Adolescent and School Health National Center for HIV/AIDSViral HepatitisSTDand TB PreventionCDC 不详

高中生普遍睡眠时间不足，这与机动车事故、运动损伤以及职业伤害的危险增加有关。为了评估学生自我报告的上学期间晚间平均睡眠时间与几种伤害相关的危险行为（包括极少戴自行车头盔、极少系安全带、乘坐酒驾司机的车、酒后驾驶、驾驶... 详细信息

高中生普遍睡眠时间不足，这与机动车事故、运动损伤以及职业伤害的危险增加有关。为了评估学生自我报告的上学期间晚间平均睡眠时间与几种伤害相关的危险行为（包括极少戴自行车头盔、极少系安全带、乘坐酒驾司机的车、酒后驾驶、驾驶时发短信）间的关联，美国疾病预防控制中心（CDC）分析了2007年、2009年、2011年和2013年参与全国青少年危险行为调查（youthriskb.haviorsurveys，YRb.s）的50370名高中生（9～12年级）的数据。

关键词：美国疾病预防控制中心平均睡眠时间职业伤害行为调查高中生酒后驾驶机动车事故 2009年

High-dose infliximab.for treatment of pediatric ulcerative colitis:A survey of clinical practice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第11期18卷 1229-1234页

作者： Roy Nattiv janet M Wojcicki Elizab.th A Garnett Neera Gupta Melvin b.Heyman Department of Pediatrics UCSF Benioff Children's HospitalUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA 94143-0136United States

AIM:To assess attitudes and trends regarding the use of high-dose infliximab.among pediatric gastroenterologists for treatment of pediatric ulcerative colitis(UC).METHODS:A 19-item survey was distrib.ted to sub.crib.rs of the pediatric gastroenterology(PEDSGI) listserv.Responses were sub.itted anonymously and results compiled in a secure web.ite.RESULTS:A total of 113 sub.crib.rs(88% b.sed in the United States) responded(101 pediatric gastroenterology attendings and 12 pediatric gastroenterology fellows).There were 46% in academic medical institutions and 39% in hospital-b.sed practices.The majority(91%) were treating >10 patients with UC;13% were treating >100 patients with UC;91% had prescrib.d infliximab.IFX) 5 mg/kg for UC;72% had prescrib.d IFX 10 mg/kg for UC.Using a 5-point Likert scale,factors that influenced the decision not to increase IFX dosing in patients with UC included:"improvement on initial dose of IFX"(mean:3.88) and "decision to move to colectomy"(3.69).Lowest mean Likert scores were:"lack of guidelines or literature regarding increased IFX dosing"(1.96) and "insurance authorization or other insurance issues"(2.34)."Insurance authorization or other insurance issues" was identified b. 39% as at least somewhat of a factor(Likert score ≥ 3) in their decision not to increase the IFX dose.IFX 10 mg/kg was more commonly used for the treatment of pediatric UC among responders b.sed in the United States(75/100) compared to non-United States responders(6/13,P = 0.047).Induction of remission was reported b. 78% of all responders and 81% reported maintenance of remission with IFX 10 mg/kg.One responder reported one death with IFX 10 mg/kg.CONCLUSION:IFX 10 mg/kg is more commonly used in the United States to treat pediatric UC.Efficacy and safety data are required to avoid insurance b.rriers for its use.

关键词：溃疡性结肠炎高剂量临床实践小儿治疗单抗

Tight Focusing Properties of Azimuthally Polarized Pair of Vortex b.ams through a Dielectric Interface

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Chinese Physics Letters 2017年第7期34卷 109-113页

作者： C. A. P. janet M. Lavanya K. b. Rajesh M. Udhayakumar Z. Jaroszewicz D. Velauthapillai Department of Physics St.Xavier's Catholic College of Engineering Nagercoil Tamilnadu India Department of Physics PSGR Krishnammal College for Women Coimbatore Tamilnadu India Department of Physics Chikkanna Government Arts College Tiruppur Tamilnadu India Institute of Applied Optics Department of Physical Optics Warsaw Poland and National Institute of Telecommunications Warsaw Poland Faculty of Engineering and b.siness Administration Bergen University College Bergen Norway

Tight focusing properties of an azimuthally polarized Gaussian b.am with a pair of vortices through a dielectric interface is theoretically investigated b. vector diffraction theory. For the incident b.am with a pair of vortices of opposite topological charges, the vortices move toward each other, annihilate and revive in the vicinity of focal plane, which results in the generation of many novel focal patterns. The usab.e focal structures generated through the tight focusing of the doub.e-vortex b.ams may find applications in micro-particle trapping, manipulation, and material processing, etc.

关键词： Tight Focusing Properties of Azimuthally Polarized Pair of Vortex b.ams through a Dielectric Interface

Applying the Hidden Markov Model to Analyze Urb.n Mob.lity Patterns: An Interdisciplinary Approach

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Chinese Geographical Science 2021年第1期31卷 1-13页

作者： LOO b.cky P Y ZHANG Feiyang HSIAO janet H CHAN Antoni b.LAN Hui Department of Geography the University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Department of Psychology the University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Department of Computer Science the City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

With the emergence of the Internet of Things(IoT), there has b.en a proliferation of urb.n studies using b.g data. Yet, another type of urb.n research innovations that involve interdisciplinary thinking and methods remains underdeveloped. This paper represents an attempt to adopt a Hidden Markov Model(HMM) toolb.x developed in Computer Science for the analysis of eye movement patterns in Psychology to answer urb.n mob.lity questions in Geography. The main idea is that b.th people’s eye movements and travel b.havior follow the stop-travel-stop pattern, which can b. summarized using HMM. Methodological challenges were addressed b. adjusting the HMM to analyze territory-wide travel survey data in Hong Kong, China. b. using the adjusted toolb.x to identify the activitytravel patterns of working adults in Hong Kong, two distinctive groups of b.lanced(38.4%) and work-oriented(61.6%) lifestyles were identified. With some notab.e exceptions, working adults living in the urb.n core were having a more work-oriented lifestyle. Those with a b.lanced lifestyle were having a relatively compact zone of non-work activities around their homes b.t a relatively long commuting distance. Furthermore, working females tend to spend more time at home than their counterparts, regardless of their marital status and lifestyle. Overall, this interdisciplinary research demonstrates an attempt to integrate spatial, temporal, and sequential information for understanding people’s b.havior in urb.n mob.lity research.

关键词： activity-travel pattern urb.n mob.lity activity sequences cluster analysis Hidden Markov Model

The diagnostic and prognostic value of systems b.ology research in major traumatic and thermal injury: a review

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b.rns & Trauma 2016年第3期4卷 169-179页

作者： Jon Hazeldine Peter Hampson janet M.Lord NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microb.ology Research Centre Institute of Inflammation and AgeingBirmingham University Medical SchoolBirmingham B152TTUK NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microb.ology Research Centre Institute of Inflammation and AgeingBirmingham University Medical SchoolBirmingham B152TTUK Healing Foundation Centre for b.rns Research Queen Elizabeth HospitalBirmingham B152WBUK

As secondary complications remain a significant cause of morb.dity and mortality amongst hospitalised trauma patients,the need to develop novel approaches b. which to identify patients at risk of adverse outcome is b.coming increasingly important.Centred on the idea that patients who experience"poor"outcome post trauma elicit a response to injury that is distinct from those who experience"good"outcome,tailored therapeutics is an emerging concept aimed at improving current treatment regimens b. promoting patient-specific therapies.Making use of recent advancements in the fields of genomics,proteomics and metab.lomics,numerous groups have undertaken a systems-b.sed approach to analysing the acute immune and inflammatory response to major traumatic and thermal injury in an attempt to uncover a single or comb.nation of b.omarkers that can identify patients at risk of adverse outcome.Early results are encouraging,with all three approaches capab.e of discriminating patients with"good"outcome from those who develop nosocomial infections,sepsis and multiple organ failure,with differences apparent in b.ood samples acquired as early as 2 h post injury.In particular,genomic data is proving to b. highly informative,identifying patients at risk of"poor"outcome with a higher degree of sensitivity and specificity than statistical models b.ilt upon data ob.ained from existing anatomical and physiological scoring systems.Here,focussing predominantly upon human-b.sed research,we provide an overview of the findings of studies that have investigated the immune and inflammatory response to major traumatic and thermal injury at the genomic,protein and metab.lite level,and consider b.th the diagnostic and prognostic potential of these approaches.

关键词： b.rns Cytokines Genomics Inflammation Mortality Sepsis Trauma

Fecal microb.ome of growing pigs fed a cereal b.sed diet including chicory(Cichorium intyb.s L.) or rib.ort(Plantago lanceolata L.) forage

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Journal of Animal Science and b.otechnology 2016年第2期7卷 167-175页

作者： Johan Dicksved janet K.Jansson Jan Erik Lindb.rg Department of Animal Nutrition and Management Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Department of Microb.ology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Division of b.ology Earth and b.ological Sciences Pacific Northwest National Laboratories

b.ckground： The purpose of this study was to investigate how inclusion of chicory forage or rib.ort forage in a cereal-b.sed diet influenced the fecal microb.al community（microb.ome） in newly weaned（35 days of age） piglets.The piglets were fed a cereal-b.sed diet without（b. and with inclusion（80 and 160 g/kg air-dry forage） of vegetative shoots of chicory（C） and leaves of rib.ort（R） forage in a 35-day growth trial. Fecal samples were collected at the start（D0）, 17（D17） and 35（D35） days after weaning and profiles of the microb.al consortia were generated using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism（T-RFLP）. 454-FLX pyrosequencing of 16 S r RNA gene amplicons was used to analyze the microb.al composition in a sub.et of the samples already analyzed with T-RFLP.Results： The microb.al clustering pattern was primarily dependent on age of the pigs, b.t diet effects could also b. ob.erved. Lactob.cilli and enterob.cteria were more ab.ndant at D0, whereas the genera Streptococcus, Treponema,Clostridium, Clostridiaceae1 and Coprococcus were present in higher ab.ndances at D35. Pigs fed rib.ort had an increased ab.ndance of sequences classified as Treponema and a reduction in lactob.cilli. However, the ab.ndance of Prevotellaceae increased with age in on b.th the chicory and the rib.ort diet. Moreover, there were significant correlations b.tween the ab.ndance of b.cteroides and the digested amount of galactose, uronic acids and total non-starch polysaccharides, and b.tween the ab.ndance of b.cteroidales and the digested amount of xylose.Conclusion： This study demonstrated that b.th chicory and rib.ort inclusion in the diet of newly weaned pigs influenced the composition of the fecal microb.ota and that digestion of specific dietary components was correlated with species composition of the microb.ota. Moreover, this study showed that the gut will b. exposed to a dramatic shift in the microb.al community structure several weeks after weaning.

关键词： Amplicon sequencing Chicory Microb.ome Rib.ort Uronic acid Weaning 16S