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SARS-coV-2 variants are associated with different clinical courses in children with MIS-c

World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期20卷 143-152页

作者： Andres F.Moreno Rojas Emelia bainto Helen Harvey Adriana H.Tremoulet jane c.b.rns Kirsten b.Dummer Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric CardiologyUniversity of California San Diegoand Rady Children’s Hospital3020 Children’s Way MC 5004San DiegoCA 92123USA Kawasaki Disease Research center La JollaCAUSA Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Critical CareUniversity of California San Diegoand Rady Children’s HospitalSan DiegoCAUSA Department of Pediatrics University of California San Diegoand Rady Children’s HospitalSan DiegoCAUSA

background Recent infection with SARS‑coV-2 in children has been associated with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children(MIS-c).SARS‑coV-2 has undergone different *** publications exist about specific variants and their correlation with the severity of *** This was a single-center,retrospective study including all patients admitted with MIS-c at Rady children’s Hospital-San Diego between May 2020 and March *** epidemiologic data,including viral genomic information,were obtained from public ***,clinical presentation,laboratory values,and outcomes were obtained from electronic medical *** The analysis included 104 pediatric *** MIS-c waves were *** variants in San Diego during the first wave included clades 20A to *** the second wave,there were variants from clades 20A to c,20G,21c(Epsilon),20I(Alpha),and 20J(Gamma).The third wave had Delta strains(clades 21A,21I,and 21J),and the fourth had Omicron variants(clades 21K,21L,and 22c).MIS-c presented with similar symptoms and laboratory findings across all *** patients were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit(PIcU)(74%)and required inotropic support(63%)during the second *** of the patients required mechanical circulatory support,and only two required invasive ventilatory *** was no *** The various strains of SARS-coV-2 triggered MIS-c with differing severities,with the second wave having a more severe clinical *** the differences in disease severity across variants were due to changes in the virus or other factors remains unknown.

关键词： complications cOVID-19 MIS-c SARS-coV-2 variants

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Anonymous TollPass: A blockchain-based Privacy-Preserving Electronic Toll Payment Model

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computers, Materials & continua 2024年第6期79卷 3495-3518页

作者： jane Kim Soojin Lee chan Yeob Yeun Seung-Hyun Seo Department of Electronic&Electrical Engineering Graduate SchoolHanyang UniversitySeoul04763Korea Department of Electrical Engineering and computer Science Khalifa University of Science and TechnologyAbu Dhabi127788United Arab Emirates School of Electrical Engineering Hanyang UniversityERICAAnsan15588Korea

As big data,Artificial Intelligence,and Vehicle-to-Everything(V2X)communication have advanced,Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS)are being developed to enable efficient and safe transportation *** Toll collection(ETc),which is one of the services included in ITS systems,is an automated system that allows vehicles to pass through toll plazas without stopping for manual *** ETc system is widely deployed on highways due to its contribution to stabilizing the overall traffic system *** ensure secure and efficient toll payments,designing a distributed model for sharing toll payment information among untrusted toll service providers is ***,the current ETc system operates under a centralized ***,both toll service providers and toll plazas know the toll usage history of *** raises concerns about revealing the entire driving routes and patterns of *** address these issues,blockchain technology,suitable for secure data management and data sharing in distributed systems,is being applied to the ETc *** enables efficient and transparent management of ETc ***,the public nature of blockchain poses a challenge where users’usage records are exposed to all *** tackle this,we propose a blockchain-based toll ticket model named AnonymousTollPass that considers the privacy of *** proposed model utilizes traceable ring signatures to provide unlinkability between tickets used by a vehicle and prevent the identity of the vehicle using the ticket from being identified among the ring members for the ***,malicious vehicles’identities can be traced when they attempt to reuse *** conducting simulations,we show the effectiveness of the proposed model and demonstrate that gas fees required for executing the proposed smart contracts are only 10%(when the ring size is 50)of the fees required in previous studies.

关键词： blockchain electronic toll collection smart contract traceable ring signature

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Applying heteroatom co-doped carbon nanotube for manifesting high performance in the electrochemical reduction of aqueous nitrogen oxide by gold nanoparticles

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1151-1164页

作者： jane chung Haibo Yin Rong Wang Yunlong Wang Junyang Zhang Yue Peng Joung Woo Han Seongyun Ryu Junhua Li State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China EHS Research center Samsung Electronics Co.Ltd.Gyeonggi-do 18448Republic of Korea

Electrochemical NO-to-NH_(3) under ambient conditions could be a viable alternative having advantages in terms of energy consumption and exhaust gas recycling of NO,replacing a traditional ammonia synthesis method of the Haber–bosch *** synthesizing boron(b-)and nitrogen(N-)co-doped carbon nanotube(cNT)based gold(Au)catalysts,b-dopants elevate the conductivity of carbon nanotube by sp2 hybridization on graphene and implant b–N domains within the graphene layer,and result in facilitating the embedding amount of Au accompanied by high dispersibility with low particle *** density functional theory(DFT)calculations elucidate that the electron cloud transmitted from b-dopant to the active site of Au induces the Lewis acidic site,and the O-distal pathway occurs following a spontaneous *** of the electron-deficient b-doping area accompanied by N-defects and b–O edges retains the major valence state of Au as Au^(δ+),and suppresses hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)by repulsing the hindrance of H*.This record exhibits the highest faradaic efficiency(FE)of 94.7%,and NH_(3) yield rate of 1877.4μg·h^(-1)·mg_(cat)^(-1),which is the optimal yield over energy consumption in the field of the ambient reduction of aqueous NO.

关键词： boron heteroatom nitrogen defect gold nanoparticles valence states of gold electrochemical NO-to-NH3

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Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma associated with hepatitis c genotype 3 infection:A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1596-1612页

作者： Hamzah Z Farooq Michael James jane Abbott Patrick Oyibo Pip Divall Naheed choudhry Graham R Foster blizard Institute Queen Mary University of LondonLondon E12ATUnited Kingdom School of Health and Psychological Sciences University of LondonLondon EC1V 0HBUnited Kingdom University Hospitals of Leicester Library University Hospitals of Leicester NHS TrustLeicester LE39QPUnited Kingdom

bAcKGROUND Hepatitis c virus(HcV)is a blood-borne virus which globally affects around 79 million people and is associated with high morbidity and *** infection leads to cirrhosis in a large proportion of patients and often causes hepatocellular carcinoma(Hcc)in people with *** the 6 HcV genotypes(G1-G6),genotype-3 accounts for 17.9%of *** genotype-3 responds least well to directly-acting antivirals and patients with genotype-3 infection are at increased risk of Hcc even if they do not have *** To systematically review and critically appraise all risk factors for Hcc secondary to HcV-G3 in all ***,we studied possible risk factors for Hcc due to HcV-G3 in the literature from 1946 to *** This systematic review aimed to synthesise existing and published studies of risk factors for Hcc secondary to HcV genotype-3 and evaluate their strengths and *** searched Web of Science,Medline,EMbASE,and cENTRAL for publications reporting risk factors for Hcc due to HcV genotype-3 in all settings,*** Four thousand one hundred and forty-four records were identified from the four databases with 260 records removed as *** thousand eight hundred and eighty-four records were screened with 3514 *** hundred and seventy-one full-texts were assessed for eligibility with seven studies included for *** the seven studies,three studies were retrospective case-control trials,two retrospective cohort studies,one a prospective cohort study and one a cross-sectional study *** were based in hospital settings with four in Pakistan,two in South Korea and one in the United *** total number of participants were 9621 of which 167 developed Hcc(1.7%).All seven studies found cirrhosis to be a risk factor for Hcc secondary to HcV genotype-3 followed by higher age(five-studies),with two studies each showing male sex,high alpha feto-protein,directly-acting antivirals trea

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatitis c Genotype 3 Systematic review blood-borne viruses Liver cancer

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Storylines of family medicine Ⅴ:ways of thinking—honing the therapeutic self

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Family Medicine and community Health 2024年第S3期12卷 43-51页

作者： William b Ventres Leslie A Stone Johanna F Shapiro cynthia Haq Jéssica R b Leao Donald E Nease Jr Liz Grant Stewart W Mercer John c M Gillies Pablo González blasco Maria Auxiliadora c De benedetto Graziela Moreto Marcelo R Levites Jennifer E DeVoe William R Phillips jane M Uygur Thomas R Egnew colette S Stanley Family and Preventive Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Family Medicine University of California Irvine School of MedicineIrvineCaliforniaUSA Faculty of Medicine University of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Family Medicine University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus School of MedicineAuroraColoradoUSA Usher Institute Edinburgh Medical SchoolUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK SObRAMFA-Medical Education and Humanism Sao PauloBrazil Family Medicine Oregon Health&Science University School of MedicinePortlandOregonUSA Family Medicine University of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWashingtonUSA General Practice Royal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublinIreland General Internal Medicine Geriatrics&Palliative MedicineTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA

Storylines of Family Medicine is a 12-part series of thematically linked essays with accompanying illustrations that explore the many dimensions of family medicine,as interpreted by individual family physicians and medical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the ***‘Ⅴ:ways of thinking—honing the therapeutic self’,authors present the following sections:‘Reflective practice in action’,‘The doctor as drug—balint groups’,‘cultivating compassion’,‘Towards a humanistic approach to doctoring’,‘Intimacy in family medicine’,‘The many faces of suffering’,‘Transcending suffering’and‘The power of listening to stories.’May readers feel a deeper sense of their own therapeutic agency by reflecting on these essays.

关键词： illustration dimensions suffering

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Did pediatric drug development advance epilepsy treatment in young patients?It is time for new research goals

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第2期14卷 65-74页

作者： Earl b Ettienne Emilio Russo Pasquale Striano jane M Grant-Kels Klaus Rose college of Pharmacy Howard University College of PharmacyWashingtonDC 20059United States Department of Health Sciences School of MedicineRussoUniversity"Magna Graecia"of CatanzaroCatanzaro 88100Italy IRccS Istituto Giannina Gaslini Genova 16148Italy Department of Dermatology University of Connecticut Health CenterFarmingtonCT 06032United States klausrose consulting Pediatric Drug Development and moreMedical ScienceCH-4125 RiehenSwitzerland

Modern drugs have changed epilepsy,which affects people of all ***,for young people with epilepsy,the framework of drug development has *** the wake of the thalidomide catastrophe,the misconception emerged that for peoplecluding antiseizure medications(ASMs),need separate proof of efficacy and safety,overall called"pediatric drug development".For ASMs,this has changed to some *** now accept that ASMs are effective inbut they still require"extrapolation of efficacy,"as if minors were another *** a result,some of the pediatric clinical epilepsy research over the past decades was *** more importantly,this has hampered research on meaningful research *** do not need to confirm that ASMs work before as they do after the 18th ***,we need to learn how to prevent brain damage in young patients by preventing seizures and optimize ASMs’*** we discuss how to proceed in this endeavor.

关键词： Epilepsy Pediatric drug development Therapeutic orphans Antiseizure medications Pediatric investigation plan clinical pharmacology

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Environmental and climate Justice in Palestine

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American Journal of climate change 2024年第2期13卷 251-280页

作者： Jad Isaac jane Hilal Applied Research Institute-Jerusalem (ARIJ) Society Bethlehem Palestine Water and Enviromenat Department Applied Research Institute-Jerusalem Society (ARIJ) Society Bethlehem Palestine

To have a clean, safe, and functional environment is not only essential for the purpose of preservation, but also imperative for safeguarding the most fundamental of human rights. Resolution 45/94 of the United Nations (UN) General Assembly also stresses and acknowledges that: “all individuals are entitled to live in an environment adequate for their health and wellbeing” (United Nations Digital Library System, 1991). Environmental and climate justice, which: “emerged in the context of the local environmental struggles of directly oppressed groups”, is a global movement dedicated to ensuring equal protection of people’s human rights (i.e., water, health, life, etc.) in the face of the climate crisis. Moreover, health, environment and human rights are part of the 2030 agenda (in particular, SDG 1, SDG 5, SDG 6, SDG 7, SDG 13, SDG 16, SDG 17). Individually, both environmental and climate justice are rooted in an intersectional outlook, by which they highlight the common threads between communities and the people’s inclusion, irrespective of race, class, or gender, in the pursuit of justice. On the other hand, they recognise and acknowledge the role and consequences of climate change in economic, social, and political dimensions;thus, drawing emphasis on the rights of people under the emerging inequities. In the case of Palestine, the Palestinian community is increasingly becoming vulnerable to these effects and the resulting inequalities of climate change. This vulnerability stems from: 1) The right to life;clean WASH;equitable work opportunities;access to resources;and free movement;are all examples of human rights that the Israeli colonial regime infringes upon;2) Infrastructure is essential for climate adaptation: 61% of the West bank is ultimately barred from building infrastructure (b’Tselem, 2019) and Gaza Strip has major gaps in infrastructure due to intentional destruction by Israel;3) Palestinian deprivation of the sovereign right to natural resources by Isra

关键词： Environmental Degradation climate change Environmental and climate Justice Human Rights causes and Solution

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calcium/calcimimetic via calcium-sensing receptor ameliorates cholera toxin-induced secretory diarrhea in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第3期30卷 268-279页

作者： Lie-Qi Tang Johnathan Fraebel Shi Jin Steven P Winesett jane Harrell Wen-Han chang Sam Xianjun cheng Department of Pediatrics University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32610United States college of Medicine University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32610United States Applied Physiology and Kinesiology University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32610United States brain Rehabilitation Research center Malcom Randall VA Medical CenterGainesvilleFL 32610United States Department of Medicine Endocrine Research UnitVeterans Affairs Medical CenterUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoSan FranciscoCA 94121United States Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatologyand NutritionUniversity of Florida Shands Children’s HospitalGainesvilleFL 32608United States

bAcKGROUND Enterotoxins produce diarrhea through direct epithelial action and indirectly by activating the enteric nervous ***-sensing receptor(caSR)inhibits both *** latter has been well documented in vitro but not in *** hypothesis to be tested was that activating caSR inhibits diarrhea in *** To determine whether caSR agonists ameliorate secretory diarrhea evoked by cholera toxin(cTX)in *** cTX was given orally to c57bL/6 mice to induce *** and calci-mimetic R568 were used to activate *** maximize their local intestinal actions,calcium was administered luminally via oral rehydration solution(ORS),whereas R568 was applied serosally using an intraperitoneal *** verify that their actions resulted from the intestine,effects were also examined on cre-lox intestine-specific caSR *** outcome was measured biochemically by monitoring changes in fecal cl-or clinically by assessing stool consistency and weight *** cTX induced secretory diarrhea,as evidenced by increases in fecal cl-,stool consistency,and weight loss following cTX exposure,but did not alter caSR,neither in content nor in ***,calcium and R568 were each able to ameliorate diarrhea when applied to diseased *** caSR involvement is suggested by gene knockout experiments where the anti-diarrheal actions of R568 were lost in intestinal epithelial caSR knockouts(villincre/casrflox/flox)and neuronal caSR knockouts(nestincre/casrflox/flox).cONcLUSION Treatment of acute secretory diarrheas remains a global *** advances in diarrhea research,few have been made in the realm of diarrhea *** therapy has remained the standard of care,although it does not halt the losses of intestinal fluid and ions caused by *** is no cost-effective therapeutic for *** and other studies suggest that adding calcium to ORS or using calcimimetics to activate intestinal caSR might

关键词： cholera Enteric nervous system Secretory diarrhea Oral rehydration solution calcium-sensing receptor Gene knockout

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Sustained adenosine release:Revealing its impact on osteogenic signalling pathways of human mesenchymal stromal cells

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Engineered Regeneration 2024年第2期5卷 255-268页

作者： Hadi Hajiali jane McLaren cristina Gonzalez-García Salah Abdelrazig Dong-Hyun Kim Matthew J.Dalby Manuel Salmerón-Sánchez Felicity R.A.J.Rose School of Pharmacy Nottingham Biodiscovery InstituteUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Healthcare Technologies Institute School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK centre for the cellular Microenvironment University of GlasgowGlasgowUK centre for Analytical bioscience Advanced Materials&Healthcare Technologies DivisionSchool of PharmacyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Marine Microbiomics Program in BiologyDivision of Science and MathematicsNew York University Abu Dhabi(NYUAD)P.O.Box 129188Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates

Non-healing fractures,a global health concern arising from trauma,osteoporosis,and tumours,can lead to severe ***,integral to cellular energy metabolism,gains prominence in bone regeneration via adeno-sine A2 b receptor *** study introduces a controlled-release system for localized adenosine delivery,fostering human mesenchymal stromal cell(hMSc)differentiation into functional bone *** study investi-gates how the ratio of lactic acid to glycolic acid in microparticles can influence adenosine release and explores the downstream effects on gene expression and metabolic profiles of osteogenic differentiation in hMScs cultured in growth and osteoinductive *** into adenosine-modulated signalling pathways during MSc differenti-ation,with osteogenic factors,provide a comprehensive understanding of the pathways *** gene expression and metabolic profiles unravels adenosine’s regulatory mechanisms in MSc *** adenosine release from microparticles induces mineralization,synergizing with osteogenic media supplements,showcasing the potential of adenosine for treating critical bone defects and metabolic *** study high-lights the efficacy of a polymeric microparticle-based delivery system,offering novel strategies for bone *** adenosine’s roles and associated signalling pathways advances our comprehension of molecular mech-anisms steering bone regeneration,propelling innovative biomaterial,combined with metabolites,approaches for clinical use.

关键词： Adenosine release Osteogenic signalling pathways Human mesenchymal stromal cells bone regeneration

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Agronomic Performance, Stability Analysis and Evaluation of Anthracnose Disease Resistance of common bean Lines Derived by Marker-Assisted backcrossing in Uganda

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 376-397页

作者： Stanley T. Nkalubo Annet Namayanja Annet Namusoke jane Mukabaranga Nampijja Shakirah Allan Nkuboye Paul Gepts Wakjira Tesfahun Jebesa National crops Resources Research Institute (NacRRI) Namulonge Kampala Uganda Department of Plant Sciences/MS1 University of California Davis CA USA Department of Plant Science and Horticulture College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Jimma University Jimma Ethiopia

The present study focused on evaluating the agronomic performance, stability, and anthracnose resistance of common bean lines derived through Marker-Assisted backcrossing in Uganda. Eight marker-assisted selection (MAS) backcross-derived bush bean lines with red seed types, alongside two checks, were evaluated in a randomized complete block design replicated two times in five locations for three consecutive crop-growing seasons in 2021 and 2022. The study aimed to identify lines with both high stable yields and enhanced resistance to anthracnose disease for potential release and utilization in future bean varietal development in Uganda. Agronomic traits, including days to 50% flowering, days to 90% physiological maturity, seed yield, seed yield components, and anthracnose disease reaction under natural infestation were assessed. The response to anthracnose disease was further assessed using six isolates of colletotrichum lindemuthianum representing six different races. Results indicated that the agronomic performances of the MAS backcross-derived bush bean lines were statistically comparable to the recurrent parent NAbE14. Specifically, six lines exhibited statistically equal to or higher performance than NAbE14 in terms of seed yield, total number of seeds and number of pods per plant. The combined analysis of variance for seed yield showed significant (p co-42 and co-5 anthracnose resistance genes in the derived line. In conclusion, UGKT-b157-4, identified as the best-performing and stable genotype, demonstrates promise for release and use in future bean varietal development in Uganda, offering a combination of high yields and enhanced anthracnose disease resistance. The study provides valuable insights into the potential of Marker-Assisted backcrossing in improving common bean varieties in the region.

关键词： colletotrichum lindemuthianum Genotype by Environment Interaction GGE biplot MAS

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