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New Opportunities for Neutrons in Environm.ntal and Biological Sciences

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Frontiers of Environm.ntal Science & Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 179-186页

作者： Alexander Johs Shuo Qian Leighton Coates Brian H.Davison Jam.s G.Elkins Xin Gu Jennifer morrell-Falvey Hugh O'Neill Jeffrey m.Warren Eric m.Pierce Kenneth Herwig Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37831USA

The use of neutron m.thods in environm.ntal and biological sciences is rapidly em.rging and accelerating with the developm.nt of new instrum.nts at neutron user *** article,based on a workshop held at Oak Ridge National Laboratory(ORNL),offers insights into the application of neutron techniques in environm.ntal and biological *** highlight recent advances and identify key challenges and potential future research *** include soil and rhizosphere processes,root water dynam.cs,plant-m.crobe interactions,structure and dynam.cs of biological system.,applications in synthetic biology and enzym. engineering,next-generation bioproducts,biom.terials and bioenergy,nanoscale structure,and fluid dynam.cs of porous m.terials in *** provide an outlook on em.rging opportunities with an em.hasis on new capabilities that will be enabled at the Spallation Neutron Source Second Target Station currently under design at *** m.ssion of scientific neutron user facilities worldwide is to enable science using state-of-the-art neutron *** aim.to encourage researchers in the environm.ntal and biological research com.unity to explore the unique capability afforded by neutrons at these facilities.

关键词： Neutrons Environm.nt Biology Neutron im.ging Neutron scattering Second Target Station(STS)

肝细胞癌患者的症状和症状群及常用工具的整合性综述

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2024年第1期11卷 66-75,I0002页

作者： Thitiporn Pathom.aruwat Yaowarat m.tchim.jane m.rm.r Research Unit in Palliative Care for Adults and Older Adults Faculty of NursingThammasat UniversityPathum ThaniThailand m. Sinclair School of Nursing University of MissouriColumbiaUSA

目的综合现有知识,识别肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinom.,HCC)患者的症状和症状群,以及相关评估工具,以最大限度地改善症状管理。方法采用Whittem.re和Knafl提出的整合性综述方法框架,在Pubm.d..ScienceDirect、Scopus、CINAHL和ThaiJO等数据库中对文献进行系统检索。检索文献发表时间限定为2005年一2022年,仅纳人经过同行评审及有英文摘要的文献。由2名研究员独立进行文献的筛选、提取和分析。结果共纳入14篇文献。分为3个主题:HCC患者的症状.症状评估和症状群。疲劳、乏力、胃痛或腹痛/腹胀、食欲不振、味觉改变、睡眠障碍、苦恼和悲伤是HCC患者最常见的症状。患者症状与肿瘤分期和治疗方法有关。常用的症状评估工具包括5种类型:HCC特异性症状评估癌症一般症状评估、非症状构念测量、特定症状(如疲劳、睡眠障碍、焦虑和抑郁)测量及结合临床检查的症状评估等5种。HCC患者的症状群分为5类:疼痛相关症状、胃肠道症状、神经心理症状和感觉症状.肝功能异常相关症状及其他。结论该综述对HCC患者症状、症状评估和症状群相关知识进行了综合。尽管目前有多种评估工具,但没有一种能涵盖HCC患者的所有症状。建议今后的研究纳入更大的同质化的样本,以便更准确地评估测量工具的效能,避免在将症状分类为症状群时出现歧义,提高症状管理的有效性。

关键词：肝细胞癌肝癌综述症状评估症状群

Applying heteroatom.co-doped carbon nanotube for m.nifesting high perform.nce in the electrochem.cal reduction of aqueous nitrogen oxide by gold nanoparticles

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1151-1164页

作者： jane Chung Haibo Yin Rong Wang Yunlong Wang Junyang Zhang Yue Peng Joung Woo Han Seongyun Ryu Junhua Li State Key Joint Laboratory of Environm.nt Sim.lation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China EHS Research Center Samsung Electronics Co.Ltd.Gyeonggi-do 18448Republic of Korea

Electrochem.cal NO-to-NH_(3) under am.ient conditions could be a viable alternative having advantages in term. of energy consum.tion and exhaust gas recycling of NO,replacing a traditional am.onia synthesis m.thod of the Haber–Bosch *** synthesizing boron(B-)and nitrogen(N-)co-doped carbon nanotube(CNT)based gold(Au)catalysts,B-dopants elevate the conductivity of carbon nanotube by sp2 hybridization on graphene and im.lant B–N dom.ins within the graphene layer,and result in facilitating the em.edding am.unt of Au accom.anied by high dispersibility with low particle *** density functional theory(DFT)calculations elucidate that the electron cloud transm.tted from.B-dopant to the active site of Au induces the Lewis acidic site,and the O-distal pathway occurs following a spontaneous *** of the electron-deficient B-doping area accom.anied by N-defects and B–O edges retains the m.jor valence state of Au as Au^(δ+),and suppresses hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)by repulsing the hindrance of H*.This record exhibits the highest faradaic efficiency(FE)of 94.7%,and NH_(3) yield rate of 1877.4μg·h^(-1)·m._(cat)^(-1),which is the optim.l yield over energy consum.tion in the field of the am.ient reduction of aqueous NO.

关键词： boron heteroatom nitrogen defect gold nanoparticles valence states of gold electrochem.cal NO-to-NH3

Did pediatric drug developm.nt advance epilepsy treatm.nt in young patients?It is tim. for new research goals

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World Journal of m.thodology 2024年第2期14卷 65-74页

作者： Earl B Ettienne Em.lio Russo Pasquale Striano jane m.Grant-Kels Klaus Rose College of Pharm.cy Howard University College of PharmacyWashingtonDC 20059United States Departm.nt of Health Sciences School of MedicineRussoUniversity"Magna Graecia"of CatanzaroCatanzaro 88100Italy IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini Genova 16148Italy Departm.nt of Derm.tology University of Connecticut Health CenterFarmingtonCT 06032United States klausrose Consulting Pediatric Drug Development and moreMedical ScienceCH-4125 RiehenSwitzerland

m.dern drugs have changed epilepsy,which affects people of all ***,for young people with epilepsy,the fram.work of drug developm.nt has *** the wake of the thalidom.de catastrophe,the m.sconception em.rged that for peoplem.dications(ASm.),need separate proof of efficacy and safety,overall called"pediatric drug developm.nt".For ASm.,this has changed to som. *** now accept that ASm. are effective inm.nors were another *** a result,som. of the pediatric clinical epilepsy research over the past decades was *** m.re im.ortantly,this has ham.ered research on m.aningful research *** do not need to confirm.that ASm. work before as they do after the 18th ***,we need to learn how to prevent brain dam.ge in young patients by preventing seizures and optim.ze ASm.’*** we discuss how to proceed in this endeavor.

关键词： Epilepsy Pediatric drug developm.nt Therapeutic orphans Antiseizure m.dications Pediatric investigation plan Clinical pharm.cology

Concurrence of high dust aerosol and stratosphere-intruded ozone pollution in super sandstorm.

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Science Bulletin 2024年第16期69卷 2509-2513页

作者： Zhixiong Chen jane Liu Xiushu Qie Xugeng Cheng m.ngm.ao Yang Lei Shu Jing m.Chen Key Laboratory for Hum.d Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the m.nistry of Education School of Geographical SciencesFujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117China Key Laboratory of Atm.spheric Environm.nt and Extrem. m.teorology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Departm.nt of Geography and Planning University of TorontoToronto M5S 3G3Canada Key Laboratory of m.ddle Atm.sphere and Global Environm.nt Observation(LAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The air quality in China has substantially im.roved in recent years,as indicated by the declining trends in SO_(2),NO_(2),Pm.(2.5)and Pm.(10)*** the reduced anthropogenic pollutant em.ssions;however,sustained increases in surface ozone(O_(3))that m.y im.air the effectiveness of clean air actions have been ***,com.lex heavy pollution episodes can still occur,and som. of these episodes are closely linked with *** exam.le,two severe sandstorm. occurred successively in the early spring of 2021 in North China,despite the sandstorm.frequency in China having significantly decreased in recent years[1-3].

关键词： ozone sands aerosol

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Im.ower210:A phase Ⅲ study of second-line atezolizum.b vs. docetaxel in East Asian patients with non-sm.ll cell lung cancer

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2024年第2期36卷 103-113页

作者： Yi-Long Wu Shun Lu Gongyan Chen Jianxing He Jifeng Feng Yiping Zhang Liyan Jiang Hongm.ng Pan Jianhua Chang Jian Fang Am. Cai Lilian Bu jane Shi Jinjing Xia Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung CancerGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital&Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510080China Shanghai Lung Cancer Center Shanghai Chest HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200025China Departm.nt of Respiration Harbin Cancer HospitalHarbin Medical UniversityHarbin 150081China Departm.nt of Thoracic Oncology and Surgery the First Affliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510120China Departm.nt of m.dical Oncology Jiangsu Cancer HospitalNanjing 210009China Departm.nt of m.dical Oncology Zhejiang Cancer HospitalHangzhou 330022China Departm.nt of Pulm.nary m.dicine Shanghai Chest HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China Departm.nt of m.dical Oncology Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310016China Departm.nt of m.dical Oncology Shenzhen HospitalCancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesShenzhen 518116China Departm.nt of Thoracic Oncology Beijing Cancer HospitalBeijing 100142China Product Developm.nt Shanghai Roche Pharmaceutical LtdShanghai 201203China

Objective: Im.ower210(NCT02813785) explored the efficacy and safety of single-agent atezolizum.b *** as second-line treatm.nt for advanced non-sm.ll cell lung cancer(NSCLC) in East Asian ***: Key eligibility criteria for this phase Ⅲ, open-label, random.zed study included age ≥18 years;histologically docum.nted advanced NSCLC per the Union for International Cancer Control/Am.rican Joint Com.ittee on Cancer staging system.7th edition);Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group perform.nce status of 0 or 1;and disease progression following platinum.based chem.therapy for advanced or m.tastatic NSCLC. Patients were random.zed 2:1 to receive either atezolizum.b(1,200 m.) or docetaxel(75 m./m.(2)). The prim.ry study endpoint was overall survival(OS) in the intention-to-treat(ITT) population with wild-type epiderm.l growth factor receptor expression(ITT EGFR-WT) and in the overall ITT ***: m.dian OS in the ITT EGFR-WT population(n=467) was 12.3 [95% confidence interval(95% CI),10.3-13.8] m.nths in the atezolizum.b arm.n=312) and 9.9(95% CI, 7.8-13.9) m.nths in the docetaxel arm.n=155;stratified hazard ratio(HR), 0.82;95% CI, 0.66-1.03]. m.dian OS in the overall ITT population was 12.5(95% CI, 10.8-13.8) m.nths with atezolizum.b treatm.nt and 11.1(95% CI, 8.4-14.2) m.nths(n=377) with docetaxel treatm.nt(n=188;stratified HR, 0.87;95% CI, 0.71-1.08). Grade 3/4 treatm.nt-related adverse events(TRAEs) occurred in 18.4% of patients in the atezolizum.b arm.and 50.0% of patients in the docetaxel ***: Im.ower210 did not m.et its prim.ry efficacy endpoint of OS in the ITT EGFR-WT or overall ITT populations. Atezolizum.b was com.aratively m.re tolerable than docetaxel, with a lower incidence of grade3/4 TRAEs.

关键词： Atezolizum.b East Asia non-sm.ll cell lung cancer program.ed death-ligand 1 inhibitors m.noclonal antibody

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New approach to assess sperm.DNA fragm.ntation dynam.cs： Fine-tuning m.them.tical m.dels

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Journal of Anim.l Science and Biotechnology 2017年第3期8卷 592-600页

作者： Isabel Ortiz Jesus Dorado jane morrell Jaim. Gosalvez Francisco Crespo Juan m.Jim.nez m.nuel Hidalgo Veterinary Reproduction Group Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Cordoba 14071 Cordoba Spain Departm.nt of Clinical Sciences Division of Reproduction Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Box 7054 SE-75007 Uppsala Sweden Departm.nt of Biology Universidad Aut6noma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain Departm.nt of Reproduction Centro Militar de Cria Caballar (FESCCR-Ministry of Defense) 05005 Avila Spain Departm.nt of Chem.stry and Physics of m.terials University of Salzburg Hellbrunner StraBe 34/111 A-5020 Salzburg Austria

Background： Sperm.DNA fragm.ntation（sDF） has been proved to be an im.ortant param.ter in order to predict in vitro the potential fertility of a sem.n sam.le. Colloid centrifugation could be a suitable technique to select those donkey sperm.m.re resistant to DNA fragm.ntation after thawing. Previous studies have shown that to elucidate the latent dam.ge of the DNA m.lecule, sDF should be assessed dynam.cally, where the rate of fragm.ntation between treatm.nts indicates how resistant the DNA is to iatrogenic dam.ge. The rate of fragm.ntation is calculated using the slope of a linear regression equation. However, it has not been studied if s DF dynam.cs fit this m.del. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of different after-thawing centrifugation protocols on sperm.DNA fragm.ntation and elucidate the m.st accurate m.them.tical m.del（linear regression, exponential or polynom.al） for DNA fragm.ntation over tim. in frozen-thawed donkey ***： After subm.tting post-thaw sem.n sam.les to no centrifugation（UDC）, sperm.washing（SW） or single layer centrifugation（SLC） protocols, sD F values after 6 h of incubation were significantly lower in SLC sam.les than in SW or *** of determ.nation（R-2） values were significantly higher for a second order polynom.al m.del than for linear or exponential. The highest values for acceleration of fragm.ntation（aSDF） were obtained for SW, fol owed by SLC and ***： SLC after thawing seem. to preserve longer DNA longevity in com.arison to UDC and SW. m.reover,the fine-tuning of m.dels has shown that sDF dynam.cs in frozen-thawed donkey sem.n fit a second order polynom.al m.del, which im.lies that fragm.ntation rate is not constant and fragm.ntation acceleration m.st be taken into account to elucidate hidden dam.ge in the DNA m.lecule.

关键词： Colloid centrifugation Dynam.cs Fine-tuning m.them.tical m.dels Sperm.DNA fragm.ntation

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肝细胞癌患者的症状和症状群及常用工具的整合性综述（英文）

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2024年第1期 66-75+159页

作者： Thitiporn Pathom.aruwat Yaowarat m.tchim.jane m.Arm.r Research Unit in Palliative Care for Adults and Older Adults Faculty of Nursing Thammasat University m. Sinclair School of Nursing University of Missouri

目的综合现有知识,识别肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinom., HCC)患者的症状和症状群,以及相关评估工具,以最大限度地改善症状管理。方法采用Whittem.re和Knafl提出的整合性综述方法框架,在Pubm.d、ScienceDirect、Scopus、CINAHL和Th... 详细信息

目的综合现有知识,识别肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinom., HCC)患者的症状和症状群,以及相关评估工具,以最大限度地改善症状管理。方法采用Whittem.re和Knafl提出的整合性综述方法框架,在Pubm.d、ScienceDirect、Scopus、CINAHL和ThaiJO等数据库中对文献进行系统检索。检索文献发表时间限定为2005年—2022年,仅纳入经过同行评审及有英文摘要的文献。由2名研究员独立进行文献的筛选、提取和分析。结果共纳入14篇文献。分为3个主题:HCC患者的症状、症状评估和症状群。疲劳、乏力、胃痛或腹痛/腹胀、食欲不振、味觉改变、睡眠障碍、苦恼和悲伤是HCC患者最常见的症状。患者症状与肿瘤分期和治疗方法有关。常用的症状评估工具包括5种类型:HCC特异性症状评估、癌症一般症状评估、非症状构念测量、特定症状(如疲劳、睡眠障碍、焦虑和抑郁)测量及结合临床检查的症状评估等5种。HCC患者的症状群分为5类:疼痛相关症状、胃肠道症状、神经心理症状和感觉症状、肝功能异常相关症状及其他。结论该综述对HCC患者症状、症状评估和症状群相关知识进行了综合。尽管目前有多种评估工具,但没有一种能涵盖HCC患者的所有症状。建议今后的研究纳入更大的同质化的样本,以便更准确地评估测量工具的效能,避免在将症状分类为症状群时出现歧义,提高症状管理的有效性。

关键词：肝细胞癌肝癌综述症状评估症状群

Storylines of fam.ly m.dicine Ⅴ:ways of thinking—honing the therapeutic self

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Fam.ly m.dicine and Com.unity Health 2024年第S3期12卷 43-51页

作者： William.B Ventres Leslie A Stone Johanna F Shapiro Cynthia Haq Jéssica R B Leao Donald E Nease Jr Liz Grant Stewart W m.rcer John C m.Gillies Pablo González Blasco m.ria Auxiliadora C De Benedetto Graziela m.reto m.rcelo R Levites Jennifer E DeVoe William.R Phillips jane m.Uygur Thom.s R Egnew Colette S Stanley Fam.ly and Preventive m.dicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Fam.ly m.dicine University of California Irvine School of MedicineIrvineCaliforniaUSA Faculty of m.dicine University of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Fam.ly m.dicine University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus School of MedicineAuroraColoradoUSA Usher Institute Edinburgh Medical SchoolUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK SOBRAm.A-m.dical Education and Hum.nism Sao PauloBrazil Fam.ly m.dicine Oregon Health&Science University School of MedicinePortlandOregonUSA Fam.ly m.dicine University of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWashingtonUSA General Practice Royal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublinIreland General Internal m.dicine Geriatrics&Palliative MedicineTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA

Storylines of Fam.ly m.dicine is a 12-part series of them.tically linked essays with accom.anying illustrations that explore the m.ny dim.nsions of fam.ly m.dicine,as interpreted by individual fam.ly physicians and m.dical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the ***‘Ⅴ:ways of thinking—honing the therapeutic self’,authors present the following sections:‘Reflective practice in action’,‘The doctor as drug—Balint groups’,‘Cultivating com.assion’,‘Towards a hum.nistic approach to doctoring’,‘Intim.cy in fam.ly m.dicine’,‘The m.ny faces of suffering’,‘Transcending suffering’and‘The power of listening to stories.’m.y readers feel a deeper sense of their own therapeutic agency by reflecting on these essays.

关键词： illustration dim.nsions suffering