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Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma associated with hepatitis C genotype 3 infection:A systematic review

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1596-1612页

作者： Hamzah Z Farooq Michael James jane Abbott Patrick Oyibo Pip Divall Naheed Choudhry Graham R Foster Blizard Institute Queen Mary University of LondonLondon E12ATUnited Kingdom School of Health and Psychological Sciences University of LondonLondon EC1V 0HBUnited Kingdom University Hospitals of Leicester Library University Hospitals of Leicester NHS TrustLeicester LE39QPUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus(HCV)is a blood-borne virus which globally affects around 79 million people and is associated with high morbidity and mortality.Chronic infection leads to cirrhosis in a large proportion of patients and often causes hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in people with cirrhosis.Of the 6 HCV genotypes(G1-G6),genotype-3 accounts for 17.9%of infections.HCV genotype-3 responds least well to directly-acting antivirals and patients with genotype-3 infection are at increased risk of HCC even if they do not have cirrhosis.AIM To systematically review and critically appraise all risk factors for HCC secondary to HCV-G3 in all settings.Consequently,we studied possible risk factors for HCC due to HCV-G3 in the literature from 1946 to 2023.MeTHODS This systematic review aimed to synthesise existing and published studies of risk factors for HCC secondary to HCV genotype-3 and evaluate their strengths and limitations.We searched Web of Science,Medline,eMBASe,and CeNTRAL for publications reporting risk factors for HCC due to HCV genotype-3 in all settings,1946-2023.ReSULTS Four thousand one hundred and forty-four records were identified from the four databases with 260 records removed as duplicates.Three thousand eight hundred and eighty-four records were screened with 3514 excluded.Three hundred and seventy-one full-texts were assessed for eligibility with seven studies included for analysis.Of the seven studies,three studies were retrospective case-control trials,two retrospective cohort studies,one a prospective cohort study and one a cross-sectional study design.All were based in hospital settings with four in Pakistan,two in South Korea and one in the United States.The total number of participants were 9621 of which 167 developed HCC(1.7%).All seven studies found cirrhosis to be a risk factor for HCC secondary to HCV genotype-3 followed by higher age(five-studies),with two studies each showing male sex,high alpha feto-protein,directly-acting antivirals treatment and achievement of sustained virologic res

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatitis C Genotype 3 Systematic review Blood-borne viruses Liver cancer

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Data,digital worlds,and the avatarization of health care

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Global Health Journal 2024年第1期8卷 1-3页

作者： jane Thomason Industry Associate Centre for Blockchain TechnologiesUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUnited Kingdom

Significant technological trends are impacting health care,from consumerisation,datafication,circular economy,and platformization of services.Web 3.0,or the Internet of Value,enables direct peer-to-peer value exchange,opening up new business models that will impact health care.Among the many technologies that will also be part of the healthcare transformation is artificial intelligence,which shocked the world with the debut of ChatGPT in 2022.This opinion piece will explore how AI underpins the health transformation and,far from being an enemy of health,is the critical friend health care has been waiting for.

关键词： Avatarization Artificial intelligence Big Tech ChatGPT Consumerization 5G Healthcare

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environmental and Climate Justice in Palestine

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第2期13卷 251-280页

作者： Jad Isaac jane Hilal Applied Research Institute-Jerusalem (ARIJ) Society Bethlehem Palestine Water and enviromenat Department Applied Research Institute-Jerusalem Society (ARIJ) Society Bethlehem Palestine

To have a clean, safe, and functional environment is not only essential for the purpose of preservation, but also imperative for safeguarding the most fundamental of human rights. Resolution 45/94 of the United Nations (UN) General Assembly also stresses and acknowledges that: “all individuals are entitled to live in an environment adequate for their health and wellbeing” (United Nations Digital Library System, 1991). environmental and climate justice, which: “emerged in the context of the local environmental struggles of directly oppressed groups”, is a global movement dedicated to ensuring equal protection of people’s human rights (i.e., water, health, life, etc.) in the face of the climate crisis. Moreover, health, environment and human rights are part of the 2030 agenda (in particular, SDG 1, SDG 5, SDG 6, SDG 7, SDG 13, SDG 16, SDG 17). Individually, both environmental and climate justice are rooted in an intersectional outlook, by which they highlight the common threads between communities and the people’s inclusion, irrespective of race, class, or gender, in the pursuit of justice. On the other hand, they recognise and acknowledge the role and consequences of climate change in economic, social, and political dimensions;thus, drawing emphasis on the rights of people under the emerging inequities. In the case of Palestine, the Palestinian community is increasingly becoming vulnerable to these effects and the resulting inequalities of climate change. This vulnerability stems from: 1) The right to life;clean WASH;equitable work opportunities;access to resources;and free movement;are all examples of human rights that the Israeli colonial regime infringes upon;2) Infrastructure is essential for climate adaptation: 61% of the West Bank is ultimately barred from building infrastructure (B’Tselem, 2019) and Gaza Strip has major gaps in infrastructure due to intentional destruction by Israel;3) Palestinian deprivation of the sovereign right to natural resources by Israel;4) Apartheid system in water accessibility: I

关键词： environmental Degradation Climate Change environmental and Climate Justice Human Rights Causes and Solution

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High levels of psychosocial distress among Australian frontline healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross- sectional survey

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General Psychiatry 2021年第5期34卷 31-41,I0006-I0025页

作者： Natasha Smallwood Leila Karimi Marie Bismark Mark Putland Douglas Johnson Shyamali Chandrika Dharmage elizabeth Barson Nicola Atkin Claire Long Irene Ng Anne Holland jane e munro Irani Thevarajan Cara Moore Anthony McGillion Debra Sandford Karen Willis Department of Respiratory Medicine Alfred HospitalPrahranVictoriaAustralia Department of Allergy Immunology and Respiratory MedicineCentral Clinical SchoolAlfred HospitalMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia School of Psychology and Public Health La Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia School of Medicine and Healthcare Management Caucasus UniversityTbilisiGeorgia Department of Psychiatry The Royal Melbourne HospitalParkvilleVictoriaAustralia Department of Public Health Law Melbourne School of Population and Global HealthThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia Department of emergency Services The Royal Melbourne HospitalParkvilleVictoriaAustralia Department of Critical Care Faculty of MedicineDentistry and Health SciencesThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia Departments of General Medicine and Infectious Diseases The Royal Melbourne HospitalParkvilleVictoriaAustralia Department of Medicine The Royal Melbourne HospitalThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia Allergy and Lung Health Unit School of Population and Global HealthThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia Department of Allied Health The Royal Melbourne HospitalParkvilleVictoriaAustralia Parkville Integrated Palliative Care Service The Royal Melbourne HospitalParkvilleVictoriaAustralia Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology The University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia Department of Geriatric Medicine Western HealthFootscrayVictoriaAustralia Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management The Royal Melbourne HospitalParkvilleVictoriaAustralia Centre for Integrated Critical Care Melbourne Medical SchoolThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia Department of Physiotherapy Alfred HealthMelbourneVictoriaAustralia Rheumatology Unit Royal Children's HospitalParkvilleVictoriaAustralia Arthritis and Rheumatology Murdoch Children's Research InstituteParkvilleVictoriaAustralia Department of Infectious Diseases T

Background The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has had a profound and prolonged impact on healthcare services and healthcare workers.Aims The Australian COVID-19 Frontline Healthcare Workers Study aimed to investigate the severity and prevalence of mental health issues,as well as the social,workplace and financial disruptions experienced by Australian healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods A nationwide,voluntary,anonymous,single timepoint,online survey was conducted between 27 August and 23 October 2020.Individuals self-identifying as frontline healthcare workers in secondary or primary care were invited to participate.Participants were recruited through health organisations,professional associations or colleges,universities,government contacts and national media.Demographics,home and work situation,health and psychological well-being data were collected.Results A total of 9518 survey responses were received;of the 9518 participants,7846(82.4%)participants reported complete data.With regard to age,4110(52.4%)participants were younger than 40 years;6344(80.9%)participants were women.Participants were nurses(n=3088,39.4%),doctors(n=2436,31.1%),allied health staff(n=1314,16.7%)or in other roles(n=523,6.7%).In addition,1250(15.9%)participants worked in primary care.Objectively measured mental health symptoms were common:mild to severe anxiety(n=4694,59.8%),moderate to severe burnout(n=5458,70.9%)and mild to severe depression(n=4495,57.3%).Participants were highly resilient(mean(SD)=3.2(0.66)).Predictors for worse outcomes on all scales included female gender;younger age;pre-existing psychiatric condition;experiencing relationship problems;nursing,allied health or other roles;frontline area;being worried about being blamed by colleagues and working with patients with COVID-19.Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with significant mental health symptoms in frontline healthcare workers.Crisis preparedness together with policies and practices addressing psychological well-being are n

关键词： distress nurse workers

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exercise-based real-time telerehabilitation for older patients recently discharged after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: An extended feasibility study

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2023年第11期20卷 767-778页

作者： Barbara Cristina Brocki Jan Jesper Andreasen Jens Aarøe jane Andreasen Charlotte B Thorup Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy Aalborg University HospitalDenmark Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Aalborg University Hospital and Clinical InstituteAalborg UniversityDenmark Department of Cardiology Aalborg University HospitalDenmark Public Health and epidemiology Group HealthScience and TechnologyAalborg UniversityDenmark Research Center of Health and Applied Technology University College Northern DenmarkDenmark

OBJeCTIVeS To assess the extended feasibility of a telerehabilitation program and its effects on physical performance in older adults who have recently undergone transcatheter aortic valve implantation(TAVI).MeTHODS In this single-center feasibility study, patients underwent an eight-week telerehabilitation program, involving webbased home exercise training twice weekly, an activity tracker, access to an informative website, and one online session with a nurse, starting one-week postoperative. Data collection was performed before surgery and three months postoperative. The feasibility of the intervention was based on recruitment and adherence to the program. As a secondary outcome, we evaluated the change in six-minute walk distance from before surgery to three months postoperative.ReSULTS Forty-one patients scheduled for TAVI were assessed for eligibility;15 patients(37%) were enrolled. Of these, eight were excluded after surgery due to tiredness(n = 2), non-cardiac related hospital readmission(n = 2), fluctuating health(n = 1),death during hospital stay(n = 1), and reduced cognition(n = 2). Seven patients completed the eight-week web-based intervention and were evaluated three months postoperative. Their median(IQR) age was 83 [81, 87] years, and the sample comprised three men and four women. Their walked distance improved from median(IQR) 262 [199, 463] before surgery, to 381 [267, 521]meters three months postoperative. No adverse events were reported.CONCLUSION Web-based telerehabilitation, including supervised exercise training, in older adults who have recently undergone TAVI was feasible for a small number of patients who completed the eight-week intervention. This was reflected in an improvement in their walked distance three months after the surgery. However, the low recruitment and retention rates do question the overall feasibility of this intervention in a frail, older population of post-TAVI patients.

关键词： patients nurse implantation

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Benefits Realization Management of Computer Vision in Construction:A Missed,Yet Not Lost,Opportunity

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engineering 2023年第8期27卷 11-13页

作者： Peter e.D.Love jane Matthews Weili Fang Hanbin Luo School of Civil and Mechanical engineering Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia b School of Architecture and Built environment Deakin University Geelong Waterfront CampusGeelongVIC 3220Australia Department of Civil and Building Systems Technische Universität BerlinBerlin 13156Germany National Center of Technology Innovation for Digital Construction Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Civil engineering and Mechanics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

1.Introduction While the applications of computer visions are varied in construction,research has tended to focus on measuring the accuracy of object detectors such as faster region-based-convolution neural networks(Faster R-CNN)and single shot detector algorithms(SDD)[1].Limited,if any,attention has focused on determining the benefits of such technology in construction beyond the claims that it can help detect problems quickly and accurately.Reinforcing this point are the numerous review papers that have frequented the literature[2,3].

关键词： faster Management benefits

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Spatial analysis of the osteoarthritis microenvironment: techniques, insights, and applications

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 1-19页

作者： Xiwei Fan Antonia Rujia Sun Reuben S.e.Young Isaac O.Afara Brett R.Hamilton Louis Jun Ye Ong Ross Crawford Indira Prasadam Centre for Biomedical Technologies Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia School of Mechanical Medical&Process EngineeringQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia Central Analytical Research Facility Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia Molecular Horizons University of WollongongWollongongNSWAustralia Department of Technical Physics University of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland School of electrical engineering and Computer Science Faculty of EngineeringArchitecture and Information TechnologyUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia The Prince Charles Hospital BrisbaneQLDAustralia

Osteoarthritis(OA)is a debilitating degenerative disease affecting multiple joint tissues,including cartilage,bone,synovium,and adipose tissues.OA presents diverse clinical phenotypes and distinct molecular endotypes,including inflammatory,metabolic,mechanical,genetic,and synovial variants.Consequently,innovative technologies are needed to support the development of effective diagnostic and precision therapeutic approaches.Traditional analysis of bulk OA tissue extracts has limitations due to technical constraints,causing challenges in the differentiation between various physiological and pathological phenotypes in joint tissues.This issue has led to standardization difficulties and hindered the success of clinical trials.Gaining insights into the spatial variations of the cellular and molecular structures in OA tissues,encompassing DNA,RNA,metabolites,and proteins,as well as their chemical properties,elemental composition,and mechanical attributes,can contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the disease subtypes.Spatially resolved biology enables biologists to investigate cells within the context of their tissue microenvironment,providing a more holistic view of cellular function.Recent advances in innovative spatial biology techniques now allow intact tissue sections to be examined using various-omics lenses,such as genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,and metabolomics,with spatial data.This fusion of approaches provides researchers with critical insights into the molecular composition and functions of the cells and tissues at precise spatial coordinates.Furthermore,advanced imaging techniques,including high-resolution microscopy,hyperspectral imaging,and mass spectrometry imaging,enable the visualization and analysis of the spatial distribution of biomolecules,cells,and tissues.Linking these molecular imaging outputs to conventional tissue histology can facilitate a more comprehensive characterization of disease phenotypes.This review summarizes the recent advancements in the molecular imaging modali

关键词： insight Spatial enable

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State of Science:Why Does Rework Occur in Construction?What Are Its Consequences?And What Can be Done to Mitigate Its Occurrence?

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engineering 2022年第11期18卷 246-258页

作者： Peter e.D.Love jane Matthews Michael C.P.Sing Stuart R.Porter Weili Fang School of Civil and Mechanical engineering Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia School of Architecture and Built environment Deakin University Geelong Waterfront CampusGeelongVIC 3220Australia School of Architecture and Built environment The University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Department of Civil and Building Systems Technische Universität BerlinBerlin 13156Germany

There has been a wealth of research that has examined the nature of rework in construction.Progress toward addressing the rework problem has been limited-it still plagues practice,adversely impacting a project’s performance.Almost all rework studies have focused on determining its proximal or root causes and therefore have overlooked the conditions that result from its manifestation.In filling this void,this paper draws upon our previous empirical studies,amongst others,to provide a much-needed theoretical framing to understand better why rework occurs,what its consequences are,and how it can be mitigated during construction.The theoretical framing we derive from our review provides construction organizations and their projects with a realization that the journey to mitigating rework begins with creating an error-mastery culture comprising authentic leadership,psychological safety,an errormanagement orientation,and resilience.We suggest that,once an error-mastery culture is established within construction organizations and their projects,they will be better positioned to realize the benefits of the techniques,tools,and technologies espoused to address rework,such as the Last Planner® and building information modeling.We also provide directions for future research and identify implications for practice so that strides toward rework mitigation in construction can be made.

关键词： Construction errors error-mastery culture Pathogens Rework Violations

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Neuronal guidance genes in health and diseases

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Protein & Cell 2023年第4期14卷 238-261页

作者： Junichi Yuasa-Kawada Mariko Kinoshita-Kawada Yoshio Tsuboi jane Y.Wu Department of Neurology Fukuoka University7.451 NanakumaJohnan.kuFukuoka 814-0180Japan Department of Neurology Center for Genetic MedicineLurie Cancer CenterNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineWard Building Box 6117303E.Chicago AvenueChicagoIlinois 60611.USA

Neurons migrate from their birthplaces to the destinations,and extending axons navigate to their synaptic targets by sensing various extracellular cues in spatiotemporally controlled manners.These evolutionally conserved guidance cues and their receptors regulate multiple aspects of neural development to establish the highly complex nervous system by mediating both short-and long-range cell-cell communications.Neuronal guidance genes(encoding cues,receptors,or downstream signal transducers)are critical not only for development of the nervous system but also for synaptic maintenance,remodeling,and function in the adult brain.One emerging theme is the combinatorial and complementary functions of relatively limited classes of neuronal guidance genes in multiple processes,including neuronal migration,axonal guidance,synaptogenesis,and circuit formation.Importantly,neuronal guidance genes also regulate cell migration and cell-cell communications outside the nervous system.We are just beginning to understand how cells integrate multiple guidance and adhesion signaling inputs to determine overall cellular/subcellular behavior and how aberrant guidance signaling in various cell types contributes to diverse human diseases,ranging from developmental,neuropsychiatric,and neurodegenerative disorders to cancer metastasis.We review classic studies and recent advances in understanding signaling mechanisms of the guidance genes as well as their roles in human diseases.Furthermore,we discuss the remaining chalienges and therapeutic potentials of modulating neuronal guidance pathways in neural repair.

关键词： axon guidance neuronal migration synaptogenesis neural circuit formation neural mapping cell-cell communications angiogenesis organogenesis cancermetastasis

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Trimodality treatment in gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancers:Current approach and future perspectives

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第1期14卷 181-202页

作者： Nikolaos Charalampakis Sergios Tsakatikas Dimitrios Schizas Stylianos Kykalos Maria Tolia Rodanthi Fioretzaki Georgios Papageorgiou Ioannis Katsaros Ahmed Adel Fouad Abdelhakeem Matheus Sewastjanow-Silva jane e Rogers Jaffer A Ajani Department of Medical Oncology Metaxa Cancer Hospital of PiraeusPiraeus 18537Greece TheFirst Department of Surgery National and Kapodistrian University of AthensLaikon General HospitalAthens 11527Greece TheSecond Propedeutic Department of Surgery National and Kapodistrian University of AthensLaikon General HospitalAthens 11527Greece Department of Radiation Oncology University Hospital of CreteHeraklion 71110Greece Department of General Surgery Metaxa Cancer Hospital of PiraeusPiraeus 18537Greece Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030United States

Gastric and gastroesophageal junction(GeJ)cancers represent an aggressive group of malignancies with poor prognosis even when diagnosed in relatively early stage,with an increasing incidence both in Asia and in Western countries.These cancers are characterized by heterogeneity as a result of different pathogenetic mechanisms as shown in recent molecular analyses.Accordingly,the understanding of phenotypic and genotypic correlations/classifications has been improved.Current therapeutic strategies have also advanced and moved beyond surgical extirpation alone,with the incorporation of other treatment modalities,such as radiation and chemotherapy(including biologics).Chemoradiotherapy has been used as postoperative treatment after suboptimal gastrectomy to ensure local disease control but also improvement in survival.Preoperative chemoradiotherapy/chemotherapy has been employed to increase the chance of a successful R0 resection and pathologic complete response rate,which is associated with improved long-term outcomes.Several studies have defined various chemotherapy regimens to accompany radiation(before and after surgery).Recently,addition of immunotherapy after trimodality of gastroesophageal cancer has produced an advantage in disease-free interval.Targeted agents used in the metastatic setting are being investigated in the early setting with mixed results.The aim of this review is to summarize the existing data on trimodality approaches for gastric and GeJ cancers,highlight the remaining questions and present the current research effort addressing them.

关键词： Gastric cancer Gastroesophageal junction cancer Trimodality treatment Chemoradiotherapy Surgery Immunotherapy

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