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The contribution of the European Society for Soil conservation (ESSc) to scientific knowledge, education and sustainability

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International Soil and Water conservation Research 2019年第1期7卷 102-107页

作者： carmelo Dazzi Wim comelis Edoardo A.c.costantini Mihail Dumitru Michael A.Fullen Donald Gabriels Raimonds Kasparinskis Adam Kertész Giuseppe Lo Papa Guenola Pérès jane Rickson JoséL.Rubio Thomas Sholten Sid Theocharopoulos Ivan Vasenev Department of Agricultural Food and Forest SciencesUniversity of PalermoItaly Department of Environment University of GhentBelgium cREA-AA Research centre for Agriculture and Environment Firenze/FlorenceItaly Institute for Soil Science Agrochemistry&Environment Protection ICPA BucharestRomania Faculty of Science and Engineering The University of WolverhamptonWV1 1LYUK UNEScO chair on Eremology Faculty of Biosciences EngineeringGhent UniversityBelgium University of Latvia Faculty of Geography and Earth SciencesRigaLatvia Geographical Institute Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth SciencesHungarian Academy of SciencesBudapestHungary UMR SAS INRA Agrocampus 65 rue de Saint BrieucRennesFrance cranfield Soil and AgriFood Institute Cranfield UniversityCranfieldUK IDE-cSIc ctra Moncada-Naquera km 4.546113 MoncadaValenciaSpain Department of Geosciences Soil Science and GeomorphologyUniversity of TübingenGermany Hao-Demeter Institute of Soil and Water Resources14123 AthensGreece Ecology Department Russian State Agrarian UniversityTimiryazev Agricultural AcademyMoscowRussia

Soil is an integral component of the global environmental system which supports the quality and diversity of terrestrial life on ***,it is vital to consider the processes and impacts of soil degradation on society,especially on the provision of environmental goods and services,including food security and climate change mitigation and *** societies devoted to soil science play significant roles in reducing soil degradation and promoting soil conservation by advancing scientificknowledge,education and environmental *** ESSc was founded on 4 November 1988,with the aims to:*** research on soil degradation,soil protection and soil and water *** a network for the exchange of knowledge about soil degradation processes and soil conservation research and *** publications on major issues relating to soil degradation and soil and water *** regulators and policy-makers on soil issues,especially soil degradation,protection and *** societal challenges that can be addressed through better soil protection,advancing knowledge and scientific approaches to soil protection and sustainable management,mean the ESSc embraces the on-going development,application,review and constructive criticism of highly innovative scientific soil conservation methods,In this context,the ESSc analyses and publicizes the roles and functions of soil in natural and human-modified systems and the functional optimization of soils to ensure sustainable environmental protection.'The thin layer of soil that forms a patchy covering over the continents controls our awn existence and that of every other animal of the land' (Rachel carson (1962) in'Silent Spring).

关键词： Soil degradation Soil education Soil functions Soil health Soil knowledge

Genetic polymorphisms predict response to anti-tumor necrosis factor treatment in crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第27期23卷 4958-4967页

作者： Uri Netz jane Victoria carter Maurice Robert Eichenberger Gerald Wayne Dryden Jianmin Pan Shesh Nath Rai Susan Galandiuk Price Institute of Surgical Research the Hiram C.Polk Jr.MD Department of SurgeryUniversity of Louisville School of Medicine Department of Surgery A Soroka University Medical Center Faculty of Health Sciences Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Department of Medicine Division of GastroenterologyHepatology and Nutrition University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics University of Louisville School of Public Health and Information Sciences

To investigate genetic factors that might help define which crohn’s disease (cD) patients are likely to benefit from anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy. METHODSThis was a prospective cohort study. Patients were recruited from a university digestive disease practice database. We included cD patients who received anti-TNF therapy, had available medical records (with information on treatment duration and efficacy) and who consented to participation. Patients with allergic reactions were excluded. Patients were grouped as ever-responders or non-responders. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood, and 7 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were assessed. The main outcome measure (following exposure to the drug) was response to therapy. The patient genotypes were assessed as the predictors of outcome. Possible confounders and effect modifiers included age, gender, race, and socioeconomic status disease, as well as disease characteristics (such as Montreal criteria). RESULTS121 patients were included. Twenty-one were non-responders, and 100 were ever-responders. Fas ligand SNP (rs763110) genotype frequencies, TNF gene -308 SNP (rs1800629) genotype frequencies, and their combination, were significantly different between groups on multivariable analysis controlling for Montreal disease behavior and perianal disease. The odds of a patient with a Fas ligand cc genotype being a non-responder were four-fold higher as compared to a Tc or TT genotype (P = 0.009, OR = 4.30, 95%cI: 1.45-12.80). The presence of the A (minor) TNF gene -308 allele correlated with three-fold higher odds of being a non-responder (P = 0.049, OR = 2.88, 95%cI: 1.01-8.22). Patients with the combination of the Fas ligand cc genotype and the TNF -308 A allele had nearly five-fold higher odds of being a non-responder (P = 0.015, OR = 4.76, 95%cI: 1.35-16.77). No difference was seen for the remaining SNPs. cONcLUSIONThe Fas-ligand SNP and TNF gene -308 SNP are associated with anti-TNF treatment

关键词： Anti-tumor necrosis factor Fas ligand Antibody Response crohn’s disease Single nucleotide polymorphisms Genotype Tumor necrosis factor gene

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多镜面望远镜:过去、现在和将来

天文学进展 1989年第2期7卷 132-139页

作者： jane.,cc 朱能鸿美国阿利桑那大学多镜面望远镜天文台

本文阐述了多镜面望远镜(MMT)的发展简史、望远镜的功能和在望远镜上使用的终端仪器。还包括了望远镜的使用讯息、天气条件以及将来的计划。

关键词：镜面望远镜天文望远镜

Systemic therapy without radiation may be appropriate as neoadjuvant therapy for localized pancreas cancer

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第3期9卷 296-303页

作者： Scott Kizy Ariella M.Altman Keith M.Wirth Schelomo Marmor jane Y.c.Hui Todd M.Tuttle Emil Lou Khalid Amin Jason W.Denbo Eric H.Jensen Division of Surgical Oncology Department of SurgeryUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA Division of Hematology and Oncology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA

Background:The utility of neoadjuvant treatment for resectable pancreas cancer is yet to be determined,but has commonly included *** evaluated outcomes in patients with radiographically resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy without ***:A retrospective review of patients in our institutional pancreatic cancer registry was performed,which identified 36 patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone for resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma between 2012 and ***:Median age at diagnosis was 66.3 *** regimens included gemcitabine(n=17),gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel(n=8),or 5-FU/leucovorin/irinotecan/oxaliplatin(FOLFIRINOX)(n=11).Surgical resection was performed in 69%of patients(n=25),with an R0 resection rate of 92%(n=23 patients).During chemotherapy,distant disease became apparent in 19%of patients(n=7),while no patients had evidence of local *** rates were similar between chemotherapy regimens(single agent=59%,multiple agent=79%).Median overall survival for all patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 30.3 and 34.4 months for those who underwent surgical *** was no difference in median survival for patients treated with gemcitabine(31.3 months)or multi-agent chemotherapy(29.7 months).conclusions:A short course of neoadjuvant chemotherapy without chemoradiation may improve patient selection prior to surgical resection for pancreas ***,local disease progression did not limit surgical resection in this small series.

关键词： Pancreatic adenocarcinoma chemotherapy survival neoadjuvant chemotherapy resection

Prospective single-blinded single-center randomized controlled trial of Prep Kit-c and Moviprep:Does underlying inflammatory bowel disease impact tolerability and efficacy?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第11期27卷 1090-1100页

作者： Waled Mohsen Astrid-jane Williams Gabrielle Wark Alexandra Sechi Jenn-Hian Koo Wei Xuan Milan Bassan Watson Ng Susan connor Department of Digestive Diseases Gold Coast University HospitalGold Coast4215QueenslandAustralia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Liverpool HospitalSydney 2170New South WalesAustralia South West Sydney clinical School University of New South WalesSydney 2170New South WalesAustralia Ingham Institute Applied Medical Research Sydney 2170New South WalesAustralia

BAcKGROUND colonoscopy remains the gold standard for detection of colonic *** optimal evaluation depends on adequate bowel *** with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),require frequent endoscopic assessment for both activity and dysplasia *** commonly used bowel preparations in Australia are Prep Kit-c(Pc)and Moviprep(Mp).Little is known about tolerability,efficacy and safety of split protocols of Mp and Pc in both IBD and non-IBD *** To primary aim was to compare the tolerability,efficacy and safety of split protocols of Mp and Pc in patients having a *** secondary aim was to compare the efficacy,tolerability and safety of either preparation in patients with or without *** Patients were randomized to Pc or Mp bowel *** completed a questionnaire to assess *** was assessed using the Ottawa Bowel Preparation *** electrolytes and renal function were collected one week prior to colonoscopy and on the day of *** Of 338 patients met the inclusion *** 168 patients randomized to Mp and 170 to *** efficacy of bowel preparation(mean Ottawa Bowel Preparation Score)was similar between Mp(5.4±2.4)and Pc(5.1±2.1)(P=0.3).Mean tolerability scores were similar in Mp(11.84±5.4)and Pc(10.99±5.2;P=0.17).125 patients had IBD(73 had crohn’s Disease and 52 had Ulcerative colitis).Sixtyfour IBD patients were allocated to Mp and 61 to *** non-IBD patients,104 were allocated to Mp and 109 to *** mean tolerability score in the IBD group was lower than the non-IBD group(mean tolerability scores:IBD:10.3±5.1 and non-IBD:12.0±5.3;P=0.01).IBD patients described more abdominal pain with Mp when compared with Pc;(Mp:5.7±4.4 vs Pc:3.6±2.6,P=0.046).Serum magnesium level increased with Pc compared with Mp in all patients(mean increase in mmol/L:Mp:0.03±0.117 and Pc:0.11±0.106;PcONcLUSION In this study,the efficacy,tolerability and safety of Mp and Pc were simila

关键词： Bowel preparation Inflammatory bowel disease Tolerability Efficacy Moviprep Prep Kit-c

A vaccination model for cOVID-19 in Gauteng,South Africa

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2022年第3期7卷 333-345页

作者： christina J.Edholm Benjamin Levy Lee Spence Folashade B.Agusto Faraimunashe chirove c.Williams chukwu David Goldsman Moatlhodi Kgosimore Innocent Maposa K.A.jane White Suzanne Lenhart Department of Mathematics Scripps CollegeClaremontCAUSA Mathematics Department Fitchburg State UniversityFitchburgMAUSA Department of Mathematics University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTNUSA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of KansasLawrenceKSUSA Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics University of JohannesburgSouth Africa H.Milton Stewart School of Industrial and Systems Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA Biometry and Mathematics Department Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesGaboroneBotswana Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa Department of Mathematical Sciences University of BathBathUK

The cOVID-19 pandemic provides an opportunity to explore the impact of government mandates on movement restrictions and non-pharmaceutical interventions on a novel infection,and we investigate these strategies in early-stage outbreak *** rate of disease spread in South Africa varied over time as individuals changed behavior in response to the ongoing pandemic and to changing government *** a system of ordinary differential equations,we model the outbreak in the province of Gauteng,assuming that several parameters vary over *** data from the time period before vaccination gives the approximate dates of parameter changes,and those dates are linked to government *** parameters are then estimated from available case data and used to assess the impact of each *** forward in time,possible scenarios give projections involving the implementation of two different vaccines at varying *** results quantify the impact of different government policies and demonstrate how vaccinations can alter infection spread.

关键词： cOVID-19 Gauteng South Africa ODE epidemiology Model Vaccination Parameter estimation

Enhanced data and methods for improving open and free global population grids:putting‘leaving noonebehind’into practice

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第1期13卷 61-77页

作者： Sergio Freire Marcello Schiavina Aneta J.Florczyk Kytt MacManus Martino Pesaresi christina corbane Olena Borkovska jane Mills Linda Pistolesi John Squires Richard Sliuzas European commission Joint Research Centre(JRC)IspraItaly Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation(ITc) University of TwenteEnschedeNetherlands columbia University cIESIN Geoscience PalisadesNYUSA

Data on global population distribution are a strategic resource currently in high demand in an age of new Development Agendas that call for universal inclusiveness of ***,quality,detail,and age of census data varies significantly by country and suffers from shortcomings that propagate to derived population grids and their *** this work,the improved capabilities of recent remote sensing-derived global settlement data to detect and mitigate major discrepancies with census data is *** layers mapping builtup presence were used to revise census units deemed as‘unpopulated’and to harmonize population distribution along *** procedures to detect and mitigate these anomalies,while minimizing changes to census geometry,preserving the regional distribution of population,and the overall counts were developed,tested,and *** two procedures employed for the detection of deficiencies in global census data obtained high rates of true positives,after verification and *** also show that the targeted anomalies were significantly mitigated and are encouraging for further uses of free and open geospatial data derived from remote sensing in complementing and improving conventional sources of fundamental population statistics.

关键词： Population statistics census built-up areas GPW GHSL

conversion of Australian Food composition Data from AUSNUT1999 to 2007 in the clinical Trial context

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Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2012年第2期2卷 65-71页

作者： Elizabeth R Neale Yasmine c. Probst Rebecca Thome Qingsheng Zhang jane O＇ Shea Marijka J.Batterham Linda c. Tapsell Smart Foods centre University of Wollongong New South Wales 2522 Australia Statistical consulting Service University of Wollongong New South Wales 2522 Australia

An Australian food composition database, AUSNUT1999, does not include long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid （Lc omega-3 PUFA） data. Measurement of the fatty acid content of diets initially analysed using AUSNUT1999 requires conversion to AUSNUT2007, an updated database inclusive of Lc omega-3 PUFA. The aim of this study was to convert clinical trial dietary data from AUSNUT1999 to AUSNUT2007 and measure Lc omega-3 PUFA intake. clinical trial diet history （DH） data was converted from AUSNUTI999 to 2007 using a staged approach. Macronutrient intake from AUSNUTI999 and 2007 were calculated and compared via paired t-tests and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks tests. Mean dietary Lc omega-3 PUFA intake and the percentage contribution of food groups to total Lc omega-3 PUFA were then calculated. DHs were collected at baseline （n = 118）, three months （n = 86）, and 12 months （n = 64）. The accuracy of the conversion process improved with time, with no significant difference between most macronutrients at 12 months. Mean Lc n-3 PUFA intake was 441.87 mg at baseline, 521.07 mg at 3 months, and 442.40 mg at 12 months, and was predominantly provided by fish and seafood, followed by meat products. This study allowed for the measurement of Lc omega-3 intake, which was previously impossible using the AUSNUT 1999 database.

关键词： AUSNUT1999 AUSNUT2007 long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids database conversion.

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拆除水坝还能恢复河川生态吗

资源与人居环境 2007年第15期 64-67页

作者： jane c．Marks 刘辉

全球有许多水坝面临被拆除的命运,当地河流和生态系统可望因此复原,但背后隐藏的生态问题,却已经超出科学家的掌控! 20世纪初,美国亚利桑那州沙漠中的化石溪(Fossil creek)是一条由泉水汇流成的水道,滋润了一片绿洲。这条野溪和茂盛的... 详细信息

全球有许多水坝面临被拆除的命运,当地河流和生态系统可望因此复原,但背后隐藏的生态问题,却已经超出科学家的掌控! 20世纪初,美国亚利桑那州沙漠中的化石溪(Fossil creek)是一条由泉水汇流成的水道,滋润了一片绿洲。这条野溪和茂盛的河岸生态系,吸引了鱼类和一大群无法在其它环境生存的动、植物,这条河流和周边环境也吸引着拓荒者与移民迁移至美国西南部。1916年,工程人员在化石溪兴建水坝,沿着陡峭山坡修筑渡槽,

关键词：水坝移除生态系统罗亚尔河化石淤泥碎屑沉积物鱼类水生动物