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Ethnobotanical Knowledge of Local Cassava Varieties and Characteristics Desired by Farmers in Sierra Leone

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第7期14卷 741-762页

作者： janatu veronica sesay Aiah Lebbie Richard Wadsworth Robert Tamba Michael Chakanda Sierra Leone Seed Certification Agency Tower Hill Freetown Sierra Leone Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute Freetown Sierra Leone Department of Biological Sciences School of Basic Sciences Njala University Njala Campus Sierra Leone West Africa Plant List Authority IUCN Species Survival Commission Gland Switzerland

It has been observed that farmers adopt only a small number of the “improved” cultivars. A nationwide germplasm collection exercise in February 2018 provided the opportunity to collect indigenous technical knowledge (ITK) of the diversity of cassava varieties in terms of: their morphology, growth characteristics, uses (of tubers and leaves) and desirable characteristics. The objective is to see to what extent the objectives of the plant breeders are consistent with what farmers’ value. We performed 405 structured and semi-structured interviews with informants who were selected based on “purposive household sampling”. We found a considerable turn-over in cassava varieties, just over a third (45) have been in cultivation for at least 40 years, however, since the end of the civil war an additional 25 varieties are cultivated, while others varieties seem to have disappeared. One major issue with estimating turnover of varieties is whether the same variety might have several local names, and conversely the same name may be applied to different cultivars. Farmers overwhelmingly use ITK to select and preserve cassava germplasm for future use. Farmers have a clear preference for: sweet taste, high yield, early maturity and easy cooking and preferentially adopt cultivars that have those qualities. Cassava is primarily a human food eaten boiled or fried, some are processed into fufu and gari, and uses as livestock feed and medicine are reported but at low levels. The information produced during this study could help plant breeders choose selection criteria that will ensure their efforts are adopted and sustainable, the importance of preserving the genetic resources of local cultivars is also highlighted.

关键词： Ethnobotanical-Knowledge Local Cassava Varieties Morphological Characteristics Farmers’ Criteria

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Genetic Structure and Diversity Study of Cassava (Manihot esculenta) Germplasm for African Cassava Mosaic Disease and Fresh Storage Root Yield

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Open Journal of Genetics 2023年第1期13卷 23-47页

作者： janatu veronica sesay Aiah Lebbie Richard Wadsworth Ephraim Nuwamanya Souleymane Bado Prince Emmanuel Norman Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute PMB 1313 Tower Hill Freetown Sierra Leone Department of Biological Sciences School of Environmental Sciences Njala University Njala Sierra Leone Makerere University Kampala Kampala Uganda Department of Plant Science Phytoprise GmbH DI Rudolf Schober-StraBe 4 7400 Oberwart Oberwart Austria

A better understanding of population structure and genetic diversity among cassava germplasm for African cassava mosaic disease and fresh root yield traits is useful for cassava improvement programme. Phenotype-based selection for these traits is cumbersome due to phenotypic plasticity and difficulty in screening of phenotypic-induced variations. This study assessed quantitative trait loci (QTL) regions associated with African cassava mosaic disease (ACMD) and fresh storage root yield (FSRY) in 131 cassava (Manihot esculenta) genotypes using a genome-wide association study (GWAS). The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci and associated candidate genes, when validated, would be a valuable resource for marker-assisted selection in the breeding process for development of new cassava genotypes with improved resistance to ACMD and desirable high root yield. Population structure analysis using 12,500 SNPs differentiated the 131 genotypes into five distinct sub-groups (K = 5). Marker-trait association (MTA) analysis using the generalized linear model identified two QTL regions significant for ACMD and three for FSRY. This study demonstrated that DArTseq markers are useful genomic resources for genome-wide association studies of ACMD and FSRY traits in cassava for the acceleration of varietal development and release.

关键词： Population Structure Genetic Variability GWAS SNP Markers Cassava

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Ethnobotanical Knowledge of Local Cassava Varieties and Characteristics Desired by Farmers in Sierra Leone

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American Journal of Plant Sciences（美国植物学期刊） 2023年第7期

作者： janatu veronica sesay Aiah Lebbie Richard Wadsworth Robert Tamba Michael Chakanda

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Genetic Structure and Diversity Study of Cassava (Manihot esculenta ) Germplasm for African Cassava Mosaic Disease and Fresh Storage Root Yield

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Open Journal of Genetics（遗传学期刊） 2023年第1期

作者： janatu veronica sesay Aiah Lebbie Richard Wadsworth Ephraim Nuwamanya Souleymane Bado Prince Emmanuel Norman

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Molecular characterization of an outbreak-involved Bacillus anthracis strain confirms the spillover of anthrax from West Africa

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 93-94页

作者： Shuchao Wang Roland Suluku Mohamed B.Jalloh Ahmed F.Samba Baogui Jiang Yubiao Xie Doris Harding Mengyao Zhang Foday Sahr Mahmud E.sesay James S.Squire Mohamed A.Vandi Moinina N.Kallon Shoufeng Zhang Rongliang Hu Yuee Zhao Zhiqiang Mi Changchun Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changchun China Department of Animal Sciences School of Agriculture and Food Sciences Njala University Njala Sierra Leone Department of Microbiology College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences University of Sierra Leone Freetown Sierra Leone Ministry of Agriculture and Food Sciences Freetown Sierra Leone Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology Beijing China Ministry of Health and Sanitation Freetown Sierra Leone Beijing Institute of Biotechnology Beijing China

Background Anthrax,a zoonotic disease caused by the spore-forming bacterium Bacillus anthracis,remains a major global public health concern,especially in countries with limited *** Leone,a West African country historically plagued by anthrax,has almost been out of report on this disease in recent *** this study,we described a large-scale anthrax outbreak affecting both animals and humans and attempted to characterize the *** The causative agent of the animal outbreak in Port Loko District,Sierra Leone,between March and May 2022 was identified using the nanopore sequencing technique.A nationwide active surveillance was implemented from May 2022 to June 2023 to monitor the occurrence of anthrax-specific symptoms in *** cases were subsequently verified using quantitative polymerase chain ***-genome sequencing was accomplished by combining long-read and short-read sequencing *** phylogenetic analysis was performed based on the full-chromosome single nucleotide *** The outbreak in Port Loko District,Sierra Leone,led to the death of 233 animals between March 26th and May 16th,*** ruled out the initial suspicion of Anaplasma species and successfully identified *** as the causative agent of the *** a result of the government's prompt response,out of the 49 suspected human cases identifed during the one-year active surveillance,only 6 human cases tested positive,all within the frst month after the official declaration of the *** phylogenetic analysis indicated that the BaSL2022 isolate responsible for the outbreak was positioned in the ***.153 clade within the TransEuroAsian group of *** We successfully identifed a large-scale anthrax outbreak in Sierra *** causative isolate of ***,BaSL2022,phylogenetically bridged other lineages in ***.153 clade and neighboring genetic groups,***.144 and ***.148,

关键词： Molecular identification Anthrax Bacillus anthracis Sierra Leone Phylogeny Single nucleotide polymorphism

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Factors Influencing Staff Performance in the Implementation of Project Activities in Governmental and Non-Governmental Organisations in Sierra Leone

Factors Influencing Staff Performance in the Implementation ...

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作者： Marion sesay 山东大学

学位级别：硕士

Staff performance has ’been a critical sensation and posed several challenges in competitive *** and discovering elements that constitute effective performance encompass a whole lot of issues bothering around staff *** construct of this study stemmed from experience gain from projects implementation which led to unfruitful *** study was constructed on the influential factors of staff performance in project activities in governmental and non-governmental organisations *** *** effective assembly of the structure of this study,mixed method of data collection was employed so that theories can be examined,coupled with first-hand information to establish objective *** the secondary method,information was extracted from published work,journals,books and other relevant materials that are meaningful for the construct of this *** materials were critically reviewed and thoroughly analysed to set the pace for further *** data was generated with the aid of questionnaires to obtain first-hand information from participants who availed satisfactory data that led to the discussion of *** data was analysed using cross tabulation of variables to determine percentages or respondents actions in the survey process with the aid of statistical package for social sciences（SPSS）.From the analysis conducted,relevant information disclosed how important the conduct of this study is and outlined the following factors influencing staff performance in governmental and non-governmental organisations:Training and development,coaching and mentoring,high employee engagements,financial rewards,employee satisfaction and *** aforementioned factors will aid practising project management specialists in the execution of their *** is noteworthy to know that this study is not only relevant to the case studies,but also to all sectors of development since achieving strategic objectives

关键词： Staff Performance Factors Influencing Non-Governmental Organisations Governmental Organisations Retention Mechanisms Sierra Leone

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The Impact of Distance Education Program for In-Service Teacher Development through Blended Learning——A Case Study of Teachers Training Colleges in Sierra Leone

The Impact of Distance Education Program for In-Service Teac...

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作者： Andrew sesay 浙江师范大学

学位级别：硕士

Education within the comprehensive 2030 Agenda is essentially articulated as a standalone Sustainable Development Goal（SDG 4）which aims at ensuring inclusive,quality education and lifelong learning opportunities for *** standard of any educational system largely depends on the quality of the teaching workforce in terms of academic and professional qualifications,experience as well as their competency rate and level of commitment.“Education is central to the realisation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”.Thus this research work looks at The Impact of Distance Education Program for In-service Teacher development through Blended Learning in Sierra *** is structured in five *** of the study includes: To explore the current situation of in-service teacher development through blended learning in Sierra Leone;To find out the effects of in-service teacher development program;To explore the problems and possible solutions to in-service teacher *** objectives posed questions such as:What is the current situation of in-service teacher development in Sierra Leone? What are the effects of in-service teacher development? What are the problems and possible solutions to in-service teachers’ development in Sierra Leone?.The first chapter of the dissertation accounts for: the background of the research,statement of the problem,aim and objectives,research question,significance of the study,limitations and scope of the survey and the definition of terms with the hope of surveying the usefulness of Distance Education Program for In-Service Teacher’s Development in Sierra *** second chapter is a review of past works on the research topic,using mostly online materials including books,peer review journals and reports of academic institutions and government in relation to education from different search engines and so many other credible *** three of the thesis account for the methodology used to collect primary data and ju

关键词： DISTANCE EDUCATION PROGRAM IN-SERVICE TEACHER TRAINING BLENDED LEARNING

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Adsorption Characteristics of Lignite in China

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Journal of Earth Science 2011年第3期22卷 371-376页

作者：王可新傅雪海秦勇 Santigie K sesay School of Resources & Earth Science China University of Mining & Technology Science and Technology Information Service Jiangsu Bureau of Coal Geology

To help in ascertaining methane content of lignite reservoir in China,the isothermal ad-sorption measurements of methane have been performed on moisture-equilibrated coals of some typical lignite-bearing basins,which comprise maximum reflectance of vitrinite（Ro,max） ranging from 0.24% to 0.50%.Related to other coal properties,our analysis shows that methane adsorption of lignite is mainly affected by coalification,as well as by maceral composition,moisture content,and seam *** methane capacities of moisture-equilibrated lignite coals show a continuously increasing（and reasonably exponential） trend with increasing Ro,*** adsorption capacity decreases with maceral composition besides the range 40%-60%,*** content shows discretely cor-respondence with methane *** capacity also decreases as seam temperature increases,and its reduction increases with pressure under a certain temperature.

关键词： lignite methane adsorption characteristics influencing factor.

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A Case Study of Open Pit Copper Mine Design And Optimisation

A Case Study of Open Pit Copper Mine Design And Optimisation

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作者： Felix sesay 武汉理工大学

学位级别：硕士

露天开采是剥离覆盖在矿体上面的表土和废石,同时开采矿石的过程。在开采过程中形成一定的宽度和深度的露天坑。而矿坑的最终形状是在采矿作业开始之前由矿山设计及规划者决定。但是,应该指出的矿山的最终形状因岩体及地质构造的复杂性... 详细信息

露天开采是剥离覆盖在矿体上面的表土和废石,同时开采矿石的过程。在开采过程中形成一定的宽度和深度的露天坑。而矿坑的最终形状是在采矿作业开始之前由矿山设计及规划者决定。但是,应该指出的矿山的最终形状因岩体及地质构造的复杂性、经济参数的时效多变性等而有所改变。这就使得露天矿坑的优化成为可能。为了尽量减少废石的剥离,提高资源回收率,露天坑优化已成为露天矿设计的重要组成部分。本文采用矿山应用软件Surpac建立矿山的三维地质块体模型,并在此基础上采用Whittle和Surpac进行露天坑的优化设计。优化设计的约束条件主要包括边坡几何形状、时间价值、目前的矿石市场价格和基于岩石类型不同的永久边坡角等。最后,将研究成果应用于某铜矿,结果表明,优化设计所得的露天坑是安全的、经济的,而且能满足实际生产的要求。当与没有经过优化的设计进行比较,其结果显示了优化设计的露天坑的平均剥采比得到了明显的改进。

关键词：优化剥采比块体模型露天矿设计露天矿

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A Critical Evaluation of Economic Regional Integration in West Africa(Ecowas)

A Critical Evaluation of Economic Regional Integration in We...

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作者： sesay RUTHMAYALIE CLAUDINE 山东大学

学位级别：硕士

0.1 BACKGROUND TO THE FIELD OF STUDY:Africa is one of the most exploited continents in Human and Natural *** Saharan countries in the western Africa are enveloped in this *** is as a result of African fragmentation through colonial *** colonial period had a seeming design of regional integrated spectrum in the form of British West Africa and French West *** these establishments were only a regional design to rule the region with relative *** trade of colonial partnership in West Africa left a huge gap of African development, but with the awakening consciousness of redefining it growth strategy in political, economic and cultural sphere Africans were desperate to revise the *** the 1970s almost all West African countries had achieved independence and the desire for economic growth to compete with the rest of the world becomes *** was an innate will of shaking themselves from the yoke of socio-economic *** a collaborated effort of economic African pursuit was borne the Economic Community of West African States, *** serves as a regional economic integration with a view to promoting, protecting and sustaining the economic interest of the West Africa *** May 1975, fifteen independents African states established the Economic Community of West Africa *** background of ECOWAS principally as a regional economic community though it later served as a social and military operation as *** should however be noted that this research will later unfold that a principle reason for setting a military operation in the form of ECOMOG was to protect its economic interest in the *** from ECOWAS, there are other regional grouping in both Africa and particularly so West *** include West Africa Economic Monetary Union Zone, WAEMU;Mano River Union, MRU both in West Africa and East African Community, EAC;Southern African Development Co-operation, SADC in the eastern and souther

关键词： Africa political independence union institutions migration president authority customs commission

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