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Reduced expression of Ca^(2+)-regulating proteins in the upper gastrointestinal tract of patients with achalasia

world Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第37期12卷 6002-6007页

作者： Harald Fischer Judith Fischer Peter Boknik Ulrich Gergs wilhelm Schmitz wolfram Domschke jan w konturek Joachim Neumann Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik B Universittsklinikum Mnster 48129 Mnster Germany Institut fr Pharmakologie und Toxikologie Universittsklinikum Mnster 48149 Mnster Germany Institut fr Pharmakologie und Toxikologie Martin-Luther-Universitt Halle-Wittenberg 06112 Halle (Saale) Germany Klinik fr Innere Medizin/Gastroenterologie Elbe Klinikum Stade 21682 Stade Germany

AIM: To compare expression of Ca2+-regulating proteins in upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract of achalasia patients and healthy volunteers and to elucidate their role in achalasia. METHODS: Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) isoforms 2a and 2b, phospholamban (PLB), calsequestrin (CSQ), and calreticulin (CRT) were assessed by quantitative western blotting in esophagus and heart of rats, rabbits, and humans. Furthermore, expression profi les of these proteins in biopsies of lower esophageal sphincter and esophagus from patients with achalasia and healthy volunteers were analyzed. RESULTS: SERCA 2a protein expression was much higher in human heart (cardiac ventricle) compared to esophagus. However, SERCA 2b was expressed predominantly in the esophagus. The highest CRT expression was noted in the human esophagus, while PLB, although highly expressed in the heart, was below our detection limit in upper GI tissue. Compared to healthy controls, CSQ and CRT expression in lower esophageal sphincter and distal esophageal body were signif icantly reduced in patients with achalasia (P wer expression of Ca2+ storage proteins (CSQ and CRT) might contribute to increased lower esophageal sphincter pressure in achalasia, possibly by increasing free intracellular Ca2+.

关键词： Esophageal and gastric motility Esophagus Calsequestrin Calreticulin

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Portable dielectrophoresis for biology:ADEPT facilitates cell trapping,separation,and interactions

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 193-205页

作者： Lourdes Albina Nirupa Julius Dora Akgül Gowri Krishnan Fabian Falk jan Korvink Vlad Badilita Department Institute of Microstructure TechnologyKarlsruhe Institute of TechnologyHermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen76344Baden-WürttembergGermany

Dielectrophoresis is a powerful and well-established technique that allows label-free,non-invasive manipulation of cells and particles by leveraging their electrical *** practical implementation of the associated electronics and user interface in a biology laboratory,however,requires an engineering background,thus hindering the broader adoption of the *** order to address these challenges and to bridge the gap between biologists and the engineering skills required for the implementation of DEP platforms,we report here a custom-built,compact,universal electronic platform termed ADEPT(adaptable dielectrophoresis embedded platform tool)for use with a simple microfluidic chip containing six *** versatility of the open-source platform is ensured by a custom-developed graphical user interface that permits simple reconfiguration of the control signals to address a wide-range of specific applications:(i)precision positioning of the single bacterium/cell/particle in the micrometer range;(ii)viability-based separation by achieving a 94%efficiency in separating live and dead yeast;(iii)phenotype-based separation by achieving a 96%efficiency in separating yeast and Bacillus subtilis;(iv)cell–cell interactions by steering a phagocytosis process where a granulocyte engulfs *** RGB-S ***,the set of experiments and the platform form a complete basis for a wide range of possible applications addressing various biological questions exploiting the plug-and-play design and the intuitive GUI of ADEPT.

关键词： Together separation separating

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Flat-footed Females and Missing Males:A New Genus and Species of Pleciofungivoridae(Diptera:Bibionomorpha)Represents the First Record of the Family from Mid-Cretaceous Kachin Amber

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第3期98卷 541-547页

作者： ZHANG Qingqing wiesław KRZEMINSKI jan SEVCIK Vladimir BLAGODEROV Agnieszka SOSZYNSKA Kornelia SKIBINSKA Yunnan Key Laboratory for Palaeobiology Institute of PalaeontologyYunnan UniversityKunming 650500China MEC International Joint Laboratory for Palaeobiology and Palaeoenvironment Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals Polish Academy of Sciences52551 KrakówPoland University of Ostrava Faculty of ScienceDepartment of Biology and EcologyChittussiho 10CZ-71000 OstravaCzech Republic National Museums Scotland EdinburghUK Natural History Museum LondonUK University of Lodz Faculty of Biology and Environmental ProtectionDepartment of Invertebrate Zoology and HydrobiologyBanacha 12/1690-237ŁódźPoland

A new genus and species,Cretopleciofungivora simpsoni *** ***.,from the extinct family Pleciofungivoridae(Diptera:Bibionomorpha),is discovered in mid-Cretaceous Kachin ***,this family was known only from imprints in sedimentary rocks of the Jurassic and the Lower *** of a representative of Pleciofungivoridae in Kachin amber confirms the presence of the family in the Upper *** new species has a unique structure of fore tarsus,with lobed and extended tarsal segments Ⅱ to Ⅳ,a feature hitherto known only in a few species of extant *** not particularly rare,the new species is currently known only from female *** reasons for this phenomenon,very unusual in Sciaroidea,are briefly discussed,including parthenogenesis as a potentially plausible hypothesis.

关键词： fungus gnats Sciaroidea Upper Cretaceous Burmese amber swollen tarsomeres

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Changes in the adult sex ratio of six duck species breeding populations over two decades

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 202-210页

作者： Monika Homolkova Petr Musil Diego Pavon-Jordan Dorota Gajdosova Zuzana Musilova Sarka Neuzilova jan Zouhar Department of Ecology Faculty of Environmental SciencesCzech University of Life Sciences PragueKamýcka 129CZ-16521Prague–SuchdolCzech Republic Department of Terrestrial Ecology Norwegian Institute for Nature Research(NINA)PO Box 5685 TorgardenTrondheimN-7485Norway Department of Econometrics Faculty of Informatics and StatisticsUniversity of Economicsnam.W.Churchilla 4CZ-13067Prague 3Czech Republic

Despite all efforts,long-term changes in the adult sex ratios of breeding duck populations are still unclear;this uncertainty is especially true for male-bias populations,which are often under the scrutiny of researchers lacking convenient results for the active protection of endangered *** with male-bias populations are usually strongly affected by a decline in population size that leads to a higher extinction *** this study,we examined our long-term data of the abundance of breeding populations in six duck species(Mallard Anas platyrhynchos,Gadwall Mareca strepera,Red-crested Pochard Netta rufina,Common Pochard Aythya ferina,Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula,and Common Goldeneye Bucephala clangula)from fishponds in South Bohemia,Czechia,between 2004 and *** evidence was used to assess long-term changes in the adult sex ratio in these breeding populations and investigate the possible effects of the NAO index(North Atlantic Oscillation index)on them,indicating climate conditions in *** determined a long-term decrease of the proportion of females in the breeding season in two of the six examined species:Common Pochard and Red-crested Pochard,which is driven by the long-term increase in the number of males in contrast to the decreasing or stable number of females likely caused by different migration behaviours between females and *** the case of Common Pochard,in breeding populations,we estimated 60-65%of males in the early 2000s rising to 75-80%in the early ***,we establish no significant effects linked to climate conditions of the previous winter in these species as a crucial cause of the changes of the proportion of females in the breeding population.

关键词： Adult sex ratio Breeding population Population dynamics Red-listed species waterfowl winter weather conditions

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Calculation of the Standard Model Parameters and Particles Based on a SU(4) Preon Model

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Journal of Modern Physics 2024年第1期15卷 64-124页

作者： jan Helm Department of Electrical Engineering Technical University Berlin Germany

This paper describes an extension and a new foundation of the Standard Model of particle physics based on a SU(4)-force called hyper-color, and on preon subparticles. The hyper-color force is a generalization of the SU(2)-based weak interaction and the SU(1)-based right-chiral self-interaction, in which the w-and the Z-bosons are Yukawa residual-field-carriers of the hyper-color force, in the same sense as the pions are the residual-field-carriers of the color SU(3) interaction. Using the method of numerical minimization of the SU(4)-action based on this model, the masses and the inner structure of leptons, quarks and weak bosons are calculated: the mass results are very close to the experimental values. we calculate also precisely the value of the Cabibbo angle, so the mixing matrices of the Standard model, CKM matrix for quarks and PMNS matrix for neutrinos can also be calculated. In total, we reduce the 29 parameters of the Standard Model to a total of 7 parameters.

关键词： SU(4) Generalization of weak Interaction Extension of Standard Model Numerical Minimization of Action Hyper-Color Preon

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Hormonal protection in acute pancreatitis by ghrelin, leptin and melatonin

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第45期20卷 16902-16912页

作者： Jolanta Jaworek Stanis?aw jan konturek Department of Medical Physiology Faculty of Health Sciences Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum Chair of Physiology Medical Faculty Jagiellonian University Collegim Medicum

Acute pancreatitis is a nonbacterial disease of the *** severe form of this ailment is characterized by high *** acute pancreatitis develops as the severe type or resolves depends on the intensity of the inflammatory process which is counteracted by the recruitment of innate defense *** has been shown that the hormones ghrelin,leptin and melatonin are able to modulate the immune function of the organism and to protect the pancreas against inflammatory *** studies have demonstrated that the application of these substances prior to the induction of acute pancreatitis significantly attenuated the intensity of the inflammation and reduced pancreatic tissue *** pancreatic protective mechanisms of the above hormones have been related to the mobilization of non-specific immune defense,to the inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B and modulation of cytokine production,to the stimulation of heat shock proteins and changes of apoptotic processes in the acinar cells,as well as to the activation of antioxidant system of the pancreatic *** protective effect ofghrelin seems to be indirect and perhaps dependent on the release of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor *** and ghrelin,but not melatonin,employ sensory nerves in their beneficial action on acute *** is very likely that ghrelin,leptin and melatonin could be implicated in the natural protection of the pancreatic gland against inflammatory damage because the blood levels of these substances increase in the initial phase of pancreatic *** above hormones could be a part of the innate resistance system which might remove noxious factors and could suppress or attenuate the inflammatory process in the pancreas.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Protection Ghrelin Leptin Melatonin

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Dielectric and physico-chemical behavior of single thermally thick wood blocks under microwave assisted pyrolysis

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 291-303页

作者： Nicole Vorhauer-Huget Jakob Seidenbecher Supriya Bhaskaran Francesca Schenkel Lucas Briest Suresh Gopalkrishna jan Barowski Andrea Dernbecher Liane Hilfert Ilona Rolfes Alba Dieguez-Alonso Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg Universitatsplatz 239106MagdeburgGermany Ruhr University Bochum Institute of Microwave SystemsUniversitatsstraβe 15044801BochumGermany

Pyrolysis of thermally thick beech wood blocks with a size of around 2.5×8×6 cm^(3)(width×length×height)was carried out in a lab scale microwave reactor with a frequency of 2.45 GHz,operated,both,at 300 w and 600 w under inert conditions,using N_(2) at around 400 mbar absolute *** microwave cavity had a size of 20×20×20 cm^(3).The specific energy supply referred to the untreated wood block was 4-8 w/g,with slight variations depending on the initial water *** mass loss and the reflected microwave power were in-situ monitored during the *** sample surface and chamber temperatures were measured with a pyrometer and a thermocouple,***-chemical and dielectric properties of the produced solids were investigated and compared to those of chars produced under conventional pyrolysis using the same raw *** is shown that the complex dielectric permittivity of the solid products changed drastically during the pyrolysis process,with increasing heating properties as the conversion process *** was easily achieved using 60o w without ***,300 w was not enough to achieve a high conversion degree,independently of the irradiation ***,together with the physico-chemical analyses of the solids,hinted to the importance of the transport kinetics in thermally thick materials,although further investigationis still required.

关键词： Microwave assistedpyrolysis Conventional pyrolysis Dielectric measurements Penetration depth Elemental analysis

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Grapefruit-seed extract attenuates ethanol-and stress-induced gastric lesions via activation of prostaglandin, nitric oxide and sensory nerve pathways

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第41期11卷 6450-6458页

作者： Tomasz Brzozowski Peter C konturek Danuta Drozdowicz Stanislaw J konturek Oxana Zayachivska Robert Pajdo Slawomir Kwiecien wieslaw w Pawlik Eckhart G Hahn Department of Physiology Jagiellonian University Medical College CracowPoland Department of Medicine Ⅰ University of Erlangen-Nuremberg ErlangenGermany Oxana Zayachivska National Medical University LvivUkraine

AIM： Grapefruit-seed extract （GSE） containing flavonoids, possesses antibacterial and antioxidative properties but whether it influences the gastric defense mechanism and gastroprotection against ethanol- and stress-induced gastric lesions remains unknown. METHODS： we compared the effects of GSE on gastric mucosal lesions induced in rats by topical application of 100% ethanol or 3.5 h of water immersion and restraint stress （wRS） with or without （A） inhibition of cyclooxygenase （COX）-1 activity by indomethacin and rofecoxib, the selective COX-2 inhibitor, （B） suppression of NO-synthase with L-NNA （20 mg/kg ip）, and （C） inactivation by capsaicin （125 mg/kg sc） of sensory nerves with or without intragastric （ig） pretreatment with GSE applied 30 min prior to ethanol or wRS. One hour after ethanol and 3.5 h after the end of wRS, the number and area of gastric lesions were measured by planimetry, the gastric blood flow （GBF） was assessed by H2-gas clearance technique and plasma gastrin levels and the gastric mucosal generation of PGE2, superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity and malonyldialdehyde （MDA） concentration, as an index of lipid peroxidation were determined. RESULTS： Ethanol and wRS caused gastric lesions accompanied by the significant fall in the GBF and SOD activity and the rise in the mucosal MDA content. Pretreatment with GSE （8-64 mg/kg i g） dose- dependently attenuated gastric lesions induced by 100% ethanol and wRS; the dose reducing these lesions by 50% （ID50） was 25 and 36 mg/kg, respectively, and this protective effect was similar to that obtained with methyl PGE2 analog （5 μg/kg i g）. GSE significantly raised the GBF, mucosal generation of PGE2, SOD activity and plasma gastrin levels while attenuating IVlDA content. Inhibition of PGE2 generation with indomethacin or rofecoxib and suppression of NO synthase by L-NNA or capsaicin denervation reversed the GSE-induced protection and the accompanying hyperemia. Cotreatment of exogenous calcitonine gene-rel

关键词： Grapefriut-seed extract Gastroprotection Gastric blood flow Superoxide dismutase Prostaglandin Calcitonine gene-related peptide

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Ghrelin and gastrin in advanced gastric cancer before and after gastrectomy

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第4期17卷 449-458页

作者： Anna Zub-Pokrowiecka Kazimierz Rembiasz Peter C konturek Andrzej Budzyński Stanisaw J konturek Marek winiarski wadysaw Bielański Department of Physiology Medical College Jagiellonian University 2nd Department of General Surgery Medical College Jagiellonian University Department of Medicine Thuringia Clinic Georgius Agricola Saalfeld Teaching Hospital University Jena

AIM: To investigate plasma ghrelin, gastrin and growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R) expression in advanced gastric cancer (GC) before and after resection. METHODS: Seventy subjects in whom endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract was performed in the Department of General Surgery at Cracow University during the past decade: (1) 25 patients with GC associated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection; (2) 10 patients with GC 4-5 years after (total or subtotal) gastrectomy; (3) 25 healthy H. pylori-negative controls, matched by age and BMI to the above two groups; and (4) 10 GC patients 4-5 years after total gastrectomy. Ghrelin and gastrin plasma concentrations were measured by specific radioimmunoassay under fasting conditions and postprandially at 60 and 90 min after ingestion of a mixed meal. GHS-R expression was examined in biopsy samples from intact healthy mucosa and GC tissue using semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: In healthy controls, fasting plasma ghrelin levels were significantly elevated and declined markedly at 60 and 90 min after a mixed meal. The concomitant enhanced ghrelin, GHS-R and gastrin expression in GC tissue over that recorded in intact mucosa, and the marked rise in plasma gastrin in these subjects under fasting conditions indicate the role of these hormonal factors in GC formation. Fasting plasma levels and postprandial response of ghrelin and gastrin appear to be inversely correlated in healthy subjects. Feeding in the controls resulted in a significant fall in plasma ghrelin with a subsequent rise in plasma gastrin, but in H. pylori-positive GC patients submitted to total or distal gastrectomy, feeding failed to affect significantly the fall in plasma ghrelin that was recorded in these patients before surgery. Fasting ghrelin concentrations were significantly lower in patients 4-5 years after total gastrectomy compared to those in healthy controls and to these in GC patients befo

关键词： Ghrelin Gastrin Gastric cancer Gastric resection

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Ischemic preconditioning inhibits development of edematous cerulein-induced pancreatitis: Involvement of cyclooxygenases and heat shock protein 70

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第38期11卷 5958-5965页

作者： Zygmunt warzecha Artur Dembinski Piotr Ceranowicz Stanislaw J konturek Marcin Dembinski wieslaw w Pawlik Romana Tomaszewska Jerzy Stachura Beata Kusnierz-Cabala Jerzy w Naskalski Peter C konturek Department of Physiology Department of Pathology Department of Clinical Biochemistry Department of Internal Medicine Ⅰ

AIM： To determine whether ischemic preconditioning （IP） affects the development of edematous cerulein-induced pancreatitis and to assess the role of cyclooxygenase-1 （COX-l）, COX-2, and heat shock protein 70 （HSP 70） in this process. METHODS： In male wistar rats, IP was performed by damping of celiac artery （twice for 5 min at 5-min intervals）. Thirty minutes after IP or sham operation, acute pancreatitis was induced by cerulein. Activity of COX-1 or COX-2 was inhibited by resverabol or rofecoxib, respectively （10 rng/kg）. RESULTS： IP significantly reduced pancreatic damage in cerulein-induced pancreatitis as demonstrated by the improvement of pancreas histology, reduction in serum lipase and poly-C ribonuclease activity, and serum concentration of pro-inflammatory interleukin （IL）-1β. Also, IP attenuated the pancreatitis-evoked fall in pancreatic blood flow and pancreatic DNA synthesis. Serum level of anti-inflammatory IL-10 was not affected by IP. Cerulein-induced pancreatitis and IP increased the content of HSP 70 in the pancreas. Maximal increase in HSP 70 was observed when IP was combined with cerulein-induced pancreatitis. Inhibition of COXs, especially COX-2, reduced the protective effect of IP in edematous pancreatitis. CONCLUSION： Our results indicate that IP reducespancreatic damage in cerulein-induced pancreatitis and this effect, at least in part, depends on the activity of COXs and pancreatic production of HSP 70.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Ischemic preconditioning Cyclooxygenase-2 Interleukin-1β Heat shock protein-70

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