检索结果-南通市图书馆

Dietary Fibres and Whole Grain Products for Improving Health and Reducing Disease Risks

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

食品科学 2004年第10期25卷 421-422页

作者： jan Willem van der Kamp TNO Nutrition and Food Research P.O.Box 360 3700 AJ Zeist The Netherlands and ICC International Associa-tion for Cereal Science and Technology

In recent years the occurrence of civilisation related diseases such as diabetes and obesity is increasing at a dramatic rate. This results in a growing consumer awareness of relationships between diet and health. Industry is respond ing to this trend by introducing products with a healthy image, including products with dietary fibre. Every year about 500 products are being launched globally with statements regarding their fibre content. Dietary fibre is usually defined as "the edible parts of plants or analogous carbohydrates that are resistant to digestion and absorption in the human small intestine with complete or partial fermentation in the large intestine. Dietary fibre includes polysaccharides, oligosaccharides, lignin, and associated substances. Dietary fibres promote beneficial physiological effects including laxation, and/or blood cholesterol attenuation, and/or blood glucose attenuation" (AACC, 2001).

关键词：食物纤维谷类产品保健营养

Implementing a DIKW model on a deep mine cooling system

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第2期29卷 319-326页

作者： jan Gabriel Pretorius Marc John Mathews Philip Maré Marius Kleingeld Johann van Rensburg Centre for Research and Continued Engineering Development North-West University Pretoria 0081 South Africa TEMM International (Pty) Ltd

The South African mining industry has been experiencing increasing economic pressure. Deep mines also suffer from very hot workplaces, which leads to safety risks. These factors place stress on managers to reach their production targets while providing safe workplace conditions. The data information knowledge wisdom(DIKW) model, also known as the wisdom hierarchy, was implemented on a deep mine cooling system. This study aims to show that a simple model such as the DIKW model can assist managers in improving their deep mine cooling system's performance. The study found that the DIKW approach is a suitable approach for use on mine cooling systems to facilitate operational *** the DIKW approach to a case study on a mine cooling system created substantial awareness and facilitated a cooling duty improvement of 55% which relates to an increase of 5.3 MW of refrigeration. The results of this study indicate that the DIKW approach may be a suitable approach to optimise management on deep mines using their existing infrastructure.

关键词： DIKW Cooling system Mining Reporting

Fluid-rock interaction in retrograde granulites of the Southern Marginal Zone,Limpopo high grade terrain,South Africa

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Geoscience Frontiers 2014年第5期5卷 673-682页

作者： jan Marten Huizenga Dirk van Reenen Jacques L.R.Touret Unit of Environmental Sciences and Management North-West UniversityPrivate Bag X60012520South Africa Economic Geology Research Institute(EGRU) School of Earth and Environmental SciencesJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleQLD 4811Australia Department of Geology University of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa Institut de Mineralogie.de Physique des Materiaux et de Cosmochimie(IMPMC) Sorbonne Universites UPMC Univ Paris 06UMR CNRS 7590 Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle.IRD UMR 206.4 Place Jussieu.F-75005

Fluid infiltration into retrograde granulites of the Southern Marginal Zone （Limpopo high grade terrain） is exemplified by hydration reactions, shear zone hosted metasomatism, and lode gold mineralisation. Hydration reactions include the breakdown of cordierite and orthopyroxene to gedrite ＋ kyanite, and anthophyllite, respectively. Metamorphic petrology, fluid inclusions, and field data indicate that a low H2O-activity carbon-saturated CO2-rich and a saline aqueous fluid infiltrated the Southern Marginal Zone during exhumation. The formation of anthophyllite after orthopyroxene established a regional retrograde anthophyllite-in isograd and occurred at P-Tconditions of -6 kbar and 610 ℃, which fixes the minimum mole fraction of H20 in the CO2-rich fluid phase at ~ 0.1. The maximum H20 mole fraction is fixed by the lower temperature limit （~800 ℃） for partial melting at -0.3. C-O-H fluid calculations show that the CO2-rich fluid had an oxygen fugacity that was 0.6 log10 units higher than that of the fayalite-magnetite- quartz buffer and that the CO2/（CO2＋CH4） mole ratio of this fluid was 1. The presence of dominantly relatively low density CO2-rich fluid inclusions in the hydrated granulites indicates that the fluid pressure was less than the lithostatic pressure. This can be explained by strike slip faulting and/or an increase of the rock permeability caused by hydration reactions.

关键词： GranuliteFluidLimpopoRetrogradeSouthern Marginal Zone

Influence of core stiffness on the behavior of tall timber buildings subjected to wind loads

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021年第1期15卷 213-226页

作者： Zhouyan XIA jan-Willem G.van DE KUILEN Andrea POLASTRI Ario CECCOTTI Minjuan HE Wood Research Munich Technical University of MunichMunich 80797Germany Tree and Timber Institute(IVALSA)of the Italian National Research Council San Michele all’Adige 38010Italy College of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 100029China

This study analyzes the feasibility of the use of cross-laminated timber(CLT)as a load-bearing structural element in a 40-story building based on Chinese design *** proposed design of the high-rise concrete-CLT building utilizes the core-outrigger *** is used for the central core and outriggers,and CLT is used for the rest of the structure of the *** element models with different types of connections were developed using SAP2000 to analyze the lateral behavior of the building under wind *** finite element models with rigid connections deduce the wind load distributions on individual structural elements,which determine the total number and the stiffness of fasteners of the CLT ***,spring links with equivalent stiffness that simulate the mechanical fasteners were employed in *** results indicate that CLT increases the lateral flexibility of the building.A closed concrete core was substituted by two half cores to measure the requirement of the maximum lateral ***,the acceleration at the building top still exceeded the limitation prescribed in Chinese Code JGJ 3-2010 owing to the lightweight of CLT and decreased stiffness of the hybrid *** restrict this top acceleration within the limit,further approaches to increase the stiffness in the weak direction of the building are *** such as the modification of the floor layout,increase in the thickness of walls,and addition of extra damping capacity should be considered and verified in the future.

关键词： cross-laminated timber tall timber buildings finite element analysis horizontal deflection top acceleration

Urbanization in China,ca.1100-1900

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Frontiers of Economics in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2018年第3期13卷 322-368页

作者： Yi Xu Bas van Leeuwen jan Luiten van Zanden College of Historical Culture and Tourism Guangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541001China International Institute of Social History Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and SciencesAmsterdam1019ATNetherlands Department of Economic and Social History Utrecht UniversityUtrecht3512BSNetherlands

This paper presents new estimates of the development of the urban population and the urbanization ratio for the period spanning the Song and late Qing dynasties. Urbanization is viewed, as in much of the economic historical literature on the topic, as an indirect indicator of economic development and structural change. The development of the urban system can therefore tell us a lot about long-term trends in the Chinese economy between 1100 and 1900. During the Song, the level of urbanization was high, also by international standards--the capital cities of the Song were probably the largest cities in the world. This remained so until the late Ming, but during the Qing there was a downward trend in the level of urbanization from 11%-12% to 7% in the late 18th century, a level at which it remained until the early 1900s. In our paper we analyse the role that socio-political and economic causes played in this decline, such as the changing character of the Chinese state, the limited impact of overseas trade on the urban system, and the apparent absence of the dynamic economic effects that were characteristic for the European urban system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

关键词： China cities commercialization Ming dynasty Qing dynasty Song dynasty urbanization

Open cellular magnesium alloys for biodegradable orthopaedic implants

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2013年第4期1卷 303-311页

作者： Karel Lietaert Ludger Weber jan van Humbeeck Andreas Mortensen jan Luyten jan Schrooten Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering KU LeuvenKasteelpark Arenberg 44pb2450B-3001 LeuvenBelgium Ecole Polytechnique Fe´de´rale de Lausanne(EPFL) Laboratory for Mechanical MetallurgyMX-D 141Station 12CH-1015 LausanneSwitzerland

Replication processing using NaCl spaceholders offers the possibility to produce cellular structures for a range of Mg alloys. Four Mg alloys (AZ63, M2, ZM21 and MZX211) were processed into open cellular structures with a pore size near 500 μm and a porosity of 75% using an optimized NaCl leaching procedure. The production method was found to be robust and yielded samples of acceptable strength and stiffness. Their dissolution rate (by H2 release in simulated body fluid) and mechanical properties (by cyclic compression) were measured. For all 4 alloys the initial mechanical properties mimic those of cancellous bone;however, the dissolution rate is too high for direct use in the human body, leading to excessive hydrogen evolution and overly rapid degradation of mechanical properties. Further post-processing of the material is thus required.

关键词： Magnesium Cellular Biodegradable Biomaterial Replication processing Alloys

国际糖尿病足工作组:指南的制定和方法学(2023)——《国际糖尿病足工作组:糖尿病相关的足病预防与管理指南(2023)》的一部分

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

感染、炎症、修复 2024年第1期25卷 72-79页

作者： Sicco A.Bus Matilde Monteiro-Soares Fran Game Jaap J.van Netten jan Apelqvist Robert Fitridge Eric Senneville Nicolaas C.Schaper on behalf of the IWGDF Editorial Board 朱虹何洁(译) 刘芳(审校) Amsterdam UMC University of AmsterdamDepartment of Rehabilitation MedicineAmsterdamthe Netherlands Amsterdam Movement Sciences program Rehabilitation&DevelopmentAmsterdamthe Netherlands Higher School of Health of the Portuguese Red Cross LisbonPortugal Department of Community Medicine Information and Health Decision Sciences(MEDCIDS)Faculty of MedicineUniversity of PortoPortoPortugal RISE@CINTESIS Faculty of MedicineOporto UniversityPortoPortugal Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation TrustDerbyUK Department of Endocrinology University Hospital of MalmöSweden Discipline of Surgery The University of Adelaide and Vascular and Endovascular ServiceRoyal Adelaide HospitalAustralia Department of Infectious Diseases Gustave Dron HospitalTourcoingFrance Division of Endocrinology MUMC+CARIM and CAPHRI InstituteMaastrichtthe Netherlands 不详温州医科大学附属第一医院内分泌科浙江温州325000 上海交通大学医学院附属第一医院内分泌代谢科上海200080

糖尿病相关的足病是造成糖尿病患者经济负担和增加社会成本的主要原因之一。本指南以主要目标为导向,以循证医学为依据,且在全球得到合理实施。践行国际糖尿病相关的足病指南对于减轻患者经济负担和社会成本有着重要影响。国际糖尿病足... 详细信息

糖尿病相关的足病是造成糖尿病患者经济负担和增加社会成本的主要原因之一。本指南以主要目标为导向,以循证医学为依据,且在全球得到合理实施。践行国际糖尿病相关的足病指南对于减轻患者经济负担和社会成本有着重要影响。国际糖尿病足工作组(IWGDF)从1999年起开始发布并随后更新国际指南。2023年更新版指南相关推荐均基于推荐、评估、发展和评价分级(GRADE)系统,包括制定相关临床问题和重要结局,完成系统的文献系统综述和荟萃分析,完成评判表汇总,并且给予具体、明确、操作性强的推荐以及理论依据。本文阐述了《国际糖尿病足工作组:糖尿病相关的足病预防和管理指南(2023版)》(以下简称为指南)的制定过程。指南由7个部分组成,包括预防、糖尿病相关的足溃疡分类、减压、周围动脉病变、感染、创面愈合干预以及活动性夏科神经骨关节病,分别由7个独立的国际专家工作组编写。IWGDF编辑委员会对7个章节进行了整合和简化,形成IWGDF实践指南。指南中的每条推荐均经过IWGDF编辑委员会成员和相关领域的独立的国际专家审阅通过。本文是IWGDF指南的制定和方法学。我们相信,医务人员、公共卫生机构和政策制定者采用和实施2023年IWGDF指南,将会改善糖尿病相关的足病的预防和管理水平,从而减少全球该疾病患者和减轻该疾病引起的全球社会负担。

关键词：指南糖尿病糖尿病相关的足病方法学国际糖尿病足工作组

MRCKα is a novel regulator of prolactin-induced lactogenesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 319-328页

作者： Fang Wang Jürgen van Baal Lu Ma Xuejun Gao jan Dijkstra Dengpan Bu State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Institute of Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China Animal Nutrition Group Wageningen University and ResearchWageningen6708WDthe Netherlands College of Animal Science Yangtze UniversityJingzhou434020China Joint Laboratory on Integrated Crop-Tree-Livestock Systems of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS) Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research(EIAR)and World Agroforestry Center(ICRAF)Beijing100193China

Myotonic dystrophy-related Cdc42-binding kinase alpha(MRCKα)is an integral component of signaling pathways controlling vital cellular processes,including cytoskeletal reorganization,cell proliferation and cell *** this study,we investigated the physiological role of MRCKα in milk protein and fat production in dairy cows,which requires a dynamic and strict organization of the cytoskeletal network in bovine mammary epithelial cells(BMEC).Within a selection of 9 Holstein cows,we found that both mRNA and protein expression of MRCKα in the mammary gland were upregulated during lactation and correlated positively(r>0.89)with the mRNA and protein levels of *** positive correlations(r>0.79)were found in a primary culture of BMEC stimulated with prolactin for 24 *** these cells,silencing of MRCKα decreased basal b-casein,sterol-regulatory element binding protein(SREBP)-1 and cyclin D1 protein level,phosphorylation of mTOR,triglyceride secretion,cell number and viabilitydwhile overexpression of MRCKα displayed the reversed ***,silencing of MRCKα completely prevented the stimulatory action of prolactin on the same *** data demonstrate that MRCKα is a critical mediator of prolactin-induced lactogenesis via stimulation of the mTOR/SREBP1/cyclin D1 signaling pathway.

关键词： Myotonic dystrophy-related Cdc42-binding kinase alpha Bovine mammary gland Prolactin Mechanistic target of rapamycin Sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 Cyclin D1

Toward Carbon-Neutral Water Systems:Insights from Global Cities

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Engineering 2022年第7期8卷 77-85页

作者： Ka Leung Lam Gang Liu Anne Marieke Motelica-Wagenaar jan Peter van der Hoek Division of Natural and Applied Sciences Duke Kunshan UniversityKunshan 215316China Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Waternet Amsterdam 1096 ACNetherlands Department of Water Management Delft University of TechnologyDelft 2628 CNNetherlands

Many cities have pledged to achieve carbon *** urban water industry can also contribute its share to a carbon-neutral *** a multi-city time-series analysis approach,this study aims to assess the progress and lessons learned from the greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions management of urban water systems in four global cities:Amsterdam,Melbourne,New York City,and *** cities are advanced in setting GHG emissions reduction targets and reporting GHG emissions in their water *** four cities have reduced the GHG emissions in their water industries,compared with those from more than a decade ago(i.e.,the latest three-year moving averages are 13%–32%lower),although the emissions have“rebounded”multiple times over the *** emissions reductions were mainly due to various engineering opportunities such as solar and mini-hydro power generation,biogas valorization,sludge digestion and incineration optimization,and aeration system *** cities have recognized the many challenges in reaching carbon-neutrality goals,which include fluctuating water demand and rainfall,more carbon-intensive flood-prevention and water-supply strategies,meeting new air and water quality standards,and revising GHG emissions accounting *** study has also shown that it is difficult for the water industry to achieve carbon neutrality on its own.A collaborative approach with other sectors is needed when aiming toward the city’s carbon-neutrality *** an approach involves expanding the usual system boundary of the water industry to externally tap into both engineering and non-engineering opportunities.

关键词： Urban water Greenhouse gas emissions Cities Climate change mitigation Carbon neutrality