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Towards a Micromechanical Understanding of Landslides—Aiming at a Combination of Finite and Discrete Elements with Minimal Number of Degrees of Freedom

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2020年第9期8卷 1779-1798页

作者： jan mueller Akira Kyotani Hans-Georg Matuttis Department of Mechanical and Intelligent Systems Engineering The University of Electro-Communications Chofu Japan

In this paper, we propose a combination of discrete elements for the soil and finite elements for the fluid flow field inside the pore space to simulate the triggering of landslides. We give the details for the implementation of third order finite elements (“P2 with bubble”) together with polygonal discrete elements, which allows the formulation with a minimal number of degrees of freedom to save computer time and memory. We verify the implementation with several standard problems from computational fluid dynamics, as well as the decay of a granular step in a fluid as test case for complex flow.

关键词： Finite Element Method Discrete Element Method Multi-Phase Flow

The LysM Receptor-Like Kinase LysM RLK1 Is Required to Activate Defense and Abiotic-Stress Responses Induced by Overexpression of Fungal Chitinases in Arabidopsis Plants

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Molecular Plant 2012年第5期5卷 1113-1124页

作者： Yariv Brotman Udi Landau Smadar Pnini jan Lisec Salma Balazadeh Bernd mueller-Roeber Aviah Zilberstein Lothar Willmitzer Ilan Chet Ada Viterbo Genes and Small Molecules AG Willmitzer Max-Planck-lnstitut of Molecular Plant Physiology Am Muhlenberg 1 D-14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology The Smith Faculty of Agriculture Food and Environment The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Rehovot 76100 Israel Department of Plant Science Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv 69978 Israel University of Potsdam Institute of Biochemistry and Biology KarI-Liebknecht-Strae 24-25 Haus 20 14476 Potsdam-Golrn Germany

Application of crab shell chitin or pentamer chitin oligosaccharide to Arabidopsis seedlings increased toler- ance to salinity in wild-type but not in knockout mutants of the LysM Receptor-Like Kinasel （CERK1/LysM RLK1） gene, known to play a critical role in signaling defense responses induced by exogenous chitin. Arabidopsis plants overexpress- ing the endochitinase chit36 and hexoaminidase excyl genes from the fungus Trichoderma asperelleoides T203 showed increased tolerance to salinity, heavy-metal stresses, and Botrytis cinerea infection. Resistant lines, overexpressing fungal chitinases at different levels, were outcrossed to lysm rlkl mutants. Independent homozygous hybrids lost resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, despite enhanced chitinase activity. Expression analysis of 270 stress-related genes, including those induced by reactive oxygen species （ROS） and chitin, revealed constant up-regulation （at least twofold） of 10 genes in the chitinase-overexpressing line and an additional 76 salt-induced genes whose expression was not elevated in the lysm rlkl knockout mutant or the hybrids harboring the mutation. These findings elucidate that chitin-induced signaling mediated by LysM RLK1 receptor is not limited to biotic stress response but also encompasses abiotic-stress signaling and can be conveyed by ectopic expression of chitinases in plants.

关键词： abiotic stress chitin-induced signaling chitinases LysM receptor kinase Trichoderma.

Huge primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the pancreas:Report of a case and review of the literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第37期12卷 6070-6073页

作者： Thilo Welsch Gunhild Mechtersheimer Sebastian Aulmann Sascha A mueller Markus W Buechler jan Schmidt Peter Kienle Deptartment of Surgery University of Heidelberg INF 110 D-69120 Heidelberg Germany Deptartment of Pathology University of Heidelberg INF 220 D-69120 Heidel- berg Germany

Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) of the pancreas is an extremely rare tumor that usually occurs in children or young adults. We report a case of a 33-year-old male patient with an 18 cm × 18 cm × 16 cm mass arising from the pancreatic body and tail with a one- day history of abdominal pain. Initial CT scan showed no signs of metastatic tumor spread. The tumor caused intrabdominal bleeding and the patient underwent primary tumor resection including partial gastrectomy, left pancreatic resection and splenectomy. Diagnosis of PNET was confi rmed by histology, immunohistochemistry and FISH analysis. All neoplastic cells were stained positive for MIC2-protein (CD99). Approximately one month after surgery, several liver metastases were observed and the patient underwent chemotherapy according to the Euro- Ewing protocol. Subsequent relaparotomy excluded any residual hepatic or extrahepatic abdominal metastases. Although PNET in the pancreas is an extremely rare entity, it should be considered in the diffential diagnosis of pancreatic masses, especially in young patients. This alarming case particularly illustrates that PNET in the pancreas although in an advanced stage can present with only a short history of mild symptoms.

关键词：胰腺肿瘤腹部疾病肉瘤治疗

Meta-Analysis to Determine the Diagnostic Value of 2-<sup>18</sup>Fluoro-2-Deoxy-D-Glucose Positron Emission Tomography in Assessing Residual Tumors after Systemic Therapy for Metastatic Seminoma

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Open Journal of Urology 2011年第3期1卷 50-55页

作者： Johannes mueller Thomas Schnoeller Friedemann Zengerling Sandra Waalkes Andreas Al Ghazal Florian Jentzmik Mark Schrader Andres jan Schrader 不详

Background: A meta-analysis was performed to determine the value of 2-18fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) for assessing viable tumor residuals after chemotherapy in patients with pure seminoma. Materials and methods: This review included five studies published between 1999 and 2010 with a total of 130 patients who underwent both computed tomography (CT) and FDG-PET scanning for residual tumor detection after systemic therapy. We compared the sensitivity and specificity of FDG-PET and CT (tumor size ≤ or > 3 cm) in identifying vital tumor tissue. Results: On the average, FDG-PET had higher specificity (92% vs. 59%) and sensitivity (72% vs. 63%) as well as a higher positive predictive value (PPV) than the solely size-based CT assessment of residual tumors (70% vs. 28%). PEt also tended to have a higher negative predictive value (93% vs. 86%). Conclusion: The present evaluation of currently available data indicates that FDG-PET is superior to CT in detecting viable tumor residuals after chemotherapy in patients with metastatic seminoma. Its application can thus be recommended.

关键词： FDG-PET Seminoma Testicular Cancer Diagnosis Residual Disease

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植物添加剂有助于家禽肠道健康

国外畜牧学（猪与禽） 2016年第12期36卷 54-55页

作者：王晶晶(译) andreas mueller tobias aumiller jan dirk van der klis 邵建忠(校) 靳文广(制图) 不详

营养师、饲料生产商和养殖生产者正在寻找饲用抗生素的替代品，到目前为止还没有发现有“灵丹妙药”功效的饲料添加剂。然而，植物性添加剂由于其具有全身和广谱的功效正成为人们关注的焦点。

关键词：肠道健康中链脂肪酸短链坏死性产气荚膜梭菌肠炎杆菌青紫色 QS 抑制剂肠疾病浮选药剂植物性饲料添加剂群体感应家禽禽类