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Microbiota alterations in acute and chronic gastrointestinal inflammation of cats and dogs

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第44期20卷 16489-16497页

作者： Julia B Honneffer Yasushi Minamoto jan s suchodolski Gastrointestinal Laboratory Department of Small Animal Clini-cal Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Science Texas A & M University College Station TX 77843 United States

The intestinal microbiota is the collection of the living microorganisms(bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses) inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract. Novel bacterial identification approaches have revealed that the gastrointestinal microbiota of dogs and cats is, similarly to humans, a highly complex ecosystem. studies in dogs and cats have demonstrated that acute and chronic gastrointestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease(IBD), are associated with alterations in the small intestinal and fecal microbial communities. Of interest is that these alterations are generally similar to the dysbiosis observed in humans with IBD or animal models of intestinal inflammation, suggesting that microbial responses to inflammatory conditions of the gut are conserved across mammalian host types. studies have also revealed possible underlying susceptibilities in the innate immune system of dogs and cats with IBD, which further demonstrate the intricate relationship between gut microbiota and host health. Commonly identified microbiome changes in IBD are decreases in bacterial groups within the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, and increases within Proteobacteia. Furthermore, a reduction in the diversity of Clostridium clusters XIVa and IV(i.e., Lachnospiraceae and Clostridium coccoides subgroups) are associated with IBD, suggesting that these bacterial groups may play an important role in maintenance of gastrointestinal health. Future studies are warranted to evaluate the functional changes associated with intestinal dysbiosis in dogs and cats.

关键词： Microbiome 16s rRNA Inflammatory bowel disease Probiotic Dog Cat

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Oligodendroglial heterogeneity in health,disease,and recovery:deeper insights into myelin dynamics

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3179-3192页

作者： Pieter-jan serneels Julie D.De schutter Lies De Groef Lieve Moons steven Bergmans KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionNeural Circuit Development&Regeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionCellular Communication&Neurodegeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium

Decades of research asserted that the oligodendroglial lineage comprises two cell types:oligodendrocyte precursor cells and ***,recent studies employing single-cell RNA sequencing techniques have uncovered novel cell states,prompting a revision of the existing *** forward,the oligodendroglial lineage should be delineated into five distinct cell states:oligodendrocyte precursor cells,committed oligodendrocyte precursor cells,newly formed oligodendrocytes,myelin-forming oligodendrocytes,and mature *** new classification system enables a deeper understanding of the oligodendroglia in both physiological and pathological *** this uniform terminology will facilitate comparison and integration of data across ***,including the consolidation of findings from various demyelinating models,is essential to better understand the pathogenesis of demyelinating ***,comparing injury models across species with varying regenerative capacities can provide insights that may lead to new therapeutic strategies to overcome remyelination ***,by standardizing terminology and synthesizing data from diverse studies across different animal models,we can enhance our understanding of myelin pathology in central nervous system disorders such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,all of which involve oligodendroglial and myelin dysfunction.

关键词： animal models demyelination fish mammals multiple sclerosis myelin neurodegeneration oligodendrocytes oligodendroglial lineage remyelination

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Characterization of image spaces of Riemann-Liouville fractional integral operators on sobolev spaces W^(m,p)(Ω)

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science China Mathematics 2021年第12期64卷 2611-2636页

作者： Lijing Zhao Weihua Deng jan s.Hesthaven school of Mathematics and statistics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710129China school of Mathematics and statistics Gansu Key Laboratory of Applied Mathematics and Complex SystemsLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China EPFL-sB-MATHICsE-MCss Ecole Polytechnique Federale de LausanneLausanne CH-1015Switzerland

Fractional operators are widely used in mathematical models describing abnormal and nonlocal *** there are extensive numerical methods for solving the corresponding model problems,theoretical analysis such as the regularity result,or the relationship between the left-side and right-side fractional operators is seldom *** of considering the fractional derivative spaces,this paper starts from discussing the image spaces of Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals of L_(p)(Ω) functions,since the fractional derivative operators that are often used are all *** the high regularity situation-the image spaces of Riemann-Liouville fractional integral operators on the W^(m,p)(Ω) space is *** characterizations of the defined spaces,as well as those of the intersection of the left-side and right-side spaces are *** behavior of the functions in the defined spaces at both the nearby boundary point/points and the points in the domain is demonstrated in a clear ***,tempered fractional operators are shown to be reciprocal to the corresponding Riemann-Liouville fractional operators,which is expected to contribute some theoretical support for relevant numerical ***,we also provide some instructions on how to take advantage of the introduced spaces when numerically solving fractional equations.

关键词： image space Riemann-Liouville integral regularity property approximation

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Efficient solution of Ordinary Differential Equations with High-Dimensional Parametrized Uncertainty

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Communications in Computational Physics 2011年第7期10卷 253-278页

作者： Zhen Gao jan s.Hesthaven Research Center for Applied Mathematics Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266071ShandongChina Division of Applied Mathematics Brown University182 George StreetProvidenceRI 02912USA

The important task of evaluating the impact of random parameters on the output of stochastic ordinary differential equations(sODE)can be computationally very demanding,in particular for problems with a high-dimensional parameter *** this work we consider this problem in some detail and demonstrate that by combining several techniques one can dramatically reduce the overall cost without impacting the predictive accuracy of the output of *** discuss how the combination of ANOVA expansions,different sparse grid techniques,and the total sensitivity index(TsI)as a pre-selective mechanism enables the modeling of problems with hundred of *** demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of this approach on a number of challenging test cases drawn from engineering and science.

关键词： sparse grids stochastic collocation method ANOVA expansion total sensitivity index

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New wormhole model with quasi-periodic oscillations exhibiting conformal motion in f(T,T)gravity

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2023年第9期75卷 59-68页

作者： G Mustafa Abdelghani Errehymy s K Maurya Munsif jan Department of Physics Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China Astrophysics Research Centre School of MathematicsStatistics and Computer ScienceUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalPrivate Bag X54001Durban 4000South Africa Laboratory of High Energy Physics and Condensed Matter Department of PhysicsFaculty of Sciences Aïn ChockHassan II University of CasablancaB.P.5366 MaarifCasablanca 20100Morocco Department of Mathematical and Physical sciences College of Arts and ScienceUniversity of NizwaNizwaOman New Uzbekistan University Mustaqillik Ave.54Tashkent 100007Uzbekistan

This analysis explores the new wormhole(WH)solution in the background of teleparallel gravity with minimal matter *** complete this study,we consider the conformal symmetry with non-zero Killing *** exact shape function is computed by considering the linear equation of state with the phantom *** energy conditions are investigated for the calculated shape function with the equation of state *** presence of exotic matter is confirmed due to the violation of the null energy *** current study also explores the physical properties of the epicyclic frequencies with quasi-periodic *** the astrophysical,epicyclic frequencies are extensively employed to explore the self-gravitating *** is concluded that a stable WH solution is acceptable for WH geometry.

关键词： extended teleparallel theory wormhole solutions epicyclic frequencies conformal symmetry

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The role of zonal flows in reactive fluid closures

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Plasma science and Technology 2018年第7期20卷 41-49页

作者： jan weiland Chalmers University of Technology and EURATOM-VR Association SE-41296 GothenburgSweden

We will give an overview of results obtained by our reactive fluid model. It is characterised as a fluid model where all moments with sources in the experiment are kept. Furthermore, full account is taken for the highest moments appearing in unexpanded denominators also including full toroidicity. It has been demonstrated that the strength of zonal flows is dramatically larger in reactive fluid closures than in those which involve dissipation. This gives a direct connection between the fluid closure and the level of excitation of turbulence. This is because zonal flows are needed to absorb the inverse cascade in quasi 2D turbulence. This also explains the similarity in structure of the transport coefficients in our model with a reactive closure in the energy equation and models which have a reactive closure because of zero ion temperature such as the Hasegawa-Wakatani model. Our exact reactive closure unifies several well-known features of tokamak experiments such as the L-H transition, internal transport barriers and the nonlinear Dimits upshift of the critical gradient for onset of transport. It also gives transport of the same level as that in nonlinear gyrokinetic codes. since these include the kinetic resonance this confirms the validity of the thermodynamic properties of our model. Furthermore, we can show that while a strongly nonlinear model is needed in kinetic theory a quasilinear model is sufficient in the fluid description. Thus our quasilinear fluid model will be adequate for treating all relevant problems in bulk transport. This is finally confirmed by the reproduction by the model of the experimental power scaling of the confinement time Te ~ P-2/3. This confirms the validity of our reactive fluid model. This also gives credibility to our ITER simulations including the H-mode barrier. A new result is here, that alpha heating strongly reduces the slope of the H-mode barrier. This should significantly reduce the effects of ELM＇s.

关键词： turbulent transport improved mixing length estimates zonal flows toroidicity

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Running Temperature and Mechanical stability of Grease as Maintenance Parameters of Railway Bearings

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2010年第2期7卷 160-166页

作者： jan Lundberg Aditya Parida Peter sderholm Division of Operation and Maintenance Engineering Lule University of Technology

spherical roller bearings in railway car wheels are critical components whose failure may have catastrophic consequences. The present study aims to analyse the mechanical stability of greases and temperature of bearings as indicators for condition-based bearing maintenance. The performed case study includes nine fully-formulated commercial greases examined in the wheel bearings of five ore cars operated in northern scandinavia. The studied ore cars travelled a distance of about 300 000 km during a period of three years. small samples of the greases were taken on eight occasions to test their mechanical stability. In addition, the temperatures of the bearings were continuously recorded. After the test period, the wear, electrical damage, and corrosion of the bearings were examined. One of the findings is that the shear stress of the grease at a certain shear velocity （the certain yieldstress （CEY） value） is a good maintenance indicator and is highly dependent on the grease type. The bearing＇s wear, electrical damage and corrosion also depend on the grease type. However, no oxidation of the greases was identified. The paper also outlines a systematic methodology to determine an overall maintenance indicator for railway roller bearings which is based on the field measurements.

关键词： Maintenance mechanical stability railway roller bearings grease lubrication.

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Water yield and biomass production for on a eucalypt-dominated Mediterranean catchment under different climate scenarios

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第5期34卷 1263-1278页

作者： Joao Rocha Ana Quintela Dalila serpa jan Jacob Keizer sérgio Fabres RAIZ-Forest and Paper Research Institute Quinta de S.FranciscoRua JoséEstevao(EN 230-1)3800–783 EixoAveiroPortugal Department of Environment and Planning Centre of Environmental and Marine Studies(CESAM)University of AveiroCampus Universitário de Santiago3810–193 AveiroPortugal

Worldwide,forests are vital in the regulation of the water cycle regulation and in water balance *** of ecohydrological responses of production forests is essential to support management strategies,especially where water is already *** climatological patterns are expected to impact thermopluviometric regimes,water cycle components,hydrological responses,and plant physiology,evapotranspiration rates,crop productivity and land management *** work(1)assessed the impacts of different predicted climate conditions on water yield;(2)inferred the impacts of climate change on biomass production on eucalypt-to-eucalypt succes *** this end,the widely accepted soil and Water Assessment Tool(sWAT)was run with the RCA,HIRHAM5 and RACMO climate models for two emission scenarios(RCP 4.5 and8.5).Three 12-year periods were considered to simulate tree growth under coppice *** results revealed an overall reduction in streamflow and water yield in the catchment in line with the projected reduction in total annual ***,HIRHAM5 and RACMO models forecast a slight shift in seasonal streamflow of up to 2 months(for2024-2048)in line with the projected increase in precipitation from May to *** biomass production,the extreme climate model(RCA)and severe emis sion scenario(RCP 8.5)predicted a decrease up to 46%.However,in the less extreme and more-correlated(with actual catchment climate conditions)climate models(RACMO and HIRHAM5)and in the less extreme emission scenario(RCP 4.5),biomass production increased(up to 20%),and the growth cycle was slightly *** was proven to be a valuable tool to assess climate change impacts on a eucalypt-dominated catchment and is a suitable decision-support tool for forest managers.

关键词： Climate scenarios Forested catchments Forest ecohydrological modelling Eucalypt biomass production sWAT model

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Fourier Collocation and Reduced Basis Methods for Fast Modeling of Compressible Flows

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Communications in Computational Physics 2022年第8期32卷 595-637页

作者： Jian Yu Deep Ray jan s.Hesthaven school of Aeronautic science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Laboratory of Aero-thermal Protection Technology for Aerospace Vehicles China Aerospace Science and Technology CorporationBeijing 100048China school of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA Chair of ComputationalMathematics and simulation schience Ecole Polytechnique Federale de LausanneLausanne CH-1015Switzerland

A projection-based reduced order model(ROM)based on the Fourier collocation method is proposed for compressible *** incorporation of localized artificial viscosity model and filtering is pursued to enhance the robustness and accuracy of the ROM for shock-dominated ***,for Euler systems,ROMs built on the conservative and the skew-symmetric forms of the governing equation are *** ensure efficiency,the discrete empirical interpolation method(DEIM)is *** alternative reduction approach,exploring the sparsity of viscosity is also investigated for the viscous terms.A number of one-and two-dimensional benchmark cases are considered to test the performance of the proposed *** show that stable computations for shock-dominated cases can be achieved with ROMs built on both the conservative and the skew-symmetric forms without additional stabilization components other than the viscosity model and *** the same parameters,the skew-symmetric form shows better robustness and accuracy than its conservative counterpart,while the conservative form is superior in terms of efficiency.

关键词： Projection-based reduced order modeling Fourier collocation artificial viscosity compressible flow

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Grain size Distribution of soils within the Cordillera Blanca, Peru: An Indicator of Basic Mechanical Properties for slope stability Evaluation

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Journal of Mountain science 2014年第3期11卷 563-577页

作者： jan NOVOTNY jan KLIME ARCADIs CZ a.s. Institute of Hydrogeology Engineering Geology and Applied Geophysics Charles University in Prague Albertov Department of Engineering Geology Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i

This paper presents results of a study on the mechanical properties of sandy and gravely soils within the Cordillera Blanca, Peru. The soils were divided into groups according to their origin(glacial, fluvial, or debris flow). The grain size distribution of forty three soil samples was used to classify the soils according to the scheme of the Unified soil Classification system(UsCs). These distributions have then been used to estimate shear strength and hydraulic properties of the soils. There are clear differences between the soils which reflect their divergent origins. The glacial soils normally fit within one of two distinctive groups according to the proportion of fines(Group A, 7%-21.5%; Group B, 21%-65%). The estimation of shear strength at constant volume friction angle and peak shear strength of the glacial sediments with low content of fines was made using published data relating to the measured shear strength characteristics of soils with similar origins and grain size distributions. The estimated values were supported by measurements of the angle of repose taken from fourteen samples from two moraines and by shear tests on samples from one locality. The results of the grain size distribution werealso used to estimate the average hydraulic conductivity using the empirical Hazen formula which results were verified by field infiltration tests at two localities.

关键词： Moraines Grain size distribution shearstrength Hydraulic conductivity Cordillera Blanca Peru

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