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Cough Modulation by Upper Airway Stimuli in Cat—Potential Clinical Application?

Open Journal of Molecular and Integrative Physiology 2016年第3期6卷 35-43页

作者： Ivan Poliacek jana Plevkova Teresa Pitts Zuzana Kotmanova jan jakus Michal Simera 1Institute of Medical Biophysics Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin Comenius University in Bratislava Martin Slovakia Institute of Medical Biophysics Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin Comenius University in Bratislava Martin Slovakia simera@jfmed.uniba.sk Institute of Pathophysiology Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin Comenius University in Bratislava Martin Slovakia Department of Neurological Surgery Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center University of Louisville Louisville USA

The modulation of mechanically induced tracheobronchial cough was tested by applying various stimuli and the elicitation of other airway protective behaviors in pentobarbital anesthetized cats. Capsaicin and histamine were injected in the nose, and mechanical nylon fiber and/or air puff stimulation was applied to the nose and nasopharynx. Reflex responses of cough, sneeze, aspiration reflex and expiration reflex were induced mechanically. Swallow was initiated by the injection of water into oropharynx. Subthreshold mechanical stimulation of nasopharyngeal and nasal mucosa, as well as water stimulation in the oropharynx and larynx, with no motor response, had no effect on rhythmic coughing. Cough responsiveness and excitability increased with capsaicin and air puff stimuli delivered to the nose. Vice versa, the number of cough responses was reduced and cough latency increased when aspiration reflexes (>1) occurred before the cough stimulus or within inter-cough intervals (passive E2 cough phase). The occurrence of swallows increased the cough latency as well. Cough inspiratory and/or expiratory motor drive was enhanced by the occurrence of expiration reflexes, swallows, and sneezes and also by aspiration reflex within the inspiratory phase of cough and by nasal air puff stimuli. Complex central interactions, ordering and sequencing of motor acts from the airways may result in the disruption of cough rhythmic sequence but also in the enhancement of cough. Our data confirm that number of peripheral stimuli and respiratory motor responses significantly alters cough performance. We propose developing and testing stimulation paradigms that modify coughing and could be employed in correcting of inappropriate or excessive coughing.

关键词： Aspiration Reflex Expiration Reflex Sneeze Swallow Nasal Stimulation

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