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gPCR/endocytosis/ERK signaling/S2R is involved in the regulation of the internalization,mitochondria-targeting and-activating properties of human salivary histatin 1

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International Journal of Oral Science 2022年第3期14卷 334-348页

作者： Dandan ma Wei Sun Cuicui Fu Kamran Nazmi Enno C.I.Veerman Richard T.Jaspers jan g.m.bolscher Floris J.Bikker gang Wu Department of Oral Biochemistry Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam(ACTA)University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands School of Stomatology Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina Laboratory for myology Department of Human Movement SciencesFaculty of Behavioral and Movement SciencesAmsterdam Movement SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands Department of Oral Cell Biology Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam(ACTA)University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands Department of Oral and maxillofacial Surgery/Pathology Amsterdam UMC and Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam(ACTA)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdam Movement ScienceAmsterdamNetherlands

Human salivary histatin 1(Hst1)exhibits a series of cell-activating properties,such as promoting cell spreading,migration,and metabolic *** recently have shown that fluorescently labeled Hst1(F-Hst1)targets and activates mitochondria,presenting an important molecular ***,its regulating signaling pathways remain to be *** investigated the influence of specific inhibitors of g protein-coupled receptors(gPCR),endocytosis pathways,extracellular signal-regulated kinases1/2(ERK1/2)signaling,p38 signaling,mitochondrial respiration and Na+/K+-ATPase activity on the uptake,mitochondria-targeting and-activating properties of *** performed a si RNA knockdown(KD)to assess the effect of Sigma-2 receptor(S2R)/Transmembrane Protein 97(TmEm97)—a recently identified target protein of *** also adopted live cell imaging to monitor the whole intracellular trafficking process of *** results showed that the inhibition of cellular respiration hindered the internalization of *** inhibitors of gPCR,ERK1/2,phagocytosis,and clathrin-mediated endocytosis(CmE)as well as siRNA KD of S2R/TmEm97 significantly reduced the uptake,which was accompanied by the nullification of the promoting effect of F-Hst1 on cell metabolic *** the inhibitor of CmE and KD of S2R/TmEm97 significantly compromised the mitochondria-targeting of *** further showed the intracellular trafficking and targeting process of F-Hst1,in which early endosome plays an important ***,phagocytosis,CmE,gPCR,ERK signaling,and S2R/TmEm97 are involved in the internalization of Hst1,while only CmE and S2R/TmEm97 are critical for its subcellular *** inhibition of either internalization or mitochondria-targeting of Hst1 could significantly compromise its mitochondria-activating property.

关键词： gPCR/endocytosis/ERK signaling/S2R is involved in the regulation of the internalization mitochondria-targeting and activating properties of human salivary histatin 1 ERK

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Opportunities for large language models and discourse in engineering

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Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 136-142页

作者： jan göpfert jann m.Weinand Patrick Kuckertz Detlef Stolten Institute of Energy and Climate Research–Techno-economic Systems Analysis(IEK-3) Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHJülich52425Germany Chair for Fuel Cells RWTH Aachen UniversityFaculty of Mechanical EngineeringAachen52062Germany

In recent years, large language models have achieved breakthroughs on a wide range of benchmarks in natural language processing and continue to increase in performance. Recently, the advances of large language models have raised interest outside the natural language processing community and could have a large impact on daily life. In this paper, we pose the question: How will large language models and other foundation models shape the future product development process? We provide the reader with an overview of the subject by summarizing both recent advances in natural language processing and the use of information technology in the engineering design process. We argue that discourse should be regarded as the core of engineering design processes, and therefore should be represented in a digital artifact. On this basis, we describe how foundation models such as large language models could contribute to the design discourse by automating parts thereof that involve creativity and reasoning, and were previously reserved for humans. We describe how simulations, experiments, topology optimizations, and other process steps can be integrated into a machine-actionable, discourse-centric design process. As an example, we present a design discourse on the optimization of wind turbine blades. Finally, we outline the future research that will be necessary for the implementation of the conceptualized framework.

关键词： Product development process Conceptual design Design methodology Design generation Natural language processing Foundation models multi-modal models

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Liquid crystal immunosensors for the selective detection of Escherichia coli with a fast analysis tool

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Photonics Research 2024年第7期12卷 1564-1573页

作者： SANDRO C.OLIVEIRA mARIA S.SOARES BÁRBARA V.gONÇALVES ANDREIA C.m.RODRIgUES AmADEU m.V.m.SOARES RITA g.SOBRAL NUNO F.SANTOS jan NEDOmA PEDRO L.ALmEIDA CARLOS mARQUES CICECO-Aveiro Institute of materials Physics DepartmentUniversity of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal i3N Physics DepartmentUniversity of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy School of Sciences and TechnologyNOVA University of Lisbon1099-085 LisbonPortugal CESAm-Centre for Environmental and marine Studies and Department of Biology University of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal Department of Telecommunications VSB-Technical University of OstravaOstrava 70800Czech Republic i3N-CENImAT School of Sciences and TechnologyNOVA University of Lisbon1099-085 LisbonPortugal UnIRE ISELPolytechnic Institute of Lisbon1549-020 LisbonPortugal Department of Physics VSB-Technical University of OstravaOstrava 70800Czech Republic

The consumption of contaminated food may cause serious illnesses,and traditional methods to detect Escherichia coli are still associated with long waiting times and high costs given the necessity to transport samples to specialized *** is a need to develop new technologies that allow cheap,fast,and direct monitoring at the site of ***,in this work,we developed optical immunosensors for the selective detection of ***,based on liquid crystal technology,whose molecules can align in different manners depending on the boundary conditions (such as substrates) as well as the environment that they *** glass substrate was functionalized with *** antibody using cysteamine as an intermediate,and a vertical alignment was imposed on the liquid crystal molecules by using DmOAP during *** presence of bacteria disrupts the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules,changing the intensity of light emerging between cross polarizers,measured using a polarized optical microscope and a *** was possible to detect *** in suspensions in the concentration range from 2.8 cells/mL to 2.8×10^(9) cells∕*** was also evaluated,and the sensors were used to analyze contaminated water samples.A prototype was developed to allow faster,in-situ,and easier analysis avoiding bulky instruments.

关键词： crystal alignment analysis

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Importance of periphytic biofilms for carbon cycling in paddy fields:A review

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 36-43页

作者： Lei ZHOU Yonghong WU Junzhuo LIU Pengfei SUN Ying XU jan DOLFINg Robert gmSPENCER Erik JEPPESEN State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Zigui Three gorges Reservoir Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of ChinaYichang 443605China College of Nanjing University of Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 211135China Faculty of Energy and Environment Northumbria UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne NE18QHUK Department of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric ScienceFlorida State UniversityTallahassee FL 32306USA Department of Ecoscience&Centre for Water Technology(WATEC) Aarhus UniversityAarhus DK-8000Denmark Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research Beijing 100049China Limnology Laboratory Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Ecosystem Research and Implementation(EKOSAM)Middle East Technical UniversityAnkara 06800Turkiye Institute of marine Sciences Middle East Technical UniversityMersin 33731Turkiye

Paddy fields play an important role in global carbon(C) cycling and are an important source of methane(CH_(4)) emissions. Insights into the processes influencing the dynamics of soil organic C(SOC) in paddy fields are essential for maintaining global soil C stocks and mitigating climate change. Periphytic biofilms composed of microalgae, bacteria, and other microorganisms are ubiquitous in paddy fields, where they directly mediate the transfer of elements at the soil-water interface. However, their contributions to C turnover and exchange have been largely neglected. Periphytic biofilms affect and participate in soil C dynamics by altering both abiotic(e.g., pH and redox potential) and biotic conditions(e.g., microbial community composition and metabolism). This review summarizes the contributions of periphytic biofilms to soil C cycling processes, including carbon dioxide fixation, SOC mineralization, and CH_(4) emissions. Future research should be focused on: i) the mechanisms underlying periphytic biofilm-induced C fixation and turnover and ii) quantifying the contributions of periphytic biofilms to soil C uptake, stabilization, and sequestration in paddy fields.

关键词： carbon fixation carbon mineralization carbon sequestration methane emission microbial aggregates soil organic carbon

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Uplifting the complexity of analysis for probabilistic security of electricity supply assessments using artificial neural networks

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Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 313-326页

作者： Justin münch jan Priesmann marius Reich marius Tillmanns Aaron Praktiknjo mario Adam University of Applied Sciences Duesseldorf Centre of Innovative Energy SystemsMuensterstr.15640476 DuesseldorfGermany RWTH Aachen University E.ON Energy Research CenterChair for Energy System Economics(FCN-ESE)Mathieustrasse 1052074 AachenGermany

The energy sector faces rapid decarbonisation and decision-makers demand reliable assessments of the security of electricity supply. For this, detailed simulation models with a high temporal and technological resolution are required. When confronted with increasing weather-dependent renewable energy generation, probabilistic simulation models have proven. The significant computational costs of calculating a scenario, however, limit the complexity of further analysis. Advances in code optimization as well as the use of computing clusters still lead to runtimes of up to eight hours per scenario. However ongoing research highlights that tailor-made approximations are potentially the key factor in further reducing computing time. Consequently, current research aims to provide a method for the rapid prediction of widely varying scenarios. In this work artificial neural networks (ANN) are trained and compared to approximate the system behavior of the probabilistic simulation model. To do so, information needs to be sampled from the probabilistic simulation in an efficient way. Because only a limited space in the whole design space of the 16 independent variables is of interest, a classification is developed. Finally it required only around 35 min to create the regression models, including sampling the design space, simulating the training data and training the ANNs. The resulting ANNs are able to predict all scenarios within the validity range of the regression model with a coefficient of determination of over 0.9998 for independent test data (1.051.200 data points). They need only a few milliseconds to predict one scenario, enabling in-depth analysis in a brief period of time.

关键词： Security of electricity supply Probabilistic simulation metamodeling Artificial neural networks Regression

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Epidemiology of insertional and midportion Achilles tendinopathy in runners:A prospective cohort study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 256-263页

作者： Wenbo Chen Kyra L.A.Cloosterman Sita m.A.Bierma-Zeinstra marienke van middelkoop Robert-jan de Vos Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports medicine Erasmus MC University Medical CenterRotterdam 3015GDthe Netherlands Department of general Practice Erasmus MC University Medical CenterRotterdam 3015GDthe Netherlands Department of Sports medicine Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China

Background:Achilles tendinopathy(AT)is a common problem among *** is only limited evidence for risk factors for AT,and most studies have not defined the AT *** study has compared the incidence and risk factors between insertional AT and midportion AT,though they are considered *** study aimed to assess incidence and risk factors of AT based on data from a large prospective *** secondary aim was to explore differences in risk factors between insertional and midportion ***:Participants were recruited from among registered runners at registration for running *** were completed at baseline,1 month before the event,1 week before the event,and 1 month after the *** concerning demographics,training load,registered events,and running-related injuries were collected at *** follow-up questionnaires collected information about new injuries.A pain map was used to diagnose midportion and insertional *** primary outcome was the incidence of *** logistic regression analysis was applied to identify risk factors for the ***:We included 3379 participants with a mean follow-up of 20.4 *** incidence of AT was 4.2%.The proportion of insertional AT was 27.7%and of midportion AT was 63.8%;the remaining proportion was a combined type of insertional and midportion *** had a significantly higher incidence(5%,95%confidence interval(95%CI):4.1%-6.0%)than women(2.8%,95%CI:2.0%-3.8%).AT in the past12 months was the most predominant risk factor for new-onset AT(odds ratio(OR)=6.47,95%CI:4.27-9.81).This was similar for both subcategories of AT(insertional:OR=5.45,95%CI:2.51-11.81;midportion:OR=6.96,95%CI:4.24-11.40).Participants registering for an event with a distance of 10/10.55 km were less likely to develop a new-onset AT(OR=0.59,95%CI:0.36-0.97)or midportion AT(OR=0.47,95%CI:0.23-0.93).Higher age had a significant negative association with insertional AT(OR=0.97,95%CI:0.9

关键词： Achilles tendon injury Incidence Risk factor Running-related injury

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Hybrid LES/RANS Simulations of Compressible Flow in a Linear Cascade of Flat Blade Profiles

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第5期33卷 1839-1850页

作者： Jaromír PRIHODA Petr STRAKA David SImURDA Petr SIDLOF jan LEPICOVSKY Institute of Thermomechanics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Dolejskova 1402/518200 Prague 5Czech Republic Aerospace Research and Test Centre Beranovych 13019905 PragueCzech Republic Technical University of Liberec Faculty of MechatronicsStudentska 246117 Liberec 1Czech Republic

The paper reports on 3D numerical simulations of unsteady compressible airflow in a blade cascade consisting of flat profiles using a hybrid LES/RANS approach including a transition *** a first step towards simulation of blade flutter in turbomachinery,various incidence angle offsets of the middle blade were *** simulations were run for the flow regime characterized by outlet isentropic mach number m_(is)=0.5and zero *** results of the LES/RANS simulations(pressure and mach number distributions)were compared to a baseline RANS model,and to experimental data measured in a high-speed wind *** numerical results show that both methods overpredict flow separation taking place at the leading *** this regard,the hybrid LES/RANS method does not provide superior results compared to the traditional RANS ***,the LES/RANS results also capture vortex shedding from the blunt trailing *** frequency of the trailing edge vortex shedding in CFD simulations matches perfectly the spectral peak recorded during wind tunnel measurements.

关键词： numerical simulation blade cascade hybrid LES/RANS

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The synergies of SmAP enhanced and mODIS products in a random forest regression for estimating 1 km soil moisture over Africa using google Earth Engine

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Big Earth Data 2024年第1期8卷 33-57页

作者： Farzane mohseni Amirhossein Ahrari jan-Henrik Haunert Carsten montzka Institute of geodesy and geoinformation University of BonnBonnGermany Water Energy and Environmental Engineering Research UnitUniversity of OuluOuluFinland Institute of Bio-and geosciences:Agrosphere(IBg-3) Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHJülichGermany

Due to the coarse scale of soil moisture products retrieved from passive microwave observations(SmPmW),several downscaling methods have been developed to enable regional scale ***,it can be challenging for users to access final data products and algorithms,as well as managing different data sources and formats,various data processing methods,and the complexity of the workflows from raw data to information ***,the google Earth Engine(gEE),which as of late offers SmPmW,is used to implement a workflow for retrieving 1 km Sm at a depth of 0-5 cm using mODIS optical/thermal measurements,the Sm_(PmW)coarse scale product,and a random forest *** proposed method was implemented on the African continent to estimate weekly Sm *** results of this study were evaluated against in-situ measurements of three validation ***,in comparison to the original Sm_(PmW)product,which was limited by a spatial resolution of only 9 km,this method is able to estimate Sm at 1 km spatial resolution with acceptable accuracy(an average correlation coefficient of 0.64 and a ubRmSD of 0.069 m^(3)/m^(3)).The results show that the proposed method in gEE provides a precise estimation of Sm with a higher spatial resolution across the entire continent.

关键词： Soil moisture SmAP google Earth Engine random forest regression mODIS

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Haplotype-based phylogenetic analysis and population genomics uncover the origin and domestication of sweetpotato

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molecular Plant 2024年第2期17卷 277-296页

作者： mengxiao Yan ming Li Yunze Wang Xinyi Wang m-Hossein moeinzadeh Dora g.Quispe-Huamanquispe Weijuan Fan Yijie Fang Yuqin Wang Haozhen Nie Zhangying Wang Aiko Tanaka Bettina Heider jan F.Kreuze godelieve gheysen Hongxia Wang martin Vingron Ralph Bock Jun Yang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional genomics and Resources Shanghai Chenshan Botanical GardenShanghai 201602China College of Life Sciences Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing 401331China Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengdu 610061China College of Life Sciences Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China Department of Computational molecular Biology Max Planck Institute for Molecular GeneticsIhnestraBe 63-7314195 BerlinGermany Department of Biotechnology Ghent University9000 GhentBelgium guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crops genetics and Improvement Crop Research InstituteGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510640China graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya UniversityChikusaNagoya 464-8601Japan international Potato Center(CIP) LimaPeru CAS Center for Excellence of molecular Plant Sciences Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200233China max-Planck-Institut fur molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie Am Muhlenberg 114476 Potsdam-GolmGermany

The hexaploid sweetpotato(lpomoea batatas)is one of the most important root crops ***,its genetic origin remains controversial,and its domestication history remains *** this study,we used a range of genetic evidence and a newly developed haplotype-based phylogenetic analysis to identify two probable progenitors of *** diploid progenitor was likely closely related to lpomoea ae-quatoriensis and contributed the B,subgenome,IbT-DNA2,and the lineage 1 type of chloroplast genome to *** tetraploid progenitor of sweetpotato was most likely *** 4x,which donated the B2 subgenome,IbT-DNA1,and the lineage 2 type of chloroplast *** most likely originated from reciprocal crosses between the diploid and tetraploid progenitors,followed by a subsequent whole-genome *** addition,we detected biased gene exchanges between the subgenomes;the rate of B,to B2 subgenome conversions was nearly three times higher than that of B2 to B subgenome *** analyses revealed that genes involved in storage root formation,maintenance of genome stabil-ity,biotic resistance,sugar transport,and potassium uptake were selected during the speciation and domestication of *** study sheds light on the evolution of sweetpotato and paves the way forimprovementofthiscrop.

关键词： sweetpotato origin gene conversion domestication IbT-DNA HPA

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Ashtekar-Kodama gravity as a Classical and Quantum Extension of Loop Quantum gravity

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Journal of modern Physics 2024年第6期15卷 864-937页

作者： jan Helm Department of Electrical Engineering Technical University of Berlin Berlin Germany

This paper presents a new theory of gravity, called here Ashtekar-Kodama (AK) gravity, which is based on the Ashtekar-Kodama formulation of loop quantum gravity (LQg), yields in the limit the Einstein equations, and in the quantum regime a full renormalizable quantum gauge field theory. The three fundamental constraints (hamiltonian, gaussian and diffeomorphism) were formulated in 3-dimensional spatial form within LQg in Ashtekar formulation using the notion of the Kodama state with positive cosmological constant Λ. We introduce a 4-dimensional covariant version of the 3-dimensional (spatial) hamiltonian, gaussian and diffeomorphism constraints of LQg. We obtain 32 partial differential equations for the 16 variables Emn (E-tensor, inverse densitized tetrad of the metric) and 16 variables Amn (A-tensor, gravitational wave tensor). We impose the boundary condition: for large distance the E-generated metric g(E) becomes the gR-metric g (normally Schwarzschild-spacetime). The theory based on these Ashtekar-Kodama (AK) equations, and called in the following Ashtekar-Kodama (AK-) gravity has the following properties. • For Λ = 0 the AK equations become Einstein equations, A-tensor is trivial (constant), and the E-generated metric g(E) is identical with the gR-metric g. • When the AK-equations are developed into a Λ-power series, the Λ-term yields a gravitational wave equation, which has only at least quadrupole wave solutions and becomes in the limit of large distance r the (normal electromagnetic) wave equation. • AK-gravity, as opposed to gR, has no singularity at the horizon: the singularity in the metric becomes a (very high) peak. • AK-gravity has a limit scale of the gravitational quantum region 39 μm, which emerges as the limit scale in the objective wave collapse theory of gherardi-Rimini-Weber. In the quantum region, the AK-gravity becomes a quantum gauge theory (AK quantum gravity) with the Lie group extended SU(2) = ε-tensor-group(four gen

关键词： Quantum gravity Loop Quantum gravity general Relativity gravitational Wave gauge Field Theory graviton Hamiltonian Constraint gaussian Constraint Diffeomorphism Constraint

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