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Dynamics of lattice disorder in perovskite materials, polarization nanoclusters and ferroelectric domain wall structures

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1137-1149页

作者： jan očenášek Ján Minár Jorge Alcalá New Technologies Research Centre University of West Bohemia in Pilsen30614 PlzeňCzech Republic Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical engineering InSupETSEIBUniversitat Politècnica de Catalunya08028 BarcelonaSpain

The nexus between classic ferroelectricity and the structure of perovskite materials hinges on the concept of lattice *** the ordered perovskites display short-range displacements of the central cations around their equilibrium points,the lattice disorder dynamically unfolds to generate a myriad of distorted rhombohedral lattices characterized by the hopping of the central cations across*** is discovered that the lattice disorder correlates with the emergence of minimum configuration energypathways for the central cations,resulting in spatially modulated ultrafast polarization nanocluster arrangements that are stabilized by the electric charge defects in the *** high-resolution phonon dispersion analyses encompassing molecular dynamics(MD)and density functional theory(DFT)simulations,we provide unequivocal evidence linking the hopping of central cations to the development of diffuse soft phonon modes observed throughout the phase transitions of the *** massive MD simulations,we unveil the impact of lattice disorder on the structures of domain walls at finite-temperature vis-à-vis collective activation and deactivation of***,our simulations demonstrate the development of hierarchical morphotropic phase boundary(MPB)nanostructures under the combined influence of externally applied pressure and stress relaxation,characterized by sudden emergence of zig-zagged monoclinic arrangements that involve dualshifts of the central *** findings have implications for tailoring MPBs in thin-film structures and for the light-induced mobilization of *** are finally uncovered to the exploration of lattice disorder through gradual shear strain application.

关键词： perovskite lattice ferroelectric

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Cavitation and grain boundary sliding during creep of Mg-Y-Nd-Zn-Mn alloy

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2008年第A1期18卷 64-68页

作者： V.janíK F.HNILICA P.ZUNA V.oenek I.STULíKoV Department of Materials engineering Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringCzech Technical University in PraguePragueCzech Republic Research Institute for Metals Panenské BrezanyCzech Republic Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles UniversityPragueCzech Republic

Creep of squeeze-cast Mg-3Y-2Nd-1Zn-1Mn alloy was investigated at the constant load in the stress range of 30-80 MPa. Tensile creep tests were performed at 300℃up to the final *** tests at 50 MPa were interrupted after reaching the steady state creep;and another set of creep tests was interrupted after the onset of ternary *** of cavitated dendritic boundaries was evaluated using optical *** of grain boundary sliding by observation of the offset of marker lines was carried out on the surface of the crept specimens after the test interruption by scanning electron microscopy and by confocal laser scanning *** results show that the dominant creep mechanism in this alloy is dislocation creep with minor contribution of the grain boundary *** failure took place by the nucleation,growth and coalescence of creep cavities on the boundaries predominantly oriented perpendicular to the applied *** amount of cavitated boundaries with time of creep exposure supports the mechanism of continuous cavity nucleation and growth.

关键词：镁合金锌合金锰合金高温测试

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oligodendroglial heterogeneity in health,disease,and recovery:deeper insights into myelin dynamics

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3179-3192页

作者： Pieter-jan Serneels Julie D.De Schutter Lies De Groef Lieve Moons Steven Bergmans KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionNeural Circuit Development&Regeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionCellular Communication&Neurodegeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium

Decades of research asserted that the oligodendroglial lineage comprises two cell types:oligodendrocyte precursor cells and ***,recent studies employing single-cell RNA sequencing techniques have uncovered novel cell states,prompting a revision of the existing *** forward,the oligodendroglial lineage should be delineated into five distinct cell states:oligodendrocyte precursor cells,committed oligodendrocyte precursor cells,newly formed oligodendrocytes,myelin-forming oligodendrocytes,and mature *** new classification system enables a deeper understanding of the oligodendroglia in both physiological and pathological *** this uniform terminology will facilitate comparison and integration of data across ***,including the consolidation of findings from various demyelinating models,is essential to better understand the pathogenesis of demyelinating ***,comparing injury models across species with varying regenerative capacities can provide insights that may lead to new therapeutic strategies to overcome remyelination ***,by standardizing terminology and synthesizing data from diverse studies across different animal models,we can enhance our understanding of myelin pathology in central nervous system disorders such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,all of which involve oligodendroglial and myelin dysfunction.

关键词： animal models demyelination fish mammals multiple sclerosis myelin neurodegeneration oligodendrocytes oligodendroglial lineage remyelination

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endoscopic ultrasound-guided transrectal drainage of a pelvic abscess after Hinchey Ⅱ sigmoid colon diverticulitis: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第12期11卷 2848-2854页

作者： jan Drnovšek ŽanČebron jan Grosek Jurij janež Department of Gastroenterology University Medical Centre LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia Faculty of Medicine University of LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia Department of Abdominal Surgery University Medical Centre LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia

BACKGRoUND Acute diverticulitis is one of the most prevalent complications of diverticular disease and may result in abscess formation, perforation, fistula formation, obstruction, or bleeding. Diverticular abscesses may be initially treated with antibiotics and/or percutaneous drainage and/or surgery. endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided drainage techniques are increasingly used as a minimally invasive alternative to percutaneous or surgical approaches, as they are associated with better treatment outcomes, shorter recovery time and duration of *** SUMMARY A 57-year-old female presented to the emergency department on account of abdominal pain and fever. Clinical examination revealed tenderness in the left lower abdominal quadrant, with elevated inflammatory markers in laboratory tests. Abdominal computed tomography(CT) revealed an 8 cm × 8 cm × 5 cm well-encapsulated abscess of the sigmoid colon, surrounded by numerous diverticula. A diagnosis of Hinchey Ⅱ diverticular abscess was made, and the patient was admitted and commenced on appropriate antibiotic treatment. A transrectal EUS showed a fluid collection in direct contact with the sigmoid colon. Transluminal drainage was performed, and a lumen-apposing metal stent was inserted into the abscess collection. A follow-up CT scan showed a regression of the collection. The patient’s general condition improved, and the stent was removed during a follow-up transrectal EUS that revealed no visible *** We report the first successful management of a pelvic abscess in patient with Hinchey Ⅱ acute diverticulitis using EUS-guided transluminal drainage in Slovenia. The technique appears effective for well-encapsulated intra-abdominal abscesses larger than 4 cm in direct contact with the intestinal wall of left colon.

关键词： Acute diverticulitis Diverticular disease Pelvic abscess endoscopic drainage Case report

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Single balloon enteroscopy for endoscopic retrograde cholangiography in patients with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejuno anastomosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第44期19卷 8047-8055页

作者： Bohuslav Kianika jan Lata Ivo Novotny Petr Dítě Jirí Vaníek 2nd Clinic of Internal Medicine Department of Gastroenterology St. Anne’s University Hospital Brno 656 91 Brno Czech Republic University of ostrava Faculty of Medicine 703 00 Ostrava Czech Republic Department of Gastroenterology Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute 602 00 Brno Czech Republic Academic Centre of Digestive oncology Faculty of Medicine University of Ostrava 703 00 Ostrava Czech Republic Department of Diagnostic Imaging and International Clinical Research Center (ICRC) St. Anne’s University Hospital Brno 656 91 Brno Czech Republic

AIM:To evaluate single balloon enteroscopy in diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiography(ERC)in patients with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunoanastomosis(HJA).METHoDS:The study took place from january 2009to December 2011 and we retrospectively assessed 15patients with Roux-en-Y HJA who had signs of biliary *** total,23 ERC procedures were performed in these patients and a single balloon videoen-teroscope(olympus SIF Q 180)was used in all of the cases.A transparent overtube was drawn over the videoenteroscope and it freely moved on the working part of the *** distal end was equipped with a silicone balloon that was inflated by air from an external pump at a pressure of≤5.4 *** technical limitations or rather the parameters of the single balloon enteroscope(working length-200 cm,diameter of the working channel-2.8 mm,absence of Albarran bridge)showed the need for special endoscopic ***:Cannulation success was reached in diagnostic ERC in 12 of 15 *** findings were normal in 1 of 12 *** in the remaining 11 patients showed some pathological *** of these(cystic bile duct dilation)was subsequently resolved *** treatment was initialized in the remaining 10 patients(5 with HJA stenosis,2 with choledocholithiasis,and 3 with both).This treatment was successful in 9 of 10 *** endoscopic therapeutic procedures included:balloon dilatation of HJA stenosis-11 times(7 patients);choledocholitiasis extraction-five times(5 patients);biliary plastic stent placement-six times(4 patients);and removal of biliary stents placed by us-six times(4 patients).The mean time of performing a single ERC was 72 *** longest procedure took 110 min and the shortest took34 *** shows that it is necessary to allow for more time in individual ***,these procedures require the presence of an *** did not observe any complications in these 15 ***

关键词： Single balloon enteroscopy endoscopic retrograde cholangiography Roux-Y hepaticojejunoanastomosis endoscopic diagnosis endoscopic treatment

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Medical implants by using RP and investment casting technologies

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China Foundry 2011年第1期8卷 107-111页

作者： Milan Horáek ondej Charvát Tomá Pavelka Josef Sedlák Martin Madaj Jindich Nejedl jan Dvoáek Faculty of Mechanical engineering Institute of Manufacturing Technology-Department of Foundry EngineeringBrno University of Technology

The paper deals with the production technology of knee joint replacement by using rapid prototyping *** aim of the work is to outline the manufacturing technology intended for prototype production with the use of rapid prototyping and investment casting technology for use in orthopaedics and the surgery of knee joint *** research results should make an effective contribution in the attempts to minimize the invasive surgical procedure,shorten the production of knee joint replacement as well as reduce the *** present,the research is focused on the preparation of STL data from CT (Computed Tomography) and verification of the production technology of prototypes made using available RP technology and its evaluation.

关键词： rapid prototyping investment casting knee joint replacement computed tomography

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enhancement of the ‘tractor-beam’ pulling force on an optically bound structure

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Light(Science & Applications) 2017年第1期6卷 136-141页

作者： jana Damková Lukáš Chvátal jan Ježek Jindřich oulehla oto Brzobohatý Pavel Zemánek Institute of Scientific Instruments of the CAS v.v.i.Královopolská147Brno 61264Czech Republic

Recently,increasing attention has been devoted to mastering a new technique of optical delivery of micro-objects tractorbeam’1–*** beams have uniform intensity profiles along their propagation direction and can exert a negative force that,in contrast to the familiar pushing force associated with radiation pressure,pulls the scatterer toward the light *** was experimentally observed that under certain circumstances,the pulling force can be significantly enhanced6 if a non-spherical scatterer,for example,a linear chain of optically bound objects10–12,is optically *** we demonstrate that motion of two optically bound objects in a tractor beam strongly depends on theirs mutual distance and spatial *** configuration-dependent optical forces add extra flexibility to our ability to control matter with *** these interactions opens the door to new applications involving the formation,sorting or delivery of colloidal self-organized structures.

关键词： beam scatter mutual

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Solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas: Clinical experience and literature review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第9期11卷 1403-1409页

作者： Hsueh-Lien Huang Shou-Chuan Shih Wen-Hsiung Chang Tsang-en Wang Ming-Jen Chen Yu-jan Chan Division of Gastroenterology

AIM: To evaluate the clinical presentations of solidpseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas (SPT) and examine the diagnosis, treatment, low grade malignant potential of this rare ***: We retrospectively reviewed a series of seven patients with SPT managed in our hospital between July 1990 and october 2003. Six females and one male with mean age of 31 years (range 13 to 50 years) were diagnosed with SPT at our ***: Clinical presentation included a palpable abdominal mass in two patients and vague abdominal discomfort in another two. Two patients were asymptomatic;their tumors were found incidentally on abdominal sonographic examination for other reasons. The final patient was admitted with hemoperitoneum secondary to tumor rupture. The mean diameter of the tumors in the seven patients was 10.5 cm (range 5 to 20 cm). The lesions were located in the body and tail in five cases and in the head of the pancreas in two. Surgical procedures included distal pancreatectomy (3), distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy (2), pancreaticoduodenectomy (1) and a pylorus-preserving Whipple procedure (1). There were gross adhesions or histological evidence of infiltration to the adjacent pancreas and/or splenic capsule in four cases. None of the patients received adjuvant *** mean follow up was 7 years (range 0.5 to 14 years).one patient developed multiple liver metastases after 14 years of follow ***: SPT is a rare tumor that behaves less aggressively than other pancreatic tumor. However, in cases with local invasion, long-term follow up is advisable.

关键词： Solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas Distal pancreatectomy Pancreaticoduodenectomy

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The significance of cherts as markers of ocean Plate Stratigraphy and paleoenvironmental conditions:New insights from the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian Blovice accretionary wedge,Bohemian Massif

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第1期14卷 162-180页

作者： LukášAckerman Jirízák Václav Kachlík jan Pašava KarelZák Andreas Pack František Veselovsky Ladislav Strnad Institute of Geology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Rozvojová269CZ-16500 Prague 6Czech Republic Czech Geological Survey Klárov3CZ-11821 Prague 1Czech Republic Institute of Geology and Paleontology Faculty of ScienceCharles UniversityAlbertov 6Prague 12843Czech Republic Geowissenschaftliches Zentrum Universität GöttingenGoldschmidtstraβe 1D-37077 GöttingenGermany Laboratories of the Geological Institutes Faculty of ScienceCharles UniversityAlbertov 6Prague 12843Czech Republic

The Ediacaran to early Cambrian Blovice accretionary complex,Bohemian Massif,hosts abundant chert bodies that formed on an oceanic plate and were involved in subduction beneath the northern margin of *** relationships of cherts to their host,their microstructure and elemental as well as isotopic compositions revealed diverse processes of chert petrogenesis reflecting depositional environment and position on the oceanic *** deep-water cherts formed through a hydrothermal precipitation of silica-rich gels on outer trench swell of the subducted slab with none or only minor addition of terrigenous *** the contrary,the shallow-water cherts formed in lagoons on seamount slopes,and at least some of them represent a product of hydrothermal replacement of former carbonate and/or evaporite *** both chert types,the hydrothermal fluids were of low temperature and continuous pervasive hydrothermal alteration of oceanic crust,together with an elevated Si content in Neoproterozoic seawater,served as the major source of *** the other hand,minor carbon enrichment in chert is mostly linked to variable incorporation of organic matter that was deposited on the *** earth element(REE)systematics of the cherts indicate predominantly oxygenated environment for the shallow-water cherts whereas the deep-water cherts were deposited in diverse redox conditions,depending on their distance from hydrothermal *** these data,we demonstrate that the cherts once formed a part of ocean Plate Stratigraphy(oPS)now dismembered and mixed with terrigenous siliciclastic material to form oPS mé*** our data with those from the existing literature,we show that cherts can serve as significant markers of oPS since the Archean,recording a complex interplay between seafloor-related volcanic(production of MoRB-and oIB-like magmas)and sedimentary processes,hydrothermal activity at mid-ocean ridges and seamount chains as well as at outer slopes o

关键词： Chert Accretionary wedge Ediacaran Triple oxygen isotopes Strontium isotopes ocean Plate Stratigraphy

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Specific detection of the floodwater mosquitoes Aedes sticticus and Aedes vexans DNA in predatory diving beetles

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Insect Science 2015年第4期22卷 549-559页

作者： Thomas Z. Persson Vinnersten Peter Halvarsson jan o. Lundstrom Department of Ecology and Genetics Evolutionary Biology Centre Uppsala University SE-75236 Uppsala Swedish Biological Mosquito Control Project Nedre Dalalvens Utvecklings AB Gysinge Sweden

Floodwater mosquitoes （Diptera： Culicidae） are associated with periodically flooded wet meadows, marshes, and swamps in floodplains of major rivers worldwide, and their larvae are abundant in the shallow parts of flooded areas. The nuisance caused by the blood-seeking adult female mosquitoes motivates mosquito control. Larviciding with Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis is considered the most environmentally safe method. However, some concern has been raised whether aquatic predatory insects could be indi- rectly affected by this reduction in a potential vital prey. Top predators in the temporary wetlands in the River Dal/ilven floodplains are diving beetles （Coleoptera： Dytiscidae）, and Aedes sticticus andAe, vexans are the target species for mosquito control. For detailed stud- ies on this aquatic predator-prey system, we developed a polymerase chain reaction （PCR） assay for detection of mosquito DNA in the guts of medinm-sized diving beetles. Primers were designed for amplifying short mitochondrial DNA fragments of the cytochrome C oxidase subunit I （CoI） gene in Ae. sticticus and Ae. vexans, respectively. Primer speci- ficity was confirmed and half-life detectability ofAe. sticticus DNA in diving beetle guts was derived from a feeding and digestion experiment. The Ae. sticticus DNA within diving beetle guts was detected up to 12 h postfeeding, and half-life detectability was estimated to 5.6 h. In addition, field caught diving beetles were screened for Ae. sticticus and Ae. vexans DNA and in 14% of the diving beetles one or both mosquito species were detected, showing that these mosquito species are utilized as food by the diving beetles.

关键词： Aedes sticticus Dytiscidae floodwater mosquitoes gut content analysis half-life detectability PCR

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