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Lifestyle changes in coronary heart disease—Effects of cardiac rehabilitation programs with focus on intensity, duration and content—A systematic review

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Open Journal of Nursing 2012年第4期2卷 420-430页

作者： Camilla Strid Hans Lingfors Bengt Fridlund jan martensson Department of Medicine HoglandssjukhusetEksjoSweden Health Centre of Habo and Development Unit for Primary Health Care JonkopingSweden Department of Nursing School of Health SciencesJonkopingSweden

Background: Although coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common cause of death worldwide the literature shows a wide variation in the arrangement of cardiac rehabilitation and achieved lifestyle changes. Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of intensity (number of patient follow-ups), duration (length of intervention) and content in cardiac rehabilitation programs (CRP) regarding lifestyle changes in patients with CHD. Method: A systematic literature review of articles published in the databases PubMed and CINAHL between 1990 and 2007 was conducted. This resulted in 1120 hits of which 25 articles finally met the set criteria for inclusion. Results: The majority of significant positive results on lifestyle factors were shown among the studies describing high intensity and long duration. Included studies showed a wide variation in content, but four different interventions (informative content, educational content, practical content, behavioral and self care-oriented content) emerged. The group of studies which contained all four interventions focused on most lifestyle factors and achieved the most significant positive results. Conclusion: This systematic literature review shows that CRP should include high intensity, long duration and an intervention content covering information, knowledge, practical training, self care-activity and behavior changes in order to achieve effect on all four lifestyle factors of diet, physical activity and exercise, smoking and stress. Lifestyle changes can be reached in less lifestyle factors, with a longer duration and a variation of intensity of contacts but in combining with an informative and educational content with an additional content of a practical nature or self activity.

关键词： Coronary Heart Disease Secondary Prevention Cardiac Rehabilitation Lifestyle Intensity Duration Content Systematic Review

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Factors influencing female patients’ recovery after their first myocardial infarction as experienced by cardiac rehabilitation nurses

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Open Journal of Nursing 2013年第2期3卷 230-240页

作者： Inger Wieslander jan martensson Bengt Fridlund Petra Svedberg School of Social and Health Sciences Halmstad UniversityHalmstadSweden School of Health Sciences Jonkoping UniversityJonkopingSweden

Background: In the developed part of the world, coronary heart disease is the major cause of death and is one of the leading causes of disease burden. In Sweden, more than 30,000 people per year are affected by myocardial infarction and out of these approximately 40% are women. Nearly 70% of the women survive and after a myocardial infarction a recovery process follows. Today’s health care focuses more on treatment, symptoms and risk factors than on the individuals’ perceptions of the recovery process. Aim: To explore cardiac rehabilitation nurses’ experiences of factors influencing female patients’ recovery after their first myocardial infarction. Methods: Twenty cardiac rehabilitation nurses were interviewed. The study was conducted using qualitative content analysis. Results: The cardiac rehabilitation nurses experienced that women’s recovery after a first myocardial infarction was influenced whether they had a supportive context, their ability to cope with the stresses of life, if they wanted to be involved in their own personal care and how they related to themselves. Conclusions: Women’s recovery after a myocardial infarction was influenced by factors related to surroundings as well as own individual factors. The underlying meaning of women’s recovery can be described as the transition process of a recovery to health. Our findings suggest that a focus on person-centered nursing would be beneficial in order to promote the every woman’s personal and unique recovery after a myocardial infarction. Finally, the cardiac rehabilitation nurses’ experiences of factors influencing male patients’ recovery after their first myocardial infarction should be important to investigate.

关键词： Cardiac Rehabilitation Nurses Myocardial Infarction Recovery Transition Process Women

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