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Anatomical changes in the somatosensory system after large sensory loss predict strategies to promote functional recovery after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第4期11卷 575-577页

作者： Chia-Chi liao jamie l.reed Hui-Xin Qi Department of Psychology Vanderbilt University

Among cases of spinal cord injury are injuries involving the dorsal column in the cervical spinal cord that interrupt the major cutaneous afferents from the hand to the cuneate nucleus（Cu）in the *** of touch and pro... 详细信息

关键词： DCl Anatomical changes in the somatosensory system after large sensory loss predict strategies to promote functional recovery after spinal cord injury

A systematic scoping review of study methodology for randomized controlled trials investigating probiotics in athletic and physically active populations

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 61-71页

作者： Alex E.Mohr David B.Pyne Geovana Silva Fogaça leite Deborah Akins jamie Pugh College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85004USA Research Institute for Sport and Exercise University of CanberraCanberraACT 2617Australia laboratory of Functional Fermented Food Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of São PauloSão Paulo 05508-030Brazil Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpool L33AFUK

Background:The purported ergogenic and health effects of probiotics have been a topic of great intrigue among researchers,practitioners,and the lay public *** has also been an increased research focus within the realm of sports science and exercise medicine on the athletic gut ***,compared to other ergogenic aids and dietary supplements,probiotics present unique study *** objectives of this systematic scoping review were to identify and characterize study methodologies of randomized controlled trials investigating supplementation with probiotics in athletes and physically active ***:Four databases(MEDlINE,CINAHl,Cochrane CENTRAl,and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)were searched for randomized controlled studies involving healthy athletes or physically active *** intervention with probiotics and inclusion of a control and/or placebo group were *** peer-reviewed articles in English were considered,and there were no date *** were extracted and presented in tabular form to detail study protocols,characteristics,and *** in randomized controlled trials was determined with the RoB 2.0 ***:A total of 45 studies were included in the review,with 35 using a parallel group design and 10 using a cross-over *** half the studies used a single probiotic and the other half a multi-strain *** probiotic dose ranged from 2×10^(8)to 1×10^(11)colony forming units daily,and the length of intervention was between 7 and 150 *** than half the studies directly assessed gastrointestinal symptoms,gut permeability,or the gut *** sex ratio of participants was heavily weighted toward males,and only 3 studies exclusively investigated ***-level adverse events were reported in only 2 studies,although the methodology of reporting varied *** risk of bias was generally low,although details on randomization were lacking in some s

关键词： Exercise Experimental methodology Gastrointestinal symptoms Gut microbiota Probiotic supplementation

Ten misconceptions regarding decision-making in critical care

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2024年第2期13卷 72-82页

作者： Tara Ramaswamy jamie l Sparling Marvin G Chang Edward A Bittner Department of Anesthesiology Perioperative and Pain MedicineStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA 94305United States Department of Anesthesia Critical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114United States

Diagnostic errors are prevalent in critical care practice and are associated with patient harm and costs for providers and the healthcare *** complexity,illness severity,and the urgency in initiating proper treatment all contribute to decision-making ***-related factors such as fatigue,cognitive overload,and inexperience further interfere with effective *** science has provided insight into the clinical decision-making process that can be used to reduce *** evidence-based review discusses ten common misconceptions regarding critical care *** understanding how practitioners make clinical decisions and examining how errors occur,strategies may be developed and implemented to decrease errors in Decision-making and improve patient outcomes.

关键词： Clinical reasoning Cognitive bias Critical care Debiasing strategies decision making Diagnostic reasoning Diagnostic error Heuristics Medical knowledge Patient safety

An emerging terpolymeric nanoparticle pore former as an internal recrystallization inhibitor of celecoxib in controlled release amorphous solid dispersion beads:Experimental studies and molecular dynamics analysis

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第6期14卷 2669-2684页

作者： jamie Anne lugtu-Pe Xuning Zhang Sako Mirzaie Hao Han R.Chang Nour Al-Mousawi Kuan Chen Yongqiang li Anil Kane Daniel Bar-Shalom Xiao Yu Wu Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery laboratory Leslie Dan Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of TorontoToronto M5S 3M2Canada Candoo Pharmatech Company Inc. Mississauga L5N 5M1Canada Department of Pharmacy University of CopenhagenCopenhagen DK-2100Denmark Patheon by Thermo Fisher Scientific Toronto Region Operations(TRO)Mississauga L5N 3X4Canada

Solid oral controlled release formulations feature numerous clinical advantages for drug candidates with adequate solubility and dissolution ***,most new chemical entities exhibit poor water solubility,and hence are exempt from such *** combining drug amorphization with controlled release formulation is promising to elevate drug solubility,like other supersaturating systems,the problem of drug recrystallization has yet to be resolved,particularly within the dosage ***,we explored the potential of an emerging,non-leachable terpolymer nanoparticle(TPN)pore former as an internal recrystallization inhibitor within controlled release amorphous solid dispersion(CRASD)beads comprising a poorly soluble drug(celecoxib)reservoir and insoluble polymer(ethylcellulose)*** to conventional pore former,polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP),TPN-containing membranes exhibited superior structural integrity,less crystal formation at the CRASD bead surface,and greater extent of celecoxib ***-atom molecular dynamics analyses revealed that in the presence of TPN,intra-molecular bonding,crystal formation tendency,diffusion coefficient,and molecular flexibility of celecoxib were reduced,while intermolecular H-bonding was increased as compared to *** work suggests that selection of a pore former that promotes prolonged molecular separation within a nanoporous controlled release membrane structure may serve as an effective strategy to enhance amorphicity preservation inside CRASD.

关键词： Controlled release amorphous solid dispersion Poorly soluble drug Internal recrystallization Membrane-reservoir coated beads Molecular dynamics simulation Effect of pore formers Terpolymer nanogel Drug-polymer interactions

Associations between health-related fitness and patient-reported symptoms in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 851-862页

作者： Ki-Yong An Fernanda Z.Arthuso Myriam Filion Spencer J.Allen Stephanie M.Ntoukas Gordon J.Bell Jessica McNeil Qinggang Wang Margaret l.McNeely Jeff K.Vallance lin Yang S.Nicole Culos-reed leanne Dickau John R.Mackey Christine M.Friedenreich Kerry S.Courneya Faculty of Kinesiology Sportand RecreationCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2H9Canada Department of Kinesiology School of Health and Human SciencesUniversity of North Carolina at GreensboroGreensboroNC 27412USA Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research Cancer Care AlbertaAlberta Health ServicesCalgary T2S 3C3Canada Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2H9Canada Faculty of Health Disciplines Athabasca UniversityAthabasca T9S 3A3Canada Department of Oncology Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgary T2N 4N1Canada Faculty of Kinesiology University of CalgaryCalgary T2N 1N4Canada Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2H9Canada

Background:Newly diagnosed breast cancer patients experience symptoms that may affect their quality of life,treatment outcomes,and *** and managing breast cancer-related symptoms soon after diagnosis is *** purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between health-related fitness(HRF)and patient-reported symptoms in newly diagnosed breast cancer ***:This study utilized baseline data from the Alberta Moving Beyond Breast Cancer Cohort Study that were collected within 90 days of *** measures included peak cardiopulmonary fitness(peak volume of oxygen consumption(VO_(2peak))),maximal muscular strength and endurance,flexibility,and body *** measures included depression,sleep quality,and *** multivariable logistic regression was performed for ***:Of 1458 participants,51.5%reported poor sleep quality,26.5%reported significant fatigue,and 10.4%reported moderate *** multivariable-adjusted models,lower relative VO_(2peak)was independently associated with a greater likelihood of all symptom measures,including moderate depression(pleep quality(p=0.009),significant fatigue(p=0.008),any symptom(pltiple symptoms(pld associations with all symptom measures such that all 3 lower quartiles exhibited similar elevated risk compared to the highest *** strength of the threshold associations varied by the symptom measure with odds ratios ranging from-1.5 for poor sleep quality to-3.0 for moderate depression and multiple ***,lower relative upper body muscular endurance was also independently associated with fatigue in a dose-response manner(p=0.001),and higher body weight was independently associated with poor sleep quality in an inverted U pattern(p=0.021).Conclusion:Relative VO_(2peak)appears to be a critical HRF component associated with multiple patient-reported symptoms in newly diag

关键词： Breast cancer Fatigue Depression Sleep quality Cardiorespiratory fitness

The relationship of high-intensity cross-training with arterial stiffness

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第4期8卷 370-375页

作者： jamie F.Burr Jenny l.Beck John J.Durocher Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences University of GuelphGuelphON NIG 2W1Canada Applied Human Sciences University of Prince Edward IslandCharlottetownPE CIA 4P3Canada Department of Biological Sciences Michigan Technological UniversityHoughtonMI 49931USA

Background'.Central arterial stiffness is a cardiovascular risk factor that can be readily affected through engagement in physical exercise training,with resistance and aerobic exercise having disparate *** the growing popularity of high-intensity cross-training(HICT),little is currently known about the effects of this mixed modality exercise stimulus on arterial ***,the purpose of this study was to characterize the arterial stiffness of habitual HICT participants *** active and sedentary controls using a cross-sectional ***'.A total of 30 participants were recruited:10 middle-aged long-term participants of HICT(CrossFit)and 20 age,sex,and height matched controls(10 recreationally active,10 sedentary).Central and peripheral pulse wave velocities were measured for the carotid-femoral and femoral-dorsalis pedis arterial *** fitness(maximal oxygen uptake,VChmax)was measured and typical exercise participation rates were self-reported for each ***'.HICT participants manifested central pulse wave velocity(PWV)(5.3±1.0 m/s,mean±SD)and VChmax(43±6 ml/kg/min)values nearly identical to active *** active groups had significantly better values than sedentary controls(7.1±1.0 m/s,p≤0.001;and 32±7 ml/kg/min,p=0.01).No differences were observed in peripheral PWV between ***'.Habitual participation in HICT exercise was not associated with increased central nor peripheral arterial ***-term HICT participants presented with similar fitness and arterial stiffness as compared with participants who practiced traditional aerobic *** to sedentary living,HICT may offer musculoskeletal and cardiovascular health benefits without negatively impacting arterial stiffness.

关键词： Circuit training CrossFit Pulse wave velocity Resistance exercise Vascular Weight training

Poor maternal nutrition inhibits muscle development in ovine offspring

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第1期6卷 79-89页

作者： Sarah A reed Joseline S Raja Maria l Hoffman Steven A Zinn Kristen E Govoni Department of Animal Science University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA

Background： Maternal over and restricted nutrition has negative consequences on the muscle of offspring by reducing muscle fiber number and altering regulators of muscle growth. To determine if over and restricted maternal nutrition affected muscle growth and gene fed 60%, 100% or 140% of National Research Council and protein expression in offspring, 36 pregnant ewes were requirements from d 31 ＋ 1,3 of gestation until parturition. lambs from control-fed （CON）, restricted-fed （RES） or over-fed （OVER） ewes were necropsied within 1 d of birth （n = 18） or maintained on a control diet for 3 mo （n = ] 5）. Semitendinosus muscle was collected for immunohistochemistry, and protein and gene expression analysis. Results： Compared with CON, muscle fiber cross-sectional area （CSA） increased in RES （58%） and OVER （47%） lambs at 1 d of age （P〈 0.01）; however at 3 mo, CSA decreased 15% and 17% compared with CON, respectively （P 〈 0.01）. Compared with CON, muscle lipid content was increased in OVER （212.4%） and RES （92.5%） at d 1 （P 〈 0.0001）. Muscle lipid content was increased 36.1% in OVER and decreased 23.6% in RES compared with CON at 3 mo （P 〈 0.0001）. At d 1, myostatin mRNA abundance in whole muscle tended to be greater in OVER （P = 0.07） than CON. Follistatin mRNA abundance increased in OVER （P = 0.04） and tended to increase in RES （P = 0.06） compared with CON at d 1. However, there was no difference in myostatin or follistatin protein expression （P 〉 0.3）. Phosphorylated Akt （ser473） was increased in RES at 3 mo compared with CON （P = 0.006）. Conclusions： In conclusion, maternal over and restricted nutrient intake alters muscle lipid content and growth of offspring, possibly through altered gene and protein expression.

关键词： Growth Maternal nutrition Muscle development Sheep

Matrix Crack Detection by an Embedded Polarimetric Sensor

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2006年第2期22卷 220-224页

作者： H. Wang S.l. Ogin A.M. Thorne G. T.reed School-of Engineering University of Surrey Guildford Surrey GU2 5XH UK School of Electronic Engineering Information and Mathematics University of Surrey Guildford Surrey GU2 5XH UK

Polarimetric optical fibre sensors have been embedded within the 0° ply and close to the 0/90 interface of transparent cross-ply GFRP coupons. The laminate ply cracks may initiate and propagate across the coupon when the coupons were subjected to an increasing quasi-static load in a servo-hydraulic testing machine. Crack accumulation have been monitored using a long gauge-length extensometer. The response of the strain signal, the optical signal and the load signal to cracks at different positions in the coupon in relation to the extensometer and optical sensor positions have been acquired and compared by means of video images of the crack growth. The relationship between crack growth and sensor response was demonstrated. The displacement induced by a new transverse crack has been predicted and compared with experimental data.

关键词： Matrix cracking Polarimetric sensor Fourier analysis

Stress response silencing by an E3 ligase mutated in neurodegeneration

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四川生理科学杂志 2024年第1期46卷 21-21页

作者： Diane l Haakonsen Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of California at Berkeley Berkeley CA USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of California at Berkeley Berkeley CA USA Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of California at Berkeley Berkeley CA USA Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA. Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA

Stress response pathways detect and alleviate adverse conditions to safeguard cell and tissue homeostasis,yet their prolonged activation induces apoptosis and disrupts organismal *** stress responses are turned off at the right time and place remains poorly *** we report a ubiquitin-dependent mechanism that silences the cellular response to mitochondrial protein import stress.

关键词： homeostasis silence turned