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Evaluatingα-galactosylceramide as an adjuvant for live attenuated infuenza vaccines in pigs

Animal Diseases 2022年第4期2卷 231-245页

作者： Bianca l.Artiaga Igor Morozov Russell Ransburgh Taeyong Kwon Velmurugan Balaraman Sabarish V.Indran Darling Melany De Carvalho Madrid Weihong Gu jamie Henningson Wenjun Ma Jürgen A.Richt John P.Driver Department of Diagnostic Medicine&Pathobiology College of Veterinary MedicineKansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA Division of Animal Sciences University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211USA Department of Animal Sciences University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA

Natural killer T(NKT)cells activated with the glycolipid ligandα-galactosylceramide(α-GalCer)stimulate a wide variety of immune cells that enhance vaccine-mediated immune *** studies have used this approach to adjuvant inactivated and subunit infuenza A virus(IAV)vaccines,including to enhance cross-protective infuenza ***,less is known about whetherα-GalCer can enhance live attenuated infuenza virus(lAIV)vaccines,which usually induce superior heterologous and heterosubtypic immunity compared to non-replicating infuenza *** current study used the swine infuenza challenge model to assess whetherα-GalCer can enhance cross-protective immune responses elicited by a recombinant H3N2 lAIV vaccine(TX98ΔNS1)encoding a truncated NS1 *** one study,weaning pigs were administered the H3N2 TX98ΔNS1 lAIV vaccine with 0,10,50,and 100μg/kg doses ofα-GalCer,and subsequently challenged with a heterologous H3N2 *** treatment groups were protected from ***,the addition ofα-GalCer appeared to suppress nasal shedding of the lAIV *** another experiment,pigs vaccinated with the H3N2 lAIV,with or without 50μg/kg ofα-GalCer,were challenged with the heterosubtypic pandemic H1N1 *** vaccinated with the lAIV alone generated cross-reactive humoral and cellular responses which blocked virus replication in the airways,and signifcantly decreased virus *** the other hand,combining the vaccine withα-GalCer reduced cross-protective cellular and antibody responses,and resulted in higher virus titers in respiratory *** fndings suggest that:(i)high doses ofα-GalCer impair the replication and nasal shedding of the lAIV vaccine;and(ii)α-GalCer might interfere with heterosubtypic cross-protective immune *** research raise concerns that should be considered before trying to use NKT cell agonists as a possible adjuvant approach for lAIV vaccines.

关键词： Natural killer T cell Infuenza A virus Vaccine live attenuated infuenza virus Adjuvant α-Galactosylceramide Swine

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Structural effects of reedbed grazing and its cessation on reed-nesting songbird densities

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 238-248页

作者： Thomas Pagnon Clemence Pechinot lea Sgro Jeremie Demay Remi Jullian Regis Gallais Brigitte Poulin Cyril Marmoex Theria Ecologie 6 avenue des martyrs05400VeynesFrance UMR 6249 Chrono-Environnement CNRSUniversite de Franche-Comte16 route de Gray25000BesanconFrance Conservatoire d’Espaces Naturels d’Occitanie 26 alle de Mycenes34000MontpellierFrance Office Français de la Biodiversite 12 cours Lumiere94300VincennesFrance Tour du Valat Research Institute for the Conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands Le Sambuc13200ArlesFrance

reedbeds are crucial breeding habitats for vulnerable songbird *** of their protection status,these habitats may be threatened by organic matter accumulation,progressively leading to structural homoge-nization and habitat succession towards *** prevent excessive litter build-up with various in-terventions opening-up the reedbeds,such as grazing,which may be detrimental or suitable for some reed bird *** assessed the effects of extensive grazing by horses and its cessation in the medium and long terms on reedbed structure,and the consequences on reed-nesting songbird densities in Estagnol Nature Reserve,a pro-tected wetland near the French Mediterranean *** compared reedbed structural features between grazed,newly ungrazed and old-ungrazed *** nine years,we censused four songbird species in spring and collected water level data in the same survey *** reduced reedbed extent,rejuvenated the vegetation with more short green stems on a thinner litter,and produced higher structural heterogeneity and discontinuity compared to long-lasting non *** ungrazed plot showed intermediate *** surveyed songbird total densities were similar among plots while species numbers and densities *** reedbed was more attractive to Moustached Warblers(Acrocephalus melanopogon)and Great reed Warblers(Acrocephalus arundi-naceus),likely due to the large edges and the high vegetation structural ***,Moustached Warblers were more negatively affected by higher water level in grazed reedbed,presumably because flooding prevents litter *** newly ungrazed reedbed was not preferred by any *** warbler species were found under low density in the old-ungrazed reedbed,where reed Buntings(Emberiza schoeniclus)were exclu-sively *** availability related to thick litter layer may explain this *** reed Warblers(Acrocephalus scirpaceus)were found everywhere in similar

关键词： Bird conservation Edge complexity Fragmentation Habitat management Horse grazing Phragmites australis reed passerine

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Radioembolization for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma:A clinical review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第11期14卷 1664-1669页

作者： Saad M Ibrahim Robert J lewandowski Kent T Sato Vanessa l Gates laura Kulik Mary F Mulcahy Robert K Ryu reed A Omary Riad Salem Department of Radiology Section of Interventional RadiologyNorthwestern MemorialHospitalRobert H.Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterChicago60611United States Department of Nuclear Medicine Northwestern Memorial HospitalChicago 60611United States Department of Medicine Division of HepatologyNorthwestern Memorial HospitalChicago 60611United States Department of Medicine Divisionof Hematology and OncologyRobert H Lurie ComprehensiveCancer CenterNorthwestern Memorial HospitalChicago 60611United States Department of Radiology Section of Interventional RadiologyNorthwestern MemorialHospitalRobert H.Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterChicago60611United States Department of MedicineDivisionof Hematology and OncologyRobert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterNorthwestern Memorial HospitalChicago 60611United States

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the sixth most common cancer in the *** majority of patients with HCC present with unresectable *** patients have historically had limited treatment options secondary to HCC demonstrating chemoresistance to the currently available systemic ***, normal liver parenchyma has shown intolerance to tumoricidal radiation doses,limiting the use of external beam *** of these limitations,novel percutaneous liver-directed therapies have emerged. The targeted infusion of radioactive microspheres (radioembolization)represents one such therapy. Radioembolization is a minimally invasive transcatheter therapy through which radioactive microspheres are infused into the hepatic arteries that supply tumor. Once infused,these microspheres traverse the hepatic vascular plexus and selectively implant within the tumor *** within the arterioles, the 90Y impregnated microspheres emit high energy and low penetrating radiation doses selectively to the *** has recently shown promise for the treatment of patients with unresectable HCC. The objective of this review article is to highlight twocurrently available radioembolic devices(90Y,188Rh)and provide the reader with a recent review of the literature.

关键词： Radioembolization Brachytherapy Hepatocellular carcinoma Yttrium-90 Rhenium-188

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Detection of Antibodies in Serum Specimens from Dogs with Blastomycosis with lysate Antigens Prepared from Four <i>Blastomyces dermatitidis</i>Dog Isolates: Individual Antigens vs Antigen Combinations

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2013年第4期3卷 235-239页

作者： jamie l. VanDyke Alex Boyd Jesse Sorensen Tylor Hine Christina Rayner Angel Zamora Gene M. Scalarone Department of Biological Sciences Idaho State University Pocatello USA

Blastomycosis, the systemic fungal infection of humans and animals, has presented a diagnostic challenge to clinicians and laboratory personnel for many years. Our laboratory has been concentrating on attempting to develop antigenic reagents from the yeast phase of various isolates of Blastomyces dermatitidis and to evaluate these lysate antigens with regard to antibody detection in blastomycosis. The aim of this current study was to evaluate yeast phase antigens prepared from four dog isolates of B. dermatitidis and to evaluate their efficacy, when used individually or in combination, for antibody detection in sera from dogs with blastomycosis. Mean absorbance values using the ElISA to assay 24 serum specimens (Trial 1) ranged from 0.588 with an individual lysate antigen to 0.992 when three reagents were combined. Eight of the lysates exhibited mean absorbance values ranging from 0.992 to 0.915 with 7 out of 8 being lysate antigen combinations. Mean absorbance values with the other 6 lysates ranged from 0.899 to 0.588. In Trial 2, the 6 most sensitive reagents from Trial 1 were assayed against 10 highly reactive dog sera. The results of Trial 2 showed that 5 antigen combinations detected antibody to a greater degree than the individual lysate antigen. Combinations of northern and southern antigens were able to detect antibody in serum specimens from either of these geographical regions. Comparative studies are continuing to further evaluate various lysate antigen combinations for antibody detection in blastomycosis.

关键词： Blastomycosis lysate Antigen Combinations Antibody Detection ElISA

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Seismic reflection characteristics of subsidence affecting transportation

Seismic reflection characteristics of subsidence affecting t...

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The 2nd International Conference on Environmental and Engineering Geophysics

作者： Richard D. Miller Don W. Steeples Theresa R. Rademacker jamie l. lambrecht Kansas Geological Survey U. S. A. Department of Geology University of Kansas U. S. A Kansas Geological Survey U. S. A. Kansas Geological Survey U. S. A.

＜正＞High-resolution seismic reflections have been used effectively to investigate sinkholes formed from the dissolution of a bedded salt unit found throughout most of central Kansas. Surface subsidence can have devastating effects on transportation structures. Roads and rails, bridges, and pipelines can be adversely affected by even minor ground instability. Areas susceptible to rapid surface subsidence represent a potential risk to public safety. Significantly larger subsurface expressions relative to surface depressions are a consistent observation on seismic images recorded over sinkholes in Kansas. It appears until subsidence reaches the ground surface, failure is controlled by faults with reverse orientation. Once a surface depresssion begins to form and dissolution of the salt slows or stops, subsidence along rock layers manifests itself with a more normal fault geometry. Detecting areas of rapid subsidence potential, pre-surface failure, is the ultimate goal of any geotechnical survey where the ground surface is susceptible to settling. Seismic reflection images have helped correlate present subsidence to paleofeatures, project the total horizontal growth of active sinkholes, and appraise the risk of catastrophic failure. It is likely active dissolution and the associated fluid movement within the salt interval correlates to collapse geometries observed in salt overburden rocks. Geologic structures play a significant role in both controlling sinkhole expansion and in the susceptibility for sinkholes to form in areas above the Hutchinson Salt in Kansas.

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Mechanical loading of adipose derived stromal cells causes cell alignment

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2011年第5期4卷 357-361页

作者： David A. Gonzales Alice S. Ferng Chris P. Geffre jamie l. Borg Michael Miller John A. Szivek 不详

Osteoarthritis is a debilitating disease that affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Current research involving growth and characterization of adipose derived stromal cells (ADSC) in vitro offers a potential solution for the treatment of cartilage de-fects that will allow patients to return to the physical activities they were involved in. Studies have shown that fibroblast cells grown in vitro respond to cyclic mechanical stretching by orienting in a direction perpendicular to the direction of stretch. ADSCs were isolated from human peripatellar adipose tissue discards. Cells were cultured until confluent and seeded at a density of approximately 105 cells in silicone wells pretreated with ProNectin-F Plus. After stret-ching, relative alignment of the cells was ascertained using imaging software. Stretching cells for 3, 4, 8 and 12 hours resulted in noticeable cellular alignment of approximately 60? relative to the direction of loading. Cell alignment is crucial for developing tis-sue-engineered cartilage that has similar mechanical properties to native cartilage. Mechanically loading cells is one method to achieve cell alignment. Since cell differentiation will be initiated after alignment, the resulting chondrocytes will be aligned, leading to organized collagen formation and resulting in a hya-line-like cartilage structure.

关键词： Adipose Derived Stromal Cells Mechanical loading Chondrogenesis Osteoarthritis

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猪胚胎的体外培养

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国外畜牧科技 1992年第4期19卷 16-18页

作者： M.l.reed 郭年藩

猪胚胎4—细胞期之前培养的难度较大。这期间的体外发育障碍可以采用一些方法加以克服,而使其从1—细胞期发育至囊胚期。试验证实,小鼠输卵管可用以培养猪胚胎;猪胚胎和输卵管细胞一起培养或者培养液里补充猪输卵管液可以提高培养成功... 详细信息

猪胚胎4—细胞期之前培养的难度较大。这期间的体外发育障碍可以采用一些方法加以克服,而使其从1—细胞期发育至囊胚期。试验证实,小鼠输卵管可用以培养猪胚胎;猪胚胎和输卵管细胞一起培养或者培养液里补充猪输卵管液可以提高培养成功率。简化改进培养液后观察到:谷氨酰胺(glutamine)可以作为猪胚胎从结合子发育至囊胚过程中的能重来源;葡萄糖对猪胚胎体外发育没有抑制作用;培养液里补充牛磺酸(taurine)和亚牛磺酸(hypotaurine)可提高猪胚胎的发育程度。迄今已极道的猪胚胎培养液有多种,但是对猪胚胎体外发育障碍的原因还未见报道,现有的培养方法还有待改进。

关键词：猪胚胎体外培养

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E-Cigarette Survey among Student Pharmacists Reveals Troubling Results

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2020年第6期11卷 127-136页

作者： jamie l. McConaha Phillip lunney Jan M. Kitzen Joseph V. Pergolizzi Jr. Robert Taylor Jr. Robert B. Raffa Duquesne University School of Pharmacy Pittsburgh PA USA lachman Consultants Westbury NY USA Kitzen Pharmaceutical Consulting Collegeville PA USA NEMA Research Naples FL USA University of Arizona College of Pharmacy Tucson AZ USA Neumentum Inc. Palo Alto CA USA Temple University School of Pharmacy Philadelphia PA USA

The rise in “vaping”-associated deaths in the United States raises serious concerns. A justification for some level of risk is that e-cigarettes might provide a “reverse-gateway” from smoking traditional cigarettes to a less-harmful alternative. But are users actually smokers? We developed an electronic on-line survey to gather data regarding e-cigarette usage in a target study population of pharmacy students. The survey was created using Google Forms to collect the responses anonymously. We surveyed medical-savvy healthcare students about their e-cigarette use, and whether or not their healthcare providers were aware of their e-cigarette use. Although nearly one-fourth of a convenience sampling of 134 pharmacy-student respondents (23.9%) reported using e-cigarettes, only 2.0% reported prior regular cigarette use, 28% used cartridges containing nicotine and only 11.2% had tried and wanted to quit. The majority (64.1%) reported that their healthcare providers did not ask about such use, and respondents did not volunteer this information. The results of this pilot survey reveal a significant e-cigarette use among health-aware pharmacy students, and they do not support the notion that the respondents do so to quit smoking. The observation that most of the students’ healthcare providers did not inquire about their e-cigarette use, coupled with the finding that users did not volunteer their vaping behavior,le="font-family:Verdana;"> suggests that the information should be included when getting a medical history. Further research is needed to determine what behavioral factors may play a role in this type of decision-making among student healthcare professionals.

关键词： E-Cigarettes Nicotine Smoking Cessation Survey Vaping

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Regional disease characteristics and comorbidities of patients with schizophrenia in the Ziprasidone Observational Study of Cardiac Outcomes (ZODIAC): Findings from an international large simple trial

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2012年第4期2卷 423-432页

作者： John M. Kane Wolfgang Fleischhacker Francesca Kolitsopoulos Onur N. Karayal jamie Geier Cynthia Siu Robert Reynolds Gerald Faich Brian l. Strom Data Power (DP) Inc. Ringoes USA Department of Biological Psychiatry Medical University Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Center for Pharmacoepidemiology Research and Training University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia USA Department of Epidemiology United BioSource Corporation Blue Bell USA Department of Psychiatry Zucker Hillside Hospital Glen Oaks USA Pfizer Inc. New York USA

Background: Using baseline data from the Ziprasidone Observational Study of Cardiac Outcomes (ZODIAC), we assessed disease characteristics and prevalence of select comorbidities among subjects with schizophrenia in different clinical settings across 18 countries. ZODIAC was a randomized, open-label, one-year, large simple trial (lST) that enrolled 18,239 individuals with schizophrenia. Methods: Subjects were randomized to open-label treatment with ziprasidone (n = 9120) or olanzapine (n = 9119) in naturalistic (usual care) settings and followed for one year. Study sites (n = 749) applied minimal selection criteria in an attempt to make the study population as representative as possible of those receiving treatment in “real world” circumstances across the countries. Results: Mean patient age was 41 years, 55% were male, 34% were markedly ill or presented with more severe disease, and 66% of subjects had one or more select comorbid conditions [i.e. heart attack, stroke, hypertension, CAD/angina, high cholesterol/triglycerides, diabetes, or overweight (BMI ≥ 25)] at baseline. History of suicide attempt was greatest in the US (38%), compared with Sweden (34%), Brazil/South America (26%), Asia (23%), and Eastern Europe (20%). Overweight or obesity was the most prevalent comorbid risk factor, representing 60% of enrolled subjects, 70% of US subjects compared with 30% in Asia and 52% - 64% in the other regions studied. High cholesterol/triglycerides levels were found in 23% of US subjects compared with a relatively low prevalence in other countries (3% - 11%). History of cardiovascular or diabetes-related comorbidities was found in 31% of subjects. Current smoking (46.5%) and past smoking (11.8%) were common with men dominating the proportion of current smokers: US (61%);Asia (60%);Sweden (50%);Eastern Europe (49%);and latin America (44%). Conclusions: Our findings indicate substantial baseline variations across countries in demographics, comorbid conditions, and psychiatr

关键词： large Simple Trial Schizophrenia ZODIAC Comorbidities

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复电阻率法展望

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国外地质勘探技术 1982年第3期 21-26页

作者： Kennoth l.Zonge Emmett Van reed 赵维勇

一、回顾 1967年,在拉尔夫·霍尔默(Ralph Holmer)指导下,Kennecott勘探服务公司开始制造频率范围为0.01到10Hz的复电阻率仪器。1970年,杰里·范沃勒斯(Jerry Van Voorhis)、菲尔·纳尔逊(Phil N-elson)和T.l.德雷克(***)在SEG年会上代... 详细信息

一、回顾 1967年,在拉尔夫·霍尔默(Ralph Holmer)指导下,Kennecott勘探服务公司开始制造频率范围为0.01到10Hz的复电阻率仪器。1970年,杰里·范沃勒斯(Jerry Van Voorhis)、菲尔·纳尔逊(Phil N-elson)和T.l.德雷克(***)在SEG年会上代表的论文使之达到高潮。他们的结论是斑岩铜矿的相位响应曲线是平缓的,其相位是不变的,而且以它进行矿物或源的识别是很不可靠的。1970年肯·宗格(K-en Zonge)在亚利桑那大学,在约翰·萨姆纳(John Sumner)指导下,着手制造范

关键词：复电阻率相位响应曲线偶极 REM 视电阻率

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