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Larger floods reduce soil CO_(2)efflux during the post-flooding phase in seasonally flooded forests of Western Amazonia

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Pedosphere 2021年第2期31卷 342-352页

作者： Emma M.docherty Andrew D.ThOMAS Department of Geography and Earth Sciences Aberystwyth UniversityAberystwyth SY233DB(UK) School of Geography University of LeedsLeeds LS29JT(UK)

Seasonally flooded várzea forests of Western Amazonia are one of the most productive and biodiverse wetland forests in the world.however,data on their soil CO_(2)emissions,soil organic matter decomposition rates,and soil C stocks are scarce.This is a concern because hydrological changes are predicted to lead to increases in the height,extent,and duration of seasonal floods,which are likely to have a significant effect on soil C stocks and fluxes.however,with no empirical data,the impact of altered flood regimes on várzea soil C cycles remains uncertain.This study quantified the effects of maximum annual flood height and soil moisture on soil CO_(2)efflux rate(R_(s))and soil organic matter decomposition rate(k)in the várzea forests of Pacaya Samiria National Reserve,Peru.The study was conducted between May and August 2017.The results showed that R_(s)(10.6–182.7 mg C m^(-2)h^(-1))and k(0.016–0.078)varied between and within sites,and were considerably lower than the values reported for other tropical forests.In addition,R_(s)was negatively affected by flood height(Ph decreasing river levels post flooding(Phe above-mentioned factors.Soil moisture was the dominant factor influencing R_(s),and it was significantly affected by maximum flood height,even after the floods had subsided(Phat larger floods will likely lead to reduced R_(s),whilst k could remain unchanged but with decomposition processes becoming more anaerobic.

关键词： C cycle climate change greenhouse gas soil CO_(2)emissions soil moisture soil organic matter decomposition rate tropical forest

Implications for brainstem recovery from studies in primates after sensory loss from arm

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 479-480页

作者： jamie L.Reed hui-Xin Qi Jon h.Kaas Department of Psychology Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTNUSA

For decades,researchers have known that when neurons lose their activating inputs,they can atrophy and even die.For example,removing sensory nerve inputs from the arm to the spinal cord after amputation or cutting the spinal nerves can shrink the post-synaptic target zones(e.g.,Woods et al.,2000).From touch receptors for the hand and arm,primary nerve afferents enter the spinal cord,and axons travel in the dorsal columns to target the cuneate nucleus(Cu)of the brainstem on the same side of the body(Figure 1).When sensory loss is unilateral,the overwhelming result is for the associated primary target zone to shrink in total size(cross-sectional area),as compared to the size of the opposite side.

关键词： brainstem shrink removing

Measurement and quantification of caking in excipients and food products with emphasis on the non-homogeneous interaction with ambient moisture

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Particuology 2021年第3期19卷 75-83页

作者： Katrina Brockbank Brian Armstrong jamie Clayton Freeman Technology Ltd 1 Miller CourtSevern DriveTewkesburyGloucestershireGL208DNUK

Whilst caking occurs via several different mechanisms,absorption and migration of moisture is frequently the most dominant mechanism within the food and pharmaceutical industry.Fully understanding the propensity to cake is important for minimising down-stream process issues,however most characterisation techniques assume that moisture induced caking occurs homogenously through the sample resulting in a uniformly caked powder bed.In this study,the effect of moisture induced caking on powder flowability was investigated using powder rheology.Several materials,including skimmed milk powder(SMP)and sulphated methyl ester(SME)were stored for several days under controlled humidity conditions.The flow energies,a measure of the resistance to flow,were measured at 24 h intervals using an FT4 Powder Rheometer.As the energy is measured as a function of the bed height,variations in the powder bed are also captured.The results demonstrated that caking does not always occur uniformly,instead a caked region(or crust)forms at the air-powder interface and then progresses through the powder bed.Furthermore,the strength of this caked region was shown to increase over several days before stabilising.

关键词： Powder Caking Crust formation Powder rheometry Relative humidity

Poly(ethylene glycol)hydrogel elasticity influences human mesenchymal stem cell behavior

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2018年第3期5卷 167-175页

作者： Anna K.Whitehead haley h.Barnett Mary E.Caldorera-Moore jamie J.Newman School of Biological Sciences Department of Biomedical Engineering Louisiana Tech UniversityRustonLA 71272USA

Coordinated investigations into the interactions between biologically mimicking(biomimetic)material constructs and stem cells advance the potential for the regeneration and possible direct replacement of diseased cells and tissues.Any clinically relevant therapies will require the development and optimization of methods that mass produce fully functional cells and tissues.Despite advances in the design and synthesis of biomaterial scaffolds,one of the biggest obstacles facing tissue engineering is understanding how specific extracellular cues produced by biomaterial scaffolds influence the proliferation and differentiation of various cell sources.Matrix elasticity is one such tailorable property of synthetic scaffolds that is known to differ between tissues.here,we investigate the interactions between an elastically tailorable polyethylene glycol(PEG)-based hydrogel platform and human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(hMSCs).For these studies,two different hydrogel compositions with elastic moduli in the ranges of 50-60 kPa and 8-10 kPa were implemented.Our findings demonstrate that the different elasticities in this platform can produce changes in hMSC morphology and proliferation,indicating that the platform can be implemented to produce changes in hMSC behavior and cell state for a broad range of tissue engineering and regenerative applications.Furthermore,we show that the platform’s different elasticities influence stem cell differentiation potential,particularly when promoting stem cell differentiation toward cell types from tissues with stiffer elasticity.These findings add to the evolving and expanding library of information on stem cell-biomaterial interactions and opens the door for continued exploration into PEG-based hydrogel scaffolds for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.

关键词： biomaterial-cell interaction scaffolds stem cells

Global warming potential associated with Irish milk powder production

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 123-130页

作者： William Finnegan jamie Goggins Aksana Chyzheuskaya Xinmin Zhan College of Engineering and nformatics National University of Ireland Galway H91 HX31 Galway Ireland Ryan Institute for Environmental Marine and Energy Research National University of Ireland Galway H91 DK59 Galway Ireland Centre for Marine and Renewable Energy (MaREI) H91 HX31 Galway Ireland Socio-Economic Marine Research Unit (SEMRU) National University of Ireland Galway H91 WN80 Galway Ireland

Climate change is an ever growing issue and a major concem worldwide. Both producers and processors need to address the issue now by reducing, their carbon footprint. Additionally, if Ireland is to meet their climate and energy targets, as outlined in Food harvest 2020, which outlines a range ot objectives for the Irish agricultural sector, the efficient use of resources and fuels within the industry will need to be increased. In Ireland, agriculture accounts for 29.2% of the total greenhouse gas powder, is examined in order to estimate the global warming potential （GWP） associated with its manufacture using life cycle assessment. A cradle-to-processing factory gate analysis, which includes raw milk production, raw milk transportation to the processmg tactory, its processing into eacla product and product packaging, is assessed in this study using data collected circa 2013. The factories surveyed processed approximately 24% of the total raw milk processed in the Republic of Ireland in 2013, which was 5.83 billion liter. The average total GWP associated with the manufacture of milk powder is 9.731 kg CO2eq·kg^-1 milk powder, which has a standard deviation of 2.26 kg CO2eq·kg^-1 milk powder, for the life cycle stages analyzed in this study. The most significant contributor to GWP is raw milk production （84%）, followed by dairy processing （14%）, with the remainder of the life cycle stages contributing approximately 2%.

关键词： Dairy Global wanning potential Ireland Life cycle assessment Milk powder Milk production

单细胞ICP-MS技术分析水中藻类的纳米颗粒摄入

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环境化学 2016年第10期35卷 2223-2225页

作者： Ruth Merrifield jamie Lead Chady Stephan Center for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk University of South Carolina SC 29208 USA PerkinElmer Woodbridge On 4H1L8 Canada

观测和研究细胞对于元素离子和纳米颗粒的摄入,对于人类健康和环境安全都具有非常重要的意义.本文通过利用ICP-MS配备的单细胞检测技术,对待测藻类摄入元素离子和纳米颗粒的行为进行了观察和研究,探讨了不同培养液浓度、曝光时间对于单... 详细信息

观测和研究细胞对于元素离子和纳米颗粒的摄入,对于人类健康和环境安全都具有非常重要的意义.本文通过利用ICP-MS配备的单细胞检测技术,对待测藻类摄入元素离子和纳米颗粒的行为进行了观察和研究,探讨了不同培养液浓度、曝光时间对于单细胞中离子和纳米颗粒含量的影响,以及细胞分裂过程对于摄入行为的影响.

关键词： ICP-MS 藻类纳米颗粒

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中国第一家高端起泡酒领先品牌

新商务周刊 2015年第2期 52-54页

作者： jamie Lin

2013年6月28日,在宁夏回族自治区政府有关部门的牵头下,隶属于法国酩悦轩尼诗集团旗下,中国第一家高端起泡酒厂—酩悦轩尼诗夏桐(宁夏)酒庄在贺兰山下正式揭幕。这对宁夏贺兰山东麓葡萄酒产区登上国际舞台是一个重要里程碑19 8 7年,酩... 详细信息

2013年6月28日,在宁夏回族自治区政府有关部门的牵头下,隶属于法国酩悦轩尼诗集团旗下,中国第一家高端起泡酒厂—酩悦轩尼诗夏桐(宁夏)酒庄在贺兰山下正式揭幕。这对宁夏贺兰山东麓葡萄酒产区登上国际舞台是一个重要里程碑19 8 7年,酩悦轩尼诗(M o?t h e n n e s s y)与路易威登(L o u i s Vu it t o n)合并成LV M h(酩悦轩尼诗路易威登),奠定了其全世界最大的奢侈品集团的地位。旗下名闻遐迩的法国名酒酩悦香槟(Mo?t&Chandon)创立于1743年,已拥有超过270年的香槟酿酒历史。夏桐品牌起源于上世纪50年代,极赋先锋精神的酩悦酒庄于1959年在阿根廷门多萨建立了全球第一个夏桐酒庄,生产高端起泡葡萄酒。此

关键词：葡萄酒产区起泡酒起泡葡萄酒轩尼诗领先品牌

Liquid-microjet photoelectron spectrometer for ultrafast spectroscopy of organic chromophores and photoactive proteins

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Liquid-microjet photoelectron spectrometer for ultrafast spe...

Spatially Bandgap-Graded Mo S2（1-x）Se2x homojunctions for Self-Powered Visible–Near-Infrared Phototransistors

河南省化学会2018年学术年会

作者： Bingxing Wang jamie W.Riley Michael A.Parkes helen h.Fielding Department of Chemistry University College London College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Institute of Science and Technology

In absence of complex environment, photoelectron spectroscopy is a very sensitive probe of the evolving electronic structure along a reaction coordinate, e.g. in the investigation of photophysical and photochemical processes of biomolecules.1,2 For a long time, photoelectron spectroscopy was limited to low-vapor-pressure samples due to the low mean free path of electrons in high-pressure environments on the one hand and the low-pressure requirements of the photoelectron detectors on the other hand. This so-called pressure gap has finally been bridged in the late 1990 s by the invention of the liquid-microjet technique.3,4 In combination with liquid-nitrogen cold traps and a differential-pumping stage, this liquid filament can flow steadily in high vacuum while maintaining pressures low enough for photoelectron detection.5,6 A new liquid-microjet photoelectron spectrometer has been designed and built for photoelectron spectroscopy studies of organic chromophores and photoactive proteins. A recirculating liquid microjet assembly is employed to enable measurements of small volumes of samples. The photoelectron spectrometer permits venting and pumping of the interaction chamber without affecting the low pressure in the flight tube. This pressure separation has been realized through a miniature gate valve, which effectively seals the flight tube in its closed position and functions as a differential pumping stage in its open position. We describe the experimental setup, spectrometer characterization and photoelectron spectroscopy of water and aqueous protein chromophore.

关键词： liquid microjet photoelectron spectroscopy photoelectron spectrometer recirculating protein

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Nano-Micro Letters 2020年第2期12卷 185-198页

作者： hao Xu Juntong Zhu Guifu Zou Wei Liu Xiao Li Caihong Li Gyeong hee Ryu Wenshuo Xu Xiaoyu han Zhengxiao Guo jamie hWarner Jiang Wu huiyun Liu Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University College LondonTorrington PlaceLondon WC1E 7JEUK School of Energy Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovationsand Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu ProvinceSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215006People’s Republic of China London Centre for Nanotechnology University College LondonLondon WC1H 0AHUK Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054People’s Republic of China Department of Materials University of OxfordParks RoadOxford OX13PHUK Department of Chemistry University College London20 Gordon StBloomsburyLondon WC1H 0AJUK Department of Chemistry The University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Zhejiang Institute of Research and Innovation The University of Hong KongQingshan Lake SciTech CityHangzhouPeople’s Republic of China

Ternary transition metal dichalcogenide alloys with spatially graded bandgaps are an emerging class of two-dimensional materials with unique features,which opens up new potential for device applications.here,visible–near-infrared and self-powered phototransistors based on spatially bandgap-graded MoS2(1−x)Se2x alloys,synthesized by a simple and controllable chemical solution deposition method,are reported.The graded bandgaps,arising from the spatial grading of Se composition and thickness within a single domain,are tuned from 1.83 to 1.73 eV,leading to the formation of a homojunction with a builtin electric field.Consequently,a strong and sensitive gate-modulated photovoltaic effect is demonstrated,enabling the homojunction phototransistors at zero bias to deliver a photoresponsivity of 311 mA W−1,a specific detectivity up to^10^11 Jones,and an on/off ratio up to^10^4.Remarkably,when illuminated by the lights ranging from 405 to 808 nm,the biased devices yield a champion photoresponsivity of 191.5 A W−1,a specific detectivity up to^1012 Jones,a photoconductive gain of 10^6–10^7,and a photoresponsive time in the order of^50 ms.These results provide a simple and competitive solution to the bandgap engineering of two-dimensional materials for device applications without the need for p–n junctions.

关键词： Transition metal dichalcogenides Graded bandgaps homojunctions Phototransistors Self-powered