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Shedding Light on the Crystallographic Etching of Multi-Layer Graphene at the Atomic Scale

Nano Research 2009年第9期2卷 695-705页

作者： Franziska Schäffel jamie h.warner Alicja Bachmatiuk Bernd Rellinghaus Bernd Büchner Ludwig Schultz Mark h.Rümmeli IFW Dresden P.O.Box 270116D-01171 DresdenGermany Department of Materials University of OxfordParks Rd.Oxford OX13PHUnited Kingdom

The controlled etching of graphite and graphene by catalytic hydrogenation is potentially a key engineering route for the fabrication of graphene nanoribbons with atomic *** hydrogenation mechanism,though,remains poorly *** this study we exploit the benefi ts of aberration-corrected high-resolution transmission electron microscopy to gain insight to the hydrogenation *** etch tracks are found to be commensurate with the graphite *** particles at the head of an etch channel are shown to be faceted and the angles between facets are multiples of 30°.Thus,the angles between facets are also commensurate with the graphite *** addition,the results of a post-annealing step suggest that all catalyst particles even if they are not involved in etching are actively forming methane during the hydrogenation ***,the data point against carbon dissolution being a key mechanism during the hydrogenation process.

关键词： Graphene graphene nanoribbons catalytic hydrogenation nanoparticles

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Spatially Bandgap-Graded Mo S2（1-x）Se2x homojunctions for Self-Powered Visible–Near-Infrared Phototransistors

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Nano-Micro Letters 2020年第2期12卷 185-198页

作者： hao Xu Juntong Zhu Guifu Zou Wei Liu Xiao Li Caihong Li Gyeong hee Ryu Wenshuo Xu Xiaoyu han Zhengxiao Guo jamie hwarner Jiang Wu huiyun Liu Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University College LondonTorrington PlaceLondon WC1E 7JEUK School of Energy Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovationsand Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu ProvinceSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215006People’s Republic of China London Centre for Nanotechnology University College LondonLondon WC1H 0AHUK Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054People’s Republic of China Department of Materials University of OxfordParks RoadOxford OX13PHUK Department of Chemistry University College London20 Gordon StBloomsburyLondon WC1H 0AJUK Department of Chemistry The University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Zhejiang Institute of Research and Innovation The University of Hong KongQingshan Lake SciTech CityHangzhouPeople’s Republic of China

Ternary transition metal dichalcogenide alloys with spatially graded bandgaps are an emerging class of two-dimensional materials with unique features,which opens up new potential for device ***,visible–near-infrared and self-powered phototransistors based on spatially bandgap-graded MoS2(1−x)Se2x alloys,synthesized by a simple and controllable chemical solution deposition method,are *** graded bandgaps,arising from the spatial grading of Se composition and thickness within a single domain,are tuned from 1.83 to 1.73 eV,leading to the formation of a homojunction with a builtin electric ***,a strong and sensitive gate-modulated photovoltaic effect is demonstrated,enabling the homojunction phototransistors at zero bias to deliver a photoresponsivity of 311 mA W−1,a specific detectivity up to^10^11 Jones,and an on/off ratio up to^10^***,when illuminated by the lights ranging from 405 to 808 nm,the biased devices yield a champion photoresponsivity of 191.5 A W−1,a specific detectivity up to^1012 Jones,a photoconductive gain of 10^6–10^7,and a photoresponsive time in the order of^50 *** results provide a simple and competitive solution to the bandgap engineering of two-dimensional materials for device applications without the need for p–n junctions.

关键词： Transition metal dichalcogenides Graded bandgaps homojunctions Phototransistors Self-powered

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Implications for brainstem recovery from studies in primates after sensory loss from arm

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 479-480页

作者： jamie L.Reed hui-Xin Qi Jon h.Kaas Department of Psychology Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTNUSA

For decades,researchers have known that when neurons lose their activating inputs,they can atrophy and even *** example,removing sensory nerve inputs from the arm to the spinal cord after amputation or cutting the spinal nerves can shrink the post-synaptic target zones(e.g.,Woods et al.,2000).From touch receptors for the hand and arm,primary nerve afferents enter the spinal cord,and axons travel in the dorsal columns to target the cuneate nucleus(Cu)of the brainstem on the same side of the body(Figure 1).When sensory loss is unilateral,the overwhelming result is for the associated primary target zone to shrink in total size(cross-sectional area),as compared to the size of the opposite side.

关键词： brainstem shrink removing

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Patients’experiences with‘sludge’(administrative burden)in the cancer screening process and its relationship with screening completion,experience and health system distrust

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Family Medicine and Community health 2024年第S2期12卷 8-17页

作者： Michelle S Rockwell Brianna Chang Vivian Zagarese jamie K Turner Ally Southworth YingXing Wu Paul Yeaton Li Li Jeffrey S Stein Sarah h Parker John W Epling Department of Family and Community Medicine Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of Family and Community Medicine Carilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine RoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of health Systems and Implementation Science Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVirginiaUSA Graduate Program in Translational Biology Medicineand HealthVirginia TechRoanokeVirginiaUSA health Analytics Research Team Carilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineCarilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of Family Medicine University of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA Center for health Behaviors Research Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTCRoanokeVirginiaUSA

Objective‘Sludge’refers to administrative burdens or frictions that preclude people from getting what they want or need(eg,duplicative forms,complicated instructions,long waiting times).This mixed methods study evaluated patients’perceptions of sludge in the colorectal cancer(CRC)screening process and some impacts of this *** We employed an exploratory sequential mixed methods study design that comprised patient interviews and a patient *** interviews informed final survey revisions and captured contextual data about patients’experiences with *** transcripts were inductively and deductively analysed to identify overarching *** survey quantified sludge,delayed or forgone screenings,screening experience(Net Promoter Score)and health system distrust(health System Distrust Scale).We usedχ2 or t-tests for univariable comparisons and logistic or linear regressions to evaluate the association between cumulative sludge score and delayed or forgone screenings,screening experience and health system *** were integrated for *** Southeastern United *** Patients who were 45–75 years of age,at average risk for CRC and had either completed or been referred for CRC screening(colonoscopy or stool-based test)within the previous 12 *** 22 interview participants and 255 survey participants completed the study.38(15%)survey participants rated their screening experience as poor(Net Promoter Score=0–7 out of 10).The mean(SD)health System Distrust Scale score was 22.4(6.3)out of 45 possible points(higher score=greater distrust).Perceptions of sludge in the CRC screening process varied,with long waiting times and burdensome communication being the most common sources(58%and 35%of participants,respectively).Sludge was positively associated with delayed or forgone screenings(OR=1.42,95%CI 1.28,1.57,phealth system distrust(β=0.47,p

关键词： sludge screening burden

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Non-crossing Quantile Regression Neural Network as a Calibration Tool for Ensemble Weather Forecasts

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第7期41卷 1417-1437页

作者： Mengmeng SONG Dazhi YANG Sebastian LERCh Xiang'ao XIA Gokhan Mert YAGLI jamie M.BRIGhT Yanbo ShEN Bai LIU Xingli LIU Martin Janos MAYER School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies Schloss-Wolfsbrunnenweg 3569118HeidelbergGermany Chair of Statistical Methods and Econometrics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Bluecherstr.1776185KarlsruheGermany Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China Solar Energy Research Institute of Singapore(SERIS) National University of Singapore(NUS)Singapore117574Singapore UK Power Networks LondonSE61NPUK China Meteorological Administration Beijing100081China heilongjiang Meteorological Bureau Harbin150001China Department of Energy Engineering Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsMűegyetem rkp.3H-1111BudapestHungary

Despite the maturity of ensemble numerical weather prediction(NWP),the resulting forecasts are still,more often than not,*** such,forecast calibration tools have become *** those tools,quantile regression(QR)is highly competitive in terms of both flexibility and predictive ***,a long-standing problem of QR is quantile crossing,which greatly limits the interpretability of QR-calibrated *** this point,this study proposes a non-crossing quantile regression neural network(NCQRNN),for calibrating ensemble NWP forecasts into a set of reliable quantile forecasts without *** overarching design principle of NCQRNN is to add on top of the conventional QRNN structure another hidden layer,which imposes a non-decreasing mapping between the combined output from nodes of the last hidden layer to the nodes of the output layer,through a triangular weight matrix with positive *** empirical part of the work considers a solar irradiance case study,in which four years of ensemble irradiance forecasts at seven locations,issued by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,are calibrated via NCQRNN,as well as via an eclectic mix of benchmarking models,ranging from the naïve climatology to the state-of-the-art deep-learning and other non-crossing *** and stringent forecast verification suggests that the forecasts post-processed via NCQRNN attain the maximum sharpness subject to calibration,amongst all ***,the proposed conception to resolve quantile crossing is remarkably simple yet general,and thus has broad applicability as it can be integrated with many shallow-and deep-learning-based neural networks.

关键词： ensemble weather forecasting forecast calibration non-crossing quantile regression neural network CORP reliability diagram post-processing

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