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教书育人 2004年第20期 16-18页

作者： james.h.stronge ,jennifer l.hindman ,姜波

教师的选拔和任用都要依据一定的标准,希望美国教师的选拔方法会给我们以借鉴。

关键词：学生成绩课程计划申请者课堂教学教学策略申请人学习者学科领域候选人

New Opportunities for Neutrons in Environmental and Biological Sciences

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 179-186页

作者： Alexander Johs Shuo Qian leighton Coates Brian h.Davison james G.Elkins Xin Gu jennifer Morrell-Falvey hugh O'Neill Jeffrey M.Warren Eric M.Pierce Kenneth herwig Oak Ridge National laboratory Oak RidgeTN37831USA

The use of neutron methods in environmental and biological sciences is rapidly emerging and accelerating with the development of new instruments at neutron user *** article,based on a workshop held at Oak Ridge National laboratory(ORNl),offers insights into the application of neutron techniques in environmental and biological *** highlight recent advances and identify key challenges and potential future research *** include soil and rhizosphere processes,root water dynamics,plant-microbe interactions,structure and dynamics of biological systems,applications in synthetic biology and enzyme engineering,next-generation bioproducts,biomaterials and bioenergy,nanoscale structure,and fluid dynamics of porous materials in *** provide an outlook on emerging opportunities with an emphasis on new capabilities that will be enabled at the Spallation Neutron Source Second Target Station currently under design at *** mission of scientific neutron user facilities worldwide is to enable science using state-of-the-art neutron *** aim to encourage researchers in the environmental and biological research community to explore the unique capability afforded by neutrons at these facilities.

关键词： Neutrons Environment Biology Neutron imaging Neutron scattering Second Target Station(STS)

Fully integrated and broadband Si-rich silicon nitride wavelength converter based on Bragg scattering intermodal four-wave mixing

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 I0001-I0010页

作者： VAlERIO VITAlI ThAlÍA DOMÍNGUEZ BUCIO hAO lIU JOSÉMANUEl lUQUE GONZÁlEZ FRANCISCO JURADO-ROMERO AlEJANDRO ORTEGA-MOÑUX GlENN ChURChIll james C.GATES james hIllIER NIKOlAOS KAlFAGIANNIS DANIElE MElATI JENS h.SChMID IlARIA CRISTIANI PAVEl ChEBEN J.GONZAlO WANGÜEMERT-PÉREZ ÑIGO MOlINA-FERNÁNDEZ FREDERIC GARDES COSIMO lACAVA PERIKlIS PETROPOUlOS Optoelectronics Research Centre University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering DepartmentUniversity of PaviaPavia 27100Italy Telecommunication Research Institute(TElMA) Universidad de MálagaCEI Andalucı´a TECHE.T.S.I.Telecomunicación29010 MálagaSpain School of Science and Technology Nottingham Trent UniversityNottingham NG118NSUK Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5600 MBThe Netherlands Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of IoanninaIoannina 45110Greece Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies UniversitéParis-SaclayCNRS91120 PalaiseauFrance Advanced Electronics and Photonics Research Center National Research Council CanadaOttawaOntario K1A 0R6Canada

Intermodal four-wave mixing(FWM)processes have recently attracted significant interest for all-optical signal processing applications thanks to the possibility to control the propagation properties of waves exciting distinct spatial modes of the same *** allows,in principle,to place signals in different spectral regions and satisfy the phase matching condition over considerably larger bandwidths compared to intramodal ***,the demonstrations reported so far have shown a limited bandwidth and suffered from the lack of on-chip components designed for broadband manipulation of different *** demonstrate here a silicon-rich silicon nitride wavelength converter based on Bragg scattering intermodal FWM,which integrates mode conversion,multiplexing and de-multiplexing functionalities *** system enables wavelength conversion between pump waves and a signal located in different telecommunication bands(separated by 60 nm)with a 3 dB bandwidth exceeding 70 nm,which represents,to our knowledge,the widest bandwidth ever achieved in an intermodal FWM-based system.

关键词： scattering pump modal

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聚醚醚酮齐聚物固相增黏及聚合物性质研究

中国塑料 2024年第9期38卷 8-13页

作者：庞馨蕾白瑜王洪学中石化(上海)石油化工研究院有限公司上海201208

以环丁砜为溶剂合成齐聚物,采用齐聚物在双转子密炼机中进一步固相增黏的聚合方式制备了聚醚醚酮(PEEK)。研究了不同增黏时间对PEEK结晶、热学和流动性能等的影响。结果表明,随着聚合时间增加,PEEK结晶度和结晶完善程度逐渐降低,且增黏... 详细信息

以环丁砜为溶剂合成齐聚物,采用齐聚物在双转子密炼机中进一步固相增黏的聚合方式制备了聚醚醚酮(PEEK)。研究了不同增黏时间对PEEK结晶、热学和流动性能等的影响。结果表明,随着聚合时间增加,PEEK结晶度和结晶完善程度逐渐降低,且增黏5 h制得的PEEK的结晶度较齐聚物降低约31.4%;所有聚合物900℃时残炭量仍大于50%,具有优异的热稳定性;PEEK熔体黏度随增黏时间增加逐渐增大,约为齐聚物的13~360倍。

关键词：聚醚醚酮齐聚物固相增黏结晶性能热学性能

扩链条件对聚丁二酸丁二酯-共-对苯二甲酸丁二酯/滑石粉共混物性能的影响

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中国塑料 2024年第6期38卷 1-11页

作者：骆佳伟周炳王洪学贾钦中石化(上海)石油化工研究院有限公司上海201208

将一种多环氧官能团聚合物作为聚丁二酸丁二酯-共-对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBST)的扩链剂,研究熔体反应挤出过程中的扩链条件对PBST/滑石粉共混物性能的影响。将扩链剂用量、反应温度和螺杆转速作为本研究的主要研究因素,通过方差分析寻找主... 详细信息

将一种多环氧官能团聚合物作为聚丁二酸丁二酯-共-对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBST)的扩链剂,研究熔体反应挤出过程中的扩链条件对PBST/滑石粉共混物性能的影响。将扩链剂用量、反应温度和螺杆转速作为本研究的主要研究因素,通过方差分析寻找主要影响因素及各因素间交互作用。结果表明,扩链剂用量的影响最为显著,其次是温度,螺杆转速的影响不显著;随着扩链剂用量的增加,熔融温度和结晶温度降低,分子量、熔体黏度和热稳定性增加;同时,随着扩链剂用量的增加,改性PBST强度提高但韧性降低;响应面分析表明扩链剂用量、反应温度和螺杆转速分别为0.66%、200℃和300 r/min时扩链条件最优。

关键词：可生物降解聚酯扩链剂扩链条件聚丁二酸丁二酯-共-对苯二甲酸丁二酯滑石粉

Analysis of the Oscillatory Flows of Multiple Shock Waves in a Constant Area Duct

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第3期33卷 794-806页

作者： K james Jintu KIM heuy Dong Department of Mechanical Engineering Andong National UniversityAndong36729Republic of Korea CAD-IT Korea Co. Ltd.Seoul08591Republic of Korea

The oscillatory response of multiple shock waves to downstream perturbations in a supersonic flow is studied numerically in a rectangular *** shock waves are formed inside the duct at a shock Mach number of *** duct has an exit height of h,and the effect of duct resonance on multiple shock oscillations is investigated by attaching exit ducts of lengths 0h,50h,and *** downstream disturbance frequency varied from 10 hz to 200 hz to explore the oscillation characteristics of the multiple shock *** oscillatory response of shock waves under self-excited and forced oscillation conditions are analyzed in terms of wall static pressure,shock train leading-edge location,shock train length,and the size of the separation *** extent of the initial shock location increases with an increase in exit duct length for the self-excited oscillation *** analysis of the shock train leading edge and the spectral analysis of wall static pressure variations are *** variation in the shock train length is analyzed using the pressure ratio method for self-excited as well as forced *** RMS amplitude of the normalized shock train length(ζ_(ST))increases with an increase in the exit duct length for the self-excited oscillation *** the downstream perturbation frequency is increased,ζ_(ST)is decreased for exit duct *** all exit duct designs and downstream forcing frequencies,the size of the separation bubble grows and shrinks during the shock oscillations,demonstrating the dependence on duct resonance and forced oscillations.

关键词： shock train downstream disturbance supersonic flow shock wave boundary layer interaction duct resonance flow separation

Protective effects of cyclosporine and its analog NIM-811 in a murine model of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury

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liver Research 2024年第1期8卷 46-53页

作者： Joshua hefler Rena Pawlick Braulio A.Marfil-Garza Aducio Thiesen Nerea Cuesta-Gomez Sanaz hatami Darren h.Freed Constantine Karvellas David l.Bigam A.M.james Shapiro Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine&DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine&DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada ChRISTUS-latAm hub Excellence&Innovation Center MonterreyMexico Alberta Diabetes Institute University of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada Clinical Islet Transplant Program University of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada Department of laboratory Medicine&Pathology Faculty of Medicine&DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada

Background and aim:The liver is susceptible to ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI)during hepatic surgery,when the vessels are compressed to control bleeding,or liver transplantation,when there is an obligate period of *** hallmark of IRI comprises mitochondrial dysfunction,which generates reactive oxygen species,and cell death through necrosis or ***(CsA),which is a well-known immunosuppressive agent that inhibits calcineurin,has the additional effect of inhibiting the mito-chondrial permeability transition pore(mPTP),thereby,preventing mitochondrial swelling and ***-811,which is the nonimmunosuppressive analog of CsA,has a similar effect on the *** this study,we tested the effect of both agents on mitigating warm hepatic IRI in a murine *** and methods:Before ischemic insult,the mice were administered with intraperitoneal normal saline(control);CsA at 2.5,10,or 25 mg/kg;or NIM-811 at 10 mg/***,the mice were subjected to partial warm hepatic ischemia by selective pedicle clamping for 60 min,followed by 6 h of recovery after *** alanine transaminase(AlT)was measured,and the liver tissue was examined histologically for the presence of apoptosis and the levels of inflammatory ***:Compared with the control mice,the mice treated with 10 and 25 mg/kg of CsA and NIM-811 had significantly lower AlT levels(Ply).Moreover,the liver tissue showed reduced histological injury scores after treatment with CsA at 2.5,10,and 25 mg/kg and NIM-811(P=0.041,ly)and significant decrease in apoptosis after treatment with CsA at all doses(P=0.012,0.007,andly).levels of the pro-inflammatory cyto-kines,particularly interleukin(Il)-1β,Il-2,Il-4,Il-10,and keratinocyte chemoattractant/human growth-regulated oncogene significantly decreased in the mice treated with the highest dose of CsA(25 mg/kg)than those in the control ***

关键词： Cyclosporine(CsA) Cyclosporine analogue liver surgery Ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI) Animal model NIM-811

基于同步辐射光源X射线散射对聚乙醇酸挤出棒材退火条件的优化

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高分子材料科学与工程 2024年第4期40卷 79-92页

作者：骆佳伟周炳王洪学田雨川陈明明胡永峰中石化(上海)石油化工研究院有限公司上海201208

文中用同步辐射光源对聚乙醇酸(PGA)挤出棒材的切片进行广角X射线散射(WAXS)和小角X射线散射(SAXS)表征,研究聚乙醇酸棒材在挤出成型后优选的退火条件,以尽可能消除内应力,改善棒材后续的机械加工性。WAXS结果表明,高温更有利于微观应... 详细信息

文中用同步辐射光源对聚乙醇酸(PGA)挤出棒材的切片进行广角X射线散射(WAXS)和小角X射线散射(SAXS)表征,研究聚乙醇酸棒材在挤出成型后优选的退火条件,以尽可能消除内应力,改善棒材后续的机械加工性。WAXS结果表明,高温更有利于微观应变的减小,但较高温时晶粒尺寸会随退火时间的延长而减小。SAXS结果表明,高温更有利于取向程度的减小,退火时间对取向程度的影响明显弱于退火温度。综合各数据建立目标函数,并利用响应面分析法进行分析。结果表明,在实验范围内,PGA棒材的优选退火条件为200℃退火2h。

关键词：聚乙醇酸退火同步辐射光源 X射线散射响应面分析法

Nickel sulfate solution fluoride separation with hydrous zirconium oxide

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Tungsten 2024年第2期6卷 367-381页

作者： Elbert M.Nigri Ummul K.Sultana André l.A.Santos james W.Vaughan Sonia D.F.Rocha Department of Mining Engineering Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 31270-901Brazil School of Chemical Engineering University of QueenslandSt Lucia 4072Australia

Fluoride is an impurity in nickel sulfate production,which is required for electric vehicle *** zirconium oxide(hZO)was evaluated for removing fl uoride from nickel sulfate *** fluoride removal occurred at ph value 4 and optimal ph value is 4–5,considering Zr *** availability decreases with ph due to hydrogen fluoride and zirconium fluoride aqueous *** removal is initially rapid,with 50 wt.%removal in 7 min,followed by slow removal up to 68 wt.%after 72 h and follows second order rate *** removal was dominated by an ion exchange mechanism and resulting Zr–F bonds were observed using Fourier-transform infrared *** presence of nickel sulfate decreased loading capacity compared to a salt-free *** maintained adsorption capacity through five cycles of loading and regeneration.

关键词： hydrous zirconium oxide Nickel sulfate Fluoride Adsorption Anion exchange

Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina hromada Patrick heimel Markus Kerbl lászlóGál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Schaedl james Ferguson Nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes C.heinzel Antal Nógrádi Andreas h.Teuschl-Woller David hercher Department life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University Clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNGCs). however, the use of tNGCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNGC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNGCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNGCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNGCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNGCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNGCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNGCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNGCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization