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Modulation of human global/local perception by low spatial frequency filtering

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第21期48卷 2336-2339页

作者： HANShihui J.A.Weaver S.O.murray KANGXiaojian E.W.Yund d.L.Woods departmentofPsychology CenterforBrainandCognitiveSciencesPekingUniversityBeijing100871China departmentofNeurology UniversityofCaliforniaatDavisVANorthernCaliforniaSystemofClinicsDavisCA95616USA

We investigated the effect of low spatial fre-quency (SF) filtering on neural substrates underlying global and local processing in the peripheral vision by measuring hemodynamic responses with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Subjects identified global or local shapes of compound letters that were either broadband in spatial- frequency spectrum or contrast balanced (CB) to removed low SFs and displayed randomly in the left or right visual fields. Attention to both broadband and CB global shapes generated stronger activation over the medial occipital cor-tex relative to local attention. Lateralized activations in association with global processing were observed over the right temporal-parietal junction for broadband stimuli whereas over the right fusiform gyrus for CB stimuli. Atten-tion to CB local shapes resulted in activations in the medial frontal cortex, bilateral inferior frontal and superior tempo-ral cortices. The results were discussed in terms of the competition between global and local information in determining brain activations in association with global/local processing of compound stimuli.

关键词：神经系统血液动力学功能磁性共振图空间频率光谱

Functional outcomes assessment in shoulder surgery

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2014年第5期5卷 623-633页

作者： james d Wylie james T Beckmann Erin Granger Robert Z Tashjian department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Utah

The effective evaluation and management of orthopaedic conditions including shoulder disorders relies upon understanding the level of disability created by the disease process. Validated outcome measures are critical to the evaluation process. Traditionally, outcome measures have been physician derived objective evaluations including range of motion and radiologic evaluations. However, these measures can marginalize a patient's perception of their disability or outcome. As a result of these limitations, patient self-reported outcomes measures have become popular over the last quarter century and are currently primary tools to evaluate outcomes of treatment. Patient reported outcomes measures can be general health related quality of life measures, health utility measures, region specific health related quality of life measures or condition specific measures. Several patients self-reported outcomes measures have been developed and validated for evaluating patients with shoulder disorders. Computer adaptive testing will likely play an important role in the arsenal of measures used to evaluate shoulder patients in the future. The purpose of this article is to review the general health related quality-of-life measures as well as the jointspecific and condition specific measures utilized in evaluating patients with shoulder conditions. Advancesin computer adaptive testing as it relates to assessing dysfunction in shoulder conditions will also be reviewed.

关键词： Shoulder Functional outcome Quality-oflife Health utility measure Patient reported outcome

distal triceps injuries(including snapping triceps):A systematic review of the literature

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第6期8卷 507-513页

作者： Kimberley Shuttlewood james Beazley Christopher d Smith Royal devon and Exeter Hospital

AIM To review current literature on types of distal triceps injuryand determine diagnosis and appropriate *** We performed a systematic review in PubM ed, Cochrane and EMBASE using the terms distal triceps tears and snapping triceps on the 10 th January 2017. We excluded all animal, review, foreign language and repeat papers. We reviewed all papers for relevance and of the papers left we were able to establish the types of distal triceps injury, how these injuries are diagnosed and investigated and the types of management of these injuries including surgical. The results are then presented in a review paper *** Three hundred and seventy-nine papers were identified of which 65 were relevant to distal triceps injuries. After exclusion we had 47 appropriate papers. The papers highlighted 2 main distal triceps injuries: distal triceps tears and snapping triceps. Triceps tear are more common in males than females occurring in the 4th-5th decade of life and often due to a direct trauma but are also strongly associated with weightlifting and American football. The tears are diagnosed by history and clinically with a palpable gap. diagnosis can be confirmed with the use of ultrasound(US) and magnetic resonance imaging. Treatment depends on type of tear. Partial tears can be treated conservatively with bracing and physio whereas acute tears need repair either open or arthroscopic using suture anchor or bone tunnel techniques with similar success. Chronic tears often need augmenting with tendon allograft or autograft. Snapping triceps are also seen more in men than women but at a mean age of 32 years. They are characterized by a snapping sensation mostly medially and can be associated with ulna nerve subluxation and ulna nerve symptoms. US is the diagnostic modality of choice due to its dynamic nature and to differentiate between snapping triceps tendon or ulna nerve. Treatment is conservative initially with activity avoidance and if that fails surgi

关键词： Triceps distal Tear Rupture Snapping Partial thickness Biomechanical Anatomy

Alphabet strategy for diabetes care:A checklist approach in the time of COVId-19 and beyond

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World Journal of diabetes 2021年第4期12卷 407-419页

作者： Rajeev Upreti james d Lee Satyan Kotecha Vinod Patel department of Endocrinology George Eliot HospitalNuneaton CV107DJUnited Kingdom

Chronic disease management requires achievement of critical individualised targets to mitigate again long-term morbidity and premature mortality associated with diabetes *** responsibility for this lies with both the patient and health care *** plans have been introduced in many healthcare settings to provide a patient-centred approach that is both evidence-based to deliver positive clinical outcomes and allow individualised *** Alphabet strategy(AS) for diabetes is based around such a care plan and has been evidenced to deliver high clinical standards in both well-resourced and underresourced *** patient educational resources include special care plans for those people with diabetes undertaking fasting during Ramadan,Preconception Care, Prevention and Remission of *** Strategy and Care Plan has facilitated evidence-based,cost-efficient multifactorial intervention with an improvement in the National diabetes Audit targets for blood pressure,cholesterol levels and glycated *** of these attainments were of the standard seen in intensively treated cohorts of key randomized controlled trials in diabetes care such as the Steno-2 and United Kingdom Prospective diabetes *** is despite working in a relatively under-resourced service within the United Kingdom National Health *** AS for diabetes care is a useful tool to consider for planning care, education of people with diabetes and healthcare *** the time of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic the risk factors for the increased mortality observed have to be addressed *** AS has the potential to help with this aspiration.

关键词： Alphabet strategy COVId-19 Care planning Chronic disease diabetes care Multifactorial interventions Patient care

APPLYING PROJECT BASEd LEARNING IN AN UNdERGRAdUATE dESIGN ANd CONSTRUCTION PROGRAM AT APPALACHIAN STATE UNIVERSITY

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Journal of Green Building 2018年第4期13卷 147-165页

作者： james A Russell Chelsea R Helms R Chadwick Everhart d Jason Miller Associate Professor of Building Science Department of Sustainable Technology and the Built Environment(STBE)Appalachian State University397 Rivers StreetBooneNC28608 Practitioner in Residence Department of Sustainable Technology and the Built Environment(STBE)Appalachian State University397 Rivers StreetBooneNC28608 Principal Chad Everhart ArchitectPAWilliamsburgKY40769 Associate Professor Department of Sustainable Technology and the Built Environment(STBE)Appalachian State University397 Rivers StreetBooneNC28608.

INTROdUCTION Project based learning(PBL)fully engages students in the subject area,promotes teamwork,transdisciplinary collaboration,allows student teams to engage and solve community design problems and can ultimately lead to broader student ***,however,presents significant curricular challenges,including project definition and meaningful student *** authors began the process of exploring PBL through a National Science Foundation Transformation Undergraduate Education in Science,Technology,Engineering and Mathematics(TUES)*** program was piloted for two semesters under the TUES award and has now completed its eighth semester overall operating as a special curricular track in parallel with an existing,traditional curricular program in Building *** four years of dedicated PBL program experience to inform their efforts,the authors are currently reworking the existing Building Science program curriculum to fully integrate a PBL capstone during the senior year while establishing a clear curricular path,creating a sound base of projects,and maintaining resource limits that include,but are not limited to,facilities,materials and *** this paper,the authors discuss their successes and difficulties with imple-menting PBL in an undergraduate design and construction program by reviewing twelve years of both spontaneous and planned project based PBL experiences in an undergraduate design and construction program.

关键词： project based learning curriculum reform integrated design design-build

Addressing the impact of canine distemper spreading on an isolated tiger population in northeast Asia

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第6期18卷 994-1008页

作者： dawei WANG james L.d.SMITH Francesco ACCATINO Jianping GE Tianming WANG Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Engineering NFGA Key Laboratory for Conservation Ecology of Northeast Tiger and Leopard&College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina department of Fisheries Wildlife and Conservation BiologyUniversity of MinnesotaSt.PaulMNUSA UMR SAdAPT INRAEAgroParisTechUniversitéParis-SaclayPALAISEAU CedexFrance

The continuation of the isolated Amur tiger(Panthera tigris altaica)population living along the China-Russia border is facing serious challenges due to factors such as its small size(including 38 individuals)and canine distemper virus(CdV).We use a population viability analysis metamodel,which consists of a traditional individual-based demographic model linked to an epidemiological model,to assess options for controlling the impact of negative factors through domestic dog management in protected areas,increasing connectivity to the neighboring large population(including more than 400 individuals),and habitat *** intervention,under inbreeding depression of 3.14,6.29,and 12.26 lethal equivalents,our metamodel predicted the extinction within 100 years is 64.4%,90.6%,and 99.8%,*** addition,the simulation results showed that dog management or habitat expansion independently will not ensure tiger population viability for the next 100 years,and connectivity to the neighboring population would only keep the population size from rapidly ***,when the above three conservation scenarios are combined,even at the highest level of 12.26 lethal equivalents inbreeding depression,population size will not decline and the probability of extinction will bedings highlight that protecting the Amur tiger necessitates a multifaceted synergistic *** key management recommendations for this population underline the importance of reducing CdV threats and expanding tiger occupancy to its former range in China,but re-establishing habitat connectivity to the neighboring population is an important long-term objective.

关键词： Amur tiger canine distemper virus habitat connectivity metamodel population viability analysis(PVA)

Leading Approaches to Vascularize Kidney Constructs in Tissue Engineering

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Engineering 2022年第12期19卷 117-127页

作者： diana S.Lim John d.Jackson Anthony Atala james J.Yoo Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine Wake Forest University School of MedicineMedical Center BoulevardNC 27157USA

There is an unprecedented need for new treatments for renal failure,as the incidence of this disease is increasing disproportionately to advancements in *** treatments are limited by the availability of viable organs,for which there is a worldwide *** treatment modalities also require a substantial amount of infrastructure,significantly limiting the access to care in most *** tissue engineering approaches promise to develop alternative solutions that address many of the inadequacies in current *** many advancements have been made—primarily in the past decade—in biofabrication and whole-organ tissue engineering,many challenges *** major hindrance to the progress of current tissue engineering approaches is establishing successful vascularization of developed engineered tissue *** review focuses on the recent advancements that address the vascular challenge,including the biofabrication of vasculature,whole-organ engineering through decellularization and recellularization approaches,microscale organogenesis,and vascularization using organoids in the context of kidney tissue *** also highlight the specific challenges that remain in developing successful strategies capable of clinical translation.

关键词： Kidney Vascularization Tissue engineering Biofabrication Organoids

Reply to comment by durkin et *** “Using a modern analogue to interpret depositional position in ancient fluvial-tidal channels:Example from the Mcmurray Formation,Canada” by *** Croix,***,and ***

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第3期11卷 1087-1092页

作者： Andrew d.La Croix Shahin E.dashtgard james A.MacEachern School of Science University of WaikatoHamilton3240New Zealand Applied Research in Ichnology and Sedimentology(ARISE)Group Department of Earth SciencesSimon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBCV5A 1S6Canada

*** We are pleased to have the opportunity to discuss our paper (La Croix et al.,2019) with durkin et al.(2020).Their critique demonstrates the wide interest in the Mcmurray Formation held by both academic and industry geoscientists,especially given the economic importance of the stratigraphic ***,it highlights the various working interpretations for the unit’s paleoenvironmental setting and stratigraphic architecture;two highly contested scientific *** et al.

关键词： al. Canada fluvial

Sugarcane press mud modification of expansive soil stabilized at optimum lime content:Strength,mineralogy and microstructural investigation

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2020年第2期12卷 395-402页

作者： Jijo james SSN College of Engineering Chennai603110India

This study attempted to investigate the potential of sugarcane press mud(PM) as a secondary additive in conjunction with lime for the stabilization of an expansive *** physico-mechanical properties of an expansive soil,such as plasticity,shrink-swell behavior,unconfined compressive strength(UCS),mineralogical and microstructural characteristics were *** expansive soil was stabilized at its optimum lime content(7%) for producing maximum strength,and was modified with four different quantities of PM in small dosages(0.25%-2%).Cylindrical soil samples,38 mm in diameter and 76 mm in height,were cast and cured for varying periods to evaluate the strength of the amended *** spent samples after strength tests were further used for determination of other *** test results revealed that PM modification led to a substantial improvement in 7-d strength and noticeable increase in 28-d strength of the lime-stabilized soil(LSS).The addition of PM does not cause any detrimental changes to the shrink-swell properties as well as plasticity nature of the stabilized soil,despite being a material of organic *** investigation revealed that the formation of calcium silicate hydrate(CSH) minerals,similar to that of pure lime stabilization with only the type of mineral varying due to the modification of PM addition,does not significantly alter the microstructure of the LSS except for superficial changes being noticed.

关键词： Expansive soil Lime stabilization Press mud(PM) Strength Shrink-swell Mineralogy Microstructure