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Learning physically based material and lighting decompositions for face editing

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第2期10卷 295-308页

作者： Qian zhang Vikas Thamizharasan james Tompkin Brown University ProvidenceRhode Island 02906USA

Lighting is crucial for portrait photography,yet the complex interactions between the skin and incident light are expensive to model computationally in graphics and difficult to reconstruct analytically via computer ***,to allow fast and controllable reflectance and lighting editing,we developed a physically based decomposition through deep learned priors from path-traced portrait *** approaches that used simplified material models or low-frequency or low-dynamic-range lighting struggled to model specular reflections or relight directly without intermediate ***,we estimate the surface normal,skin albedo and roughness,and high-frequency HDRI maps,and propose an architecture to estimate both diffuse and specular reflectance *** our experiments,we show that this approach can represent the true appearance function more effectively than simpler baseline methods,leading to better generalization and higher-quality editing.

关键词： intrinsic decomposition portrait relighting inverse rendering deep learning

Template-assisted growth of Co-BaTiO_(3) vertically aligned nanocomposite thin films with strong magneto-optical coupling effect

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3130-3138页

作者： Zedong Hu Juanjuan Lu Hongyi Dou Jianan Shen james PBarnard Juncheng Liu xinghang zhang Haiyan Wang School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47906USA School of Materials Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47906USA

Oxide-metal based nanocomposite thin films have attracted great interests owing to their unique anisotropic structure and physical properties.A wide range of Au-based oxide-metal nanocomposites have been demonstrated,while other metal systems are scarce due to the challenges in the initial nucleation and growth as well as possible interdiffusions of the metallic *** this work,a unique anodic aluminum oxide(AAO)template was used to grow a thin Co seed layer and the following self-assembled metal-oxide(Co-BaTiO_(3))vertically aligned nanocomposite thin film *** AAO template allows the uniform growth of Co-seeds and successfully deposition of highly ordered Co pillars(with diameterxide *** magnetic anisotropy and strong magneto-optical coupling properties have been observed.A thin Au-BaTiO_(3) template was also later introduced for further enhanced nucleation and ordered growth of the *** the advantage of such a unique nanostructure,a large out-of-plane(OP)coercive field(Hc)of~5000 Oe has been achieved,making the nanocomposite an ideal candidate for high density perpendicular magnetic tunneling junction(p-MTJ).A strong polar magneto-optical Kerr effect(MOKE)has also been observed which inspires a novel optical-based reading method of the MTJ states.

关键词： vertically aligned nanocomposite(VAN) Co BaTiO_(3) thin film magneto-optical coupling magnetic anisotropy

Complexity of drug therapy and its implications for quality of diabetes care

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World Journal of Diabetes 2011年第7期2卷 105-107页

作者： james x zhang Center for Comparative Effectiveness Research The Lewin GroupFalls ChurchVA 23298United States

Diabetes is a leading cause of mortality,morbidity and disability around the *** the past two decades,diabetes care has grown more complex as patients have received multi-component *** studies have illumined the complexity of drug therapy in patients with diabetes.A high level of drug utilization in diabetes patients has serious implications for quality of care,in terms of coordination of care,drug safety and access to ***,researchers,payers and policy makers should be aware of these implications and incorporate the complexity of diabetes care into practice guidelines,benefit design and policy formulation to improve the quality of care.

关键词： Complexity Drug therapy Quality of care

Fast and Balanced Charge Transport Enabled by Solution-Processed Metal Oxide Layers for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 240-248页

作者： Jing zhang james Mcgettrick Kangyu Ji Jinxin Bi Thomas Webb xueping Liu Dongtao Liu Aobo Ren Yuren xiang Bowei Li Vlad Stolojan Trystan Watson Samuel D.Stranks Wei zhang Advanced Technology Institute(ATI) University of SurreyGuildfordSurrey GU27XHUK SPECIFIC College of EngineeringSwansea UniversityBay Campus SA18ENSwansea UK Cavendish Laboratory University of CambridgeJ JThomson AvenueCambridge CB30HEUK Department of Chemical Engineering&Biotechnology University of CambridgePhilippa Fawcett DriveCambridge CB30ASUK

Metal oxide charge transport materials are preferable for realizing long-term stable and potentially low-cost perovskite solar cells(PSCs).However,due to some technical difficulties(e.g.,intricate fabrication protocols,high-temperature heating process,incompatible solvents,etc.),it is still challenging to achieve efficient and reliable all-metal-oxide-based ***,we developed efficient inverted PSCs(IPSCs)based on solution-processed nickel oxide(NiO_(x))and tin oxide(SnO_(2))nanoparticles,working as hole and electron transport materials respectively,enabling a fast and balanced charge transfer for photogenerated charge *** further understanding and optimizing the perovskite/metal oxide interfaces,we have realized an outstanding power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 23.5%(the bandgap of the perovskite is 1.62 eV),which is the highest efficiency among IPSCs based on all-metal-oxide charge transport *** to these stable metal oxides and improved interface properties,ambient stability(retaining 95%of initial PCE after 1 month),thermal stability(retaining 80%of initial PCE after 2 weeks)and light stability(retaining 90%of initial PCE after 1000 hours aging)of resultant devices are enhanced *** addition,owing to the low-temperature fabrication procedures of the entire device,we have obtained a PCE of over 21%for flexible IPSCs with enhanced operational stability.

关键词： fast and balanced charge transfer inverted perovskite solar cells long-term stability low-temperature processing metal oxides

A lunar time scale from the perspective of the Moon’s dynamic evolution

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 234-251页

作者： Dijun GUO Jianzhong LIU james WHEAD Fuqin zhang Zongcheng LING Shengbo CHEN Jianping CHEN xiaozhong DING Jinzhu JI Ziyuan OUYANG State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Center for Lunar and Planetary Sciences Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China Department of Earth Environmental and Planetary SciencesBrown UniversityProvidence RI 02912USA Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment Institute of Space SciencesShandong UniversityWeihai 264209China College of Geoexploration Science and Technology Jilin UniversityChangchun 130026China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Inner Mongolia University of TechnologyHohhot 010051China Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230026China

A geologic time scale is a chronological system that separates the geological strata of a planetary body into different units in temporal sequence and shows its progressive *** time scale of the Moon was established a half-century ago during the telescopic-early Apollo exploration era,using data with limited spatial coverage and *** past decades have seen a wide array of studies,which have significantly extended our understanding of global lunar geologic *** on a comprehensive review of lunar evolution with respect to the dynamical changes,we propose two major updates to the current lunar time scale paradigm to include the evolution of both endogenic and exogenic dynamic forces now known to have influenced early lunar ***,based on the temporal interplay of exogenic and endogenic processes in altering the Moon,we defined three Eon/Eonothem-level units to represent three dynamical evolutionary ***,the pre-Nectarian System is redefined and divided as the magma ocean-era Magma-oceanian System and the following Aitkenian System beginning with the South Pole-Aitken *** ejecta of this basin,Das Formation,was deposited on the primordial lunar crust as the oldest stratum produced from exogenic *** updated lunar time scale,facilitated by the post-Apollo exploration and research advances,provides an integrated framework to depict the evolution of the Moon and has important implications for the geologic study of other terrestrial planets.

关键词： The Moon Geologic time scale Evolution history Endogenic process Exogenic process

Epigenetic silencing of BEND4, a novel DNA damage repair gene, is a synthetic lethal marker for ATM inhibitor in pancreatic cancer

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FRONTIERS OF MEDICINE 2024年第4期18卷 721-734页

作者： Yao, Yuanxin Lv, Honghui zhang, Meiying Li, Yuan Herman, james G. Brock, Malcolm V. Gao, Aiai Wang, Qian Fuks, Francois zhang, Lirong Guo, Mingzhou Chinese Peoples Liberat Army Gen Hosp Med Ctr 1 Dept Gastroenterol & Hepatol Beijing 100853 Peoples R China Zhengzhou Univ Sch Basic Med Sci Dept Pharmacol Zhengzhou 450001 Peoples R China Zhengzhou Univ Henan Inst Adv Technol Zhengzhou 450001 Peoples R China Chinese Peoples Liberat Army Gen Hosp Med Ctr 1 Natl Key Lab Kidney Dis Chinese PLA Inst NephrolState Key Lab Kidney Dis Beijing 100853 Peoples R China Univ Pittsburgh UPMC Hillman Canc Ctr Med Ctr Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Johns Hopkins Sch Med Sch Med Dept Surg Baltimore MD 21287 USA Univ Libre Bruxelles ULB Fac Med Canc Res Ctr U CRC Lab Canc Epigenet B-1070 Brussels Belgium

Synthetic lethality is a novel model for cancer therapy. To understand the function and mechanism of BEN domain-containing protein 4 (BEND4) in pancreatic cancer, eight cell lines and a total of 492 cases of pancreatic neoplasia samples were included in this study. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction, CRISPR/Cas9, immunoprecipitation assay, comet assay, and xenograft mouse model were used. BEND4 is a new member of the BEN domain family. The expression of BEND4 is regulated by promoter region methylation. It is methylated in 58.1% (176/303) of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), 33.3% (14/42) of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, 31.0% (13/42) of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, 14.3% (3/21) of mucinous cystic neoplasm, 4.3% (2/47) of solid pseudopapillary neoplasm, and 2.7% (1/37) of serous cystic neoplasm. BEND4 methylation is significantly associated with late-onset PDAC (> 50 years, P < 0.01) and tumor differentiation (P < 0.0001), and methylation of BEND4 is an independent poor prognostic marker (P < 0.01) in PDAC. Furthermore, BEND4 plays tumor-suppressive roles in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, BEND4 involves non-homologous end joining signaling by interacting with Ku80 and promotes DNA damage repair. Loss of BEND4 increased the sensitivity of PDAC cells to ATM inhibitor. Collectively, the present study revealed an uncharacterized tumor suppressor BEND4 and indicated that methylation of BEND4 may serve as a potential synthetic lethal marker for ATM inhibitor in PDAC treatment.

关键词： BEND4 DNA methylation synthetic lethality NHEJ pathway IDENTIFY MOLECULAR SUBTYPES PATHWAY DOMAIN

Epigenetic silencing schlafen-11 sensitizes esophageal cancer to ATM inhibitor

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第5期16卷 2060-2073页

作者： Jing Zhou Mei-Ying zhang Ai-Ai Gao Cheng Zhu Tao He james G Herman Ming-Zhou Guo School of Medicine NanKai UniversityTianjin 300071China Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology The First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China Departments of Pathology Characteristic Medical Center of The Chinese People’s Armed Police ForceTianjin 300162China The Hillman Cancer Center University of Pittsburgh Cancer InstitutePittsburghPA 15213United States National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China

BACKGROUND Targeting DNA damage response(DDR)pathway is a cutting-edge *** has been reported that Schlafen-11(SLFN11)contributes to increase chemosensitivity by participating in ***,the detailed mechanism is *** To investigate the role of SLFN11 in DDR and the application of synthetic lethal in esophageal cancer with SLFN11 *** To reach the purpose,eight esophageal squamous carcinoma cell lines,142 esophageal dysplasia(ED)and 1007 primary esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)samples and various techniques were utilized,including methylationspecific polymerase chain reaction,CRISPR/Cas9 technique,Western blot,colony formation assay,and xenograft mouse *** Methylation of SLFN11 was exhibited in 9.15%of(13/142)ED and 25.62%of primary(258/1007)ESCC cases,and its expression was regulated by promoter region ***11 methylation was significantly associated with tumor differentiation and tumor size(both P<0.05).However,no significant associations were observed between promoter region methylation and age,gender,smoking,alcohol consumption,TNM stage,or lymph node *** DNA damaged model induced by low dose cisplatin,SLFN11 was found to activate non-homologous end-joining and ATR/CHK1 signaling pathways,while inhibiting the ATM/CHK2 signaling *** silencing of SLFN11 was found to sensitize the ESCC cells to ATM inhibitor(AZD0156),both in vitro and in *** SLFN11 is frequently methylated in human *** of SLFN11 is sensitive marker of ATM inhibitor in ESCC.

关键词： Schlafen-11 Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma DNA methylation Synthetic lethality AZD0156

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试论医疗服务市场条件下的效率

医学与社会 2000年第5期13卷 1-3页

作者：张学杰美国芝加哥大学芝加哥60007

中国医疗服务市场化取向的改革 ,现已进入重要阶段。与国民经济其他部门不同的是 ,医疗服务产业在诸方面有其特殊性。文章试图从经济学的层面 ,对医疗服务市场的一些个性加以剖析 ,同时比照发达国家资源配置的例子 ,对中国医疗服务市场... 详细信息

中国医疗服务市场化取向的改革 ,现已进入重要阶段。与国民经济其他部门不同的是 ,医疗服务产业在诸方面有其特殊性。文章试图从经济学的层面 ,对医疗服务市场的一些个性加以剖析 ,同时比照发达国家资源配置的例子 ,对中国医疗服务市场效率的深化提出若干建议。

关键词：医疗服务市场效率产出研究

Unveiling the distinctive traits of functional rye centromeres:minisatellites,retrotransposons,and R-loop formation

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 1989-2002页

作者： Chang Liu Shulan Fu Congyang Yi Yang Liu Yuhong Huang xianrui Guo Kaibiao zhang Qian Liu james A.Birchler Fangpu Han State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory for Plant Genetics and Breeding Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Division of Biological Science University of MissouriColumbia 65211-7400USA

Centromeres play a vital role in cellular division by facilitating kinetochore assembly and spindle *** their conserved functionality,centromeric DNA sequences exhibit rapid evolution,presenting diverse sizes and compositions across *** functional significance of rye centromeric DNA sequences,particularly in centromere identity,remains *** this study,we comprehensively characterized the sequence composition and organization of rye *** findings revealed that these centromeres are primarily composed of long terminal repeat retrotransposons(LTR-RTs)and interspersed *** systematically classified LTR-RTs into five categories,highlighting the prevalence of younger CRS1,CRS2,and CRS3 of CRSs(centromeric retrotransposons of Secale cereale)were primarily located in the core centromeres and exhibited a higher association with CENH3 *** minisatellites,mainly derived from retrotransposons,along with CRSs,played a pivotal role in establishing functional centromeres in ***,we observed the formation of R-loops at specific regions of CRS1,CRS2,and CRS3,with both rye pericentromeres and centromeres exhibiting enrichment in ***,these R-loops selectively formed at binding regions of the CENH3 nucleosome in rye centromeres,suggesting a potential role in mediating the precise loading of CENH3 to centromeres and contributing to centromere *** work provides insights into the DNA sequence composition,distribution,and potential function of R-loops in rye *** knowledge contributes valuable information to understanding the genetics and epigenetics of rye centromeres,offering implications for the development of synthetic centromeres in future plant modifications and beyond.

关键词： centromere LTR-RTs minisatellite rye R-loop