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Ictal-interictal continuum:a review of recent advancements

Acta Epileptologica 2020年第1期2卷 101-110页

作者： james X.Tao Xiaoxiao Qin Qun wang Department of Neurology The University of Chicago5841 South Maryland Ave.MC2030ChicagoIL 6063U.S.A.. Department of Neurology Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingP.R.China. China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases BeijingP.R.China.

Continuous electroencephalogram(cEEG)has become an indispensable technique in the management of critically ill patients for early detection and treatment of non-convulsive seizures(NCS)and non-convulsive status epilepticus(NCSE).It has also brought about a renaissance in a wide range of rhythmic and periodic patterns with heterogeneous frequency and *** patterns share the rhythmic and sharp appearances of electrographic seizures,but often lack the necessary frequency,spatiotemporal evolution and clinical accompaniments to meet the definitive criteria for ictal *** may be associated with cerebral metabolic crisis and neuronal injury,therefore not clearly interictal either,but lie along an intervening spectrum referred to as ictal-interictal continuum(IIC).Generally speaking,rhythmic and periodic patterns are categorized as interictal patterns when occurring at a rate of2.5 Hz with spatiotemporal *** such,IIC commonly includes the rhythmic and periodic patterns occurring at a rate of 1–2.5 Hz without spatiotemporal evolution and clinical *** there are no evidence-based guidelines on when and if to treat patients with IIC patterns,and particularly how aggressively to treat,presenting a challenging electrophysiological and clinical *** practice,a diagnostic trial with preferably a non-sedative anti-seizure medication(ASM)can be considered with the end point being both clinical and electrographic *** available and necessary,correlation of IIC with biomarkers of neuronal injury,such as neuronal specific enolase(NSE),neuroimaging,depth electrode recording,cerebral microdialysis and oxygen measurement,can be assessed for the consideration of ASM *** we review the recent advancements in their clinical significance,risk stratification and treatment algorithm.

关键词： Periodic discharges Critical care Continuous EEG Ictal-interictal continuum Nonconvulsive seizures

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Elevated Homocysteine and C-reactive Protein Levels Independently Predict Worsening Prognosis after Stroke in Chinese Patients

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2010年第5期30卷 643-647页

作者：严江涛 james K Liao 汪道文 The Institute of Hypertension and Department of Internal Medicine Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Vascular Medicine Research Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School

Increased plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels are independent risk factors for cardiovascular ***, the predictive value of tHcy in combination with hsCRP in patients with stroke is not *** determine the relationship between tHcy and hsCRP, we enrolled 291 patients with first-onset stroke (196 ischemic and 95 hemorrhagic).Plasma tHcy and hsCRP levels were measured and subsequent vascular events and deaths were determined over a 5-year *** the arbitrary cutoff for tHcy (3 mg/L), the patients were divided into 6 *** analysis showed that the probability of death or new vascular events during a 5-year follow-up increased according to tHcy and hsCRP levels (P3 mg/L) compared with those with low tHcy (3 mg/L) was still significantly associated with the risk of death or new vascular events (RR, 4.10, 95% CI, 1.61 to 10.45, P=0.003) even when adjusted for other risk factors at *** combination of increased tHcy and hsCRP levels had a stronger predictive value than increased hsCRP alone or increased tHcy level *** studies are required to evaluate the potential decrease in risks associated with lowering both Hcy and hsCRP levels in patients that present with both increased tHcy and hsCRP.

关键词： homocysteine C-reactive protein inflammation stroke

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Orientational Chirality,Its Asymmetric Control,and Computational Study

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Research 2023年第1期2022卷 545-552页

作者： Shengzhou Jin Yu wang Yao Tang Jia-Yin wang Ting Xu Junyi Pan Sai Zhang Qiankai Yuan Anis Ur Rahman james D.McDonald Guo-Qiang wang Shuhua Li Guigen Li School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing210093China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTX 79409-1061USA Continuous Flow Engineering Laboratory of National Petroleum and Chemical Industry Changzhou UniversityChangzhouJiangsu 213164China

Orientational chirality was discovered and characterized by a C(sp)-C(sp3)axis-anchored chiral center and a remotely anchored blocker.X-ray structural analysis proved that orientatiomers are stabilized by through-space functional groups,making it possible for 1 R-or S-chiral center to exhibit 3 orientational isomers simply by rotating operations.A new model system was proposed,fundamentally different from the traditional Felkin-Ahn-type or Cram-type *** these traditional models,chiral C(sp^(3))center and blocking C(sp^(3))carbons are connected adjacently,and there exist 6 energy barriers during rotating along the C(sp^(2))-C(sp^(3))*** comparison,the present orientational chirality model shows that a chiral C(sp)-C(sp^(3))carbon is remotely located from a blocking ***,it is focused on the steric dialog between a chiral C(sp^(3))center and a remotely anchored functional *** exist 3 energy barriers for either(R)-or(S)-C(sp)-C(sp^(3))stereogenicity in the new *** amide auxiliary was proven to be an excellent chiral auxiliary in controlling rotations of orientatiomers to give complete *** asymmetric synthesis of individual orientatiomers was conducted via multistep synthesis by taking advantage of the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling and Sonogashira coupling *** functional theory computational study presented optimized conformers and relative energies for individual *** discovery would be anticipated to result in a new stereochemistry topic and have a broad impact on chemical,biomedical,and material sciences in the future.

关键词： chiral Chiral rotating

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Update on Molecular Imaging in Parkinson's Disease

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2018年第2期34卷 330-340页

作者： Zhen-Yang Liu Feng-Tao Liu Chuan-Tao Zuo james B.Koprich Jian wang Department of Neurology and National Clinical Research Center for Ageing and Medicine Huashan Hospital Fudan University PET Center Huashan Hospital Fudan University Krembil Institute Toronto Western Hospital University Health Network

Advances in radionuclide tracers have allowed for more accurate imaging that reflects the actions of numerous neurotransmitters, energy metabolism utilization, inflammation, and pathological protein accumulation. All of these achievements in molecular brain imaging have broadened our understanding of brain function in Parkinson’s disease(PD).The implementation of molecular imaging has supported more accurate PD diagnosis as well as assessment of therapeutic outcome and disease progression. Moreover, molecular imaging is well suited for the detection of preclinical or prodromal PD cases. Despite these advances, future frontiers of research in this area will focus on using multi-modalities combining positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging along with causal modeling with complex algorithms.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Positron emission tomography SPECT

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Evaluation of Glycosaminoglycan in the Lumbar Disc Using Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer MR at 3.0 Tesla:Reproducibility and Correlation with Disc Degeneration

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2016年第1期29卷 47-55页

作者： Deng Min Yuan Jing Chen Wei Tian Queenie Chan james F Griffith wang Yi Xiang Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong SAR 999077China Medical Physics and Research Department Hong Kong Sanatorium&HospitalHappy ValleyHong Kong SAR 999077China MR Clinical Science Philips Healthcare Greater ChinaHong Kong SAR 999077 China

Objective This study aims to explore the clinical applicability and relevance of giycosaminoglycan Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer （gagCEST） for intervertebral disc. Methods 25 subjects ranging in age from 24 yrs to 74 yrs were enrolled, gagCEST was acquired using a single-slice TSE sequence on a 3T. Saturation used a continuous rectangular RF pulse with B1=0.8 I^T and a fixed duration time =1100 ms. Sagittal image was obtained firstly without saturation pulse, and then saturated images were acquired at 52 offsets ranging from ＋0.i25 to ＋_7 parts per million （ppm）. MR T2 relaxivity map was acquired at the identical location. Six subjects were scanned twice to assess scan-rescan reproducibility. Results GagCEST intraclass correlation coefficient （ICC） of six subjects was 0.759 for nucleus pulposus （NP） and 0.508 for annulus fibrosus （AF）. Bland-Altman plots showed NP had a mean difference of 0.10% （95% limits of agreement： -3.02% to 3.22%）; while that of AF was 0.34% （95% limits of agreement： -2.28% to 2.95%）. For the 25 subjects, gag CEST in NP decreased as disc degeneration increased, with a similar trend to T2 relaxivity. Gag CEST of AF showed a better correlation with disc degeneration than T2 relaxivity. Conclusion GagCEST in NP and AF decreased as disc degeneration increased, while gagCEST in AF showed a better correlation than T2 relaxivity.

关键词： Glycosaminoglycan Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) Reproducibility Discdegeneration

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The proper strategy to compress and protect plasmid DNA in the Pluronic L64-electropulse system for enhanced intramuscular gene delivery

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2019年第5期6卷 289-298页

作者： Yutong He Yili Liu Zhe Sun Fei Han james Zhenggui Tang Rong Gao Gang wang National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry Education College of Life ScienceSichuan UniversityNo.29Wangjiang RoadChengduSichuan 610064P.R.China Research Institute in Healthcare Science Faculty of Science and EngineeringSchool of PharmacyUniversity of WolverhamptonWolverhampton WV11SBUK

Intramuscular expression of functional proteins is a promising strategy for therapeutic ***,we developed an intramuscular gene delivery method by combining Pluronic L64 and optimized electropulse,which is among the most efficient methods to ***,plasmid DNAs(pDNAs)in this method were not compressed,making them unstable and inefficient in *** considered that a proper compression of pDNAs by an appropriate material should facilitate gene expression in this L64-electropulse ***,we reported our finding of such a material,Epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG),a natural compound in green teas,which could compress and protect pDNAs and significantly increase intramuscular gene expression in the L64-electropulse ***,we found that polyethylenimine(PEI)could also slightly improve exogenous gene expression in the optimal *** analysing the characteristic differences between EGCG and PEI,we concluded that negatively charged materials with strong affinity to nucleic acids and/or other properties suitable for gene delivery,such as EGCG,are better alternatives than cationic materials(like PEI)for muscle-based gene *** results revealed that a critical principle for material/pDNA complex benefitting intramuscular gene delivery/expression is to keep the complex negatively *** proof-of-concept study displays the breakthrough in compressing pDNAs and provides a principle and strategy to develop more efficient intramuscular gene delivery systems for therapeutic applications.

关键词： muscle-based gene delivery gene therapy EGCG PEI Pluronic L64-electropulse

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The role of tungsten-related elements for improving the electrochemical performances of cathode materials in lithium ion batteries

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Tungsten 2021年第3期3卷 245-259页

作者： Yong-Qi Sun Weng Fu Yu-Xiang Hu james Vaughan Lian-Zhou wang Nanomaterials Centre School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and NanotechnologyThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia School of Chemical Engineering The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

Lithium ion batteries using Ni-Co-Mn ternary oxide materials(NCMs)and Ni-Co-Al materials(NCAs)as the cathode materials are dominantly employed to power the electric vehicles(EVs).Increasing the driving range of EVs necessitates an increase of Ni content to improve the energy densities,which,however,degrades the cycle *** we review the doping/coating of tungsten and related elements to improve the electrochemical performance of these cathodes especially the cycle *** selection of tungsten and related elements is based on their special properties including the high valence state,strong bonding with oxygen and the large ionic *** improvement of cycle stability mainly results from two features:(1)the enhancement of bulk structure stability upon doping(Mo,W,Ta,Nb)and(2)the resistance of side reactions of electrode/electrolyte by the surficial layer induced by direct coating(V,W,Nb)or bulk *** the recent high Ni materials,the formation of Ni2+and its migration to the Li layer induced by these doped/coated tungsten-related elements,and the presence of spinel or rock-salt phase before cycling contributes to improving the cycle *** key challenges are the selection of an optimized additive concentration and the fundamental understanding of the reaction mechanism,which will provide insightful guidance for maximizing the electrochemical performance of the state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries at minimal additional process costs.

关键词： Nickel-cobalt-manganese oxide cathodes Electrochemical performances Tungsten and related elements Doping/coating

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Cardiac CT blooming artifacts:clinical significance,root causes and potential solutions

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Visual Computing for Industry,Biomedicine,and Art 2022年第1期5卷 352-364页

作者： Jed DPack Mufeng Xu Ge wang Lohendran Baskaran james Min Bruno De Man GE Research NiskayunaNY 12309USA Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY 12180USA Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY 10065USA National Heart Centre Singapore 169609Singapore Cleerly New York NY 10065USA

This review paper aims to summarize cardiac CT blooming artifacts,how they present clinically and what their root causes and potential solutions are.A literature survey was performed covering any publications with a specific interest in calcium blooming and stent blooming in cardiac *** claims from literature are compared and interpreted,aiming at narrowing down the root causes and most promising solutions for blooming *** than 30 journal publications were identified with specific relevance to blooming *** main reported causes of blooming artifacts are the partial volume effect,motion artifacts and beam *** proposed solutions are classified as high-resolution CT hardware,high-resolution CT reconstruction,subtraction techniques and post-processing techniques,with a special emphasis on deep learning(DL)*** partial volume effect is the leading cause of blooming *** partial volume effect can be minimized by increasing the CT spatial resolution through higherresolution CT hardware or advanced high-resolution CT *** addition,DL techniques have shown great promise to correct for blooming artifacts.A combination of these techniques could avoid repeat scans for subtraction techniques.

关键词： Cardiac CT Coronary artery imaging Calcium blooming In-stent restenosis Partial volume Motion artifacts Beam hardening

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Air-core characteristics in a swirling tunnel flow

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2022年第4期34卷 634-646页

作者： Jun-hu Nan Huan Gao Chao-qun wang Kang-ning Ma james Yang Jia-fang Wei Guo-dong Li State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region Xi'an University of TechnologyXi'an 710048China College of Energy and Power Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730050China Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering Royal Institute of Technology(KTH)StockholmSweden

A cost-effective technique to dissipate the energy in hydropower systems is the formation of a swirling flow within a *** such flows,an air core with a significant cross section usually *** reveal the air-core features in the horizontal tunnel of a high-head shaft spillway,laboratory tests,numerical modeling,and prototype observations are performed,to examine issues such as the formation of the air core,the interjacent air motion,the air-carrying capacity,and the scale *** is shown that the shape of the air core varies greatly in the axial and radial directions along the tunnel and that the center of the core deviates from the axis of the *** motion of the air within the core is caused by the combined action of the water entrainment on the inner surface of the swirling flow and the axial pressure difference in the air *** aeration process can be divided into five processes with respect to the changes of the gate openings.A theoretical expression is established for the air-carrying capacity of the swirling *** vacuum degree is the similarity condition of the air-carrying capacity of the swirling flow between the model and prototype tests based on the Froude law of the similitude,and this similarity condition is verified by both the model and prototype *** work provides a reference for the application of the swirling flows in horizontal hydropower tunnels.

关键词： Horizontal tunnel swirlingflow air core air-carrying capacity scale effect

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Do Research Incentives Promote Researchers’Mental Health?

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2023年第8期25卷 903-914页

作者： Liujian Gu Tao wang Chuanyi wang M.james CCrabbe Xiao-Guang Yue Institute of Education Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Wolfson College Oxford UniversityOxfordOX26UDUK Department of Computer Science and Engineering European University CyprusNicosia1516Cyprus

Background:Researchers have a higher risk of anxiety and depression than the general population,so it is important to promote researchers’mental ***:Based on the data from 3210 global researchers surveyed by the journal Nature in 2021,confirmatory factor analysis,OLS regression and other regressions were used to explore the research incentive dimensions and their effects on researchers’mental ***:(1)Material incentive factors,work-family life balance factors,good organizational environment and spiritual motivation had significant positive effects on researchers’mental health.(2)The spiritual motivation could better promote researchers’mental health than the other factors.(3)Heterogeneity analysis showed that material incentive factors and spiritual motivation created more significant stimulating effects on the mental health of humanities and social sciences ***-family life balance factors were more effective in promoting the mental health of the mid-career group and the overtime ***:Application of the four research incentives resulted in lower likelihood of anxiety or depression among researchers,and special attention should be paid to the role of the spiritual *** order to promote researchers’mental health,different incentives should be applied to different researcher groups to better improve researchers’mental health.

关键词： Researchers mental health research incentive

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