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Ranking environmental and edaphic attributes driving soil microbial community structure and activity with special attention to spatial and temporal scales

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mLife 2024年第1期3卷 21-41页

作者： Vadakattu V.s.R.Gupta james M.Tiedje CsIRO Agriculture&Food UrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia Centre for Microbial Ecology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA

The incredibly complex soil microbial communities at small scales make their analysis and identification of reasons for the observed structures *** community structure is mainly a result of the inoculum(dispersal),the selective advantages of those organisms under the habitat-based environmental attributes,and the ability of those colonizers to sustain themselves over *** soil is protective,and its microbial inhabitants have long adapted to varied soil conditions,significant portions of the soil microbial community structure are likely ***,a substantial portion of the community will not correlate to often measured soil *** suggest that the drivers be ranked on the basis of their importance to the fundamental needs of the microbes:(i)those that supply energy,i.e.,organic carbon and electron acceptors;(i)environmental effectors or stressors,i.e.,pH,salt,drought,and toxic chemicals;(ii)macro-organism associations,i.e.,plants and their seasonality,animals and their fecal matter,and soil fauna;and(iv)nutrients,in order,N,P,and probably of lesser importance,other micronutrients,and *** relevance of drivers also varies with spatial and time scales,for example,aggregate to field to regional,and persistent to dynamic populations to transcripts,and with the extent of phylogenetic difference,hence phenotypic differences in organismal *** present a summary matrix to provide guidance on which drivers are important for particular studies,with special emphasis on a wide range of spatial and temporal scales,and illustrate this with genomic and population(rRNA gene)data from selected studies.

关键词： abundance community structure diversity functional microbiome microorganisms

LsTM Network-Based Adaptation Approach for Dynamic Integration in Intelligent End-Edge-Cloud systems

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Tsinghua science and Technology 2024年第4期29卷 1219-1231页

作者： Xuan Yang james A.Esquivel Graduate school Angeles University FoundationAngeles City 2009Philippinesand also with Shandong Provincial University Laboratory for Protected HorticultureWeifang University of Science and TechnologyWeifang 262700China Graduate school Angeles University FoundationAngeles City 2009Philippines

Edge computing, which migrates compute-intensive tasks to run on the storage resources of edge devices, efficiently reduces data transmission loss and protects data privacy. However, due to limited computing resources and storage capacity, edge devices fail to support real-time streaming data query and processing. To address this challenge, first, we propose a Long short-Term Memory (LsTM) network-based adaptive approach in the intelligent end-edge-cloud system. specifically, we maximize the Quality of Experience (QoE) of users by automatically adapting their resource requirements to the storage capacity of edge devices through an event mechanism. second, to reduce the uncertainty and non-complete adaption of the edge device towards the user’s requirements, we use the LsTM network to analyze the storage capacity of the edge device in real time. Finally, the storage features of the edge devices are aggregated to the cloud to re-evaluate the comprehensive capability of the edge devices and ensure the fast response of the user devices during the dynamic adaptation matching process. A series of experimental results show that the proposed approach has superior performance compared with traditional centralized and matrix decomposition based approaches.

关键词： quality of experience data query end-edge-cloud Long short-Term Memory(LsTM)networks

Genetic risk stratification of inflammatory bowel disease-associated venous thromboembolism:An Asian perspective

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1250-1252页

作者： james Guoxian Huang Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of PaediatricsKhoo Teck Puat-National University Children’s Medical InstituteNational University Health SystemSingapore 119228Singapore Department of Paediatrics Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 119228Singapore

The utilisation of polygenic scoring models may enhance the clinician’s ability to risk stratify an inflammatory bowel disease patient’s individual risk for venous thromboembolism(VTE)and guide the appropriate usage... 详细信息

关键词： Thromboembolism Inflammatory bowel disease Genetic screening Venous thromboembolism Thromboprophylaxis

Targeting muscle to treat Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1653-1654页

作者： David Villarroel-Campos james N.sleigh Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen square Motor Neuron Disease Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK UK Dementia Research Institute University College LondonLondonUK

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease(CMT)is a hereditary peripheral neuropathy causing muscle weakness/wasting and sensory dysfunction predominantly in limb *** patients display gait abnormalities,foot deformities,loss of sens... 详细信息

关键词： Marie sensation neuropathy

Medical artificial intelligence and the black box problem:a view based on the ethical principle of“do no harm”

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Intelligent Medicine 2024年第1期4卷 52-57页

作者： Hanhui Xu Kyle Michael james shuttleworth school of Medicine Nankai UniversityTianjin300071China Department of Global Connectivity Akita International UniversityOkutsubakidai-193-2 YuwatsubakigawaAkita010-1211Japan

One concern about the application of medical artificial intelligence(AI)regards the“black box”feature which can only be viewed in terms of itsinputs and outputs,with no way to understand the AI’s *** problematic because patients,physicians,and even designers,do not understand why or how a treatment recommendation is produced by AI *** view claims that the worry about black-box medicine is unreasonable because AI systems outperform human doctors in identifying the ***,under the medical AI-physicianpatient model,the physician can undertake the responsibility of interpreting the medical AI’s *** this study,we focus on the potential harm caused by the unexplainability feature of medical AI and try to show that such possible harm is *** will seek to contribute to the literature from three ***,we appealed to a thought experiment to show that although the medical AI systems perform better on accuracy,the harm caused by medical AI’s misdiagnoses may be more serious than that caused by human doctors’misdiagnoses in some ***,in patient-centered medicine,physicians were obligated to provide adequate information to their patients in medical ***,the unexplainability feature of medical AI systems would limit the patient’s ***,we tried to illustrate the psychological and financial burdens that may be caused by the unexplainablity feature of medical AI systems,which seems to be ignored by the previous ethical discussions.

关键词： Medical artificial intelligence Black box problem Do no harm Paternalism

A Cover-Independent Deep Image Hiding Method Based on Domain Attention Mechanism

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3001-3019页

作者： Nannan Wu Xianyi Chen james Msughter Adeke Junjie Zhao school of Computer and software Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China school of Electronics and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China

Recently,deep image-hiding techniques have attracted considerable attention in covert communication and high-capacity information ***,these approaches have some *** example,a cover image lacks self-adaptability,information leakage,or weak *** address these issues,this study proposes a universal and adaptable image-hiding ***,a domain attention mechanism is designed by combining the Atrous convolution,which makes better use of the relationship between the secret image domain and the cover image ***,to improve perceived human similarity,perceptual loss is incorporated into the training *** experimental results are promising,with the proposed method achieving an average pixel discrepancy(APD)of 1.83 and a peak signal-to-noise ratio(PsNR)value of 40.72 dB between the cover and stego images,indicative of its high-quality ***,the structural similarity index measure(ssIM)reaches 0.985 while the learned perceptual image patch similarity(LPIPs)remarkably registers at ***,self-testing and cross-experiments demonstrate the model’s adaptability and generalization in unknown hidden spaces,making it suitable for diverse computer vision tasks.

关键词： Deep image hiding attention mechanism privacy protection data security visual quality

sim-to-Real: A Performance Comparison of PPO, TD3, and sAC Reinforcement Learning Algorithms for Quadruped Walking Gait Generation

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Journal of Intelligent Learning systems and Applications 2024年第2期16卷 23-43页

作者： james W. Mock suresh s. Muknahallipatna Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer science University of Wyoming Laramie WY USA

The performance of the state-of-the-art Deep Reinforcement algorithms such as Proximal Policy Optimization, Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient, and soft Actor-Critic for generating a quadruped walking gait in a virtual environment was presented in previous research work titled “A Comparison of PPO, TD3, and sAC Reinforcement Algorithms for Quadruped Walking Gait Generation”. We demonstrated that the soft Actor-Critic Reinforcement algorithm had the best performance generating the walking gait for a quadruped in certain instances of sensor configurations in the virtual environment. In this work, we present the performance analysis of the state-of-the-art Deep Reinforcement algorithms above for quadruped walking gait generation in a physical environment. The performance is determined in the physical environment by transfer learning augmented by real-time reinforcement learning for gait generation on a physical quadruped. The performance is analyzed on a quadruped equipped with a range of sensors such as position tracking using a stereo camera, contact sensing of each of the robot legs through force resistive sensors, and proprioceptive information of the robot body and legs using nine inertial measurement units. The performance comparison is presented using the metrics associated with the walking gait: average forward velocity (m/s), average forward velocity variance, average lateral velocity (m/s), average lateral velocity variance, and quaternion root mean square deviation. The strengths and weaknesses of each algorithm for the given task on the physical quadruped are discussed.

关键词： Reinforcement Learning Reality Gap Position Tracking Action spaces Domain Randomization

synthesis of carbon nitride in potassium hydroxide molten salt for efficient uranium extraction from radioactive wastewater

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Frontiers of Environmental science & Engineering 2024年第8期18卷 89-99页

作者： shuang Liu Junhan Luo Daniel-james Maguire Liyuan Zheng Zhe Wang Yuexiang Lu Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Nuclear Research Institute for Future Technology and Policy Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Earth sciences University of CambridgeCambridge CB23EQUK The MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental system Optimization College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China

Photocatalysis-assisted removal of uranium has been proven as an effective method for the elimination of radioactive pollution from *** this work,carbon nitride materials were synthesized in potassium hydroxide(KOH)molten salt and applied to photocatalytic uranyl *** materials were confirmed to possess the triazine-s-heptazine structure by NMR,XPs and UV-Vis characterization,and exhibited a wider visible light absorption than graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4)).The photocatalytic activity of the carbon nitride materials was tailored by varying the precursor mass *** carbon nitride obtained at 80%melamine as precursor(K-CN-80)exhibited the highest photocatalytic extraction ability and its photocatalytic reaction rate is 6.6 times faster than that of g-C_(3)N_(4).The influence of sacrificial agents was studied and the results showed that triethanolamine inhibited U(Ⅵ)photoreduction,but methanol can accelerate U(Ⅵ)photoreduction by consuming photogenerated *** unary KOH molten salt synthesis method has exceptional potential applications in the preparation of carbon nitrides,and the obtained products showed potential in extracting U(Ⅵ)from aqueous solutions for use in nuclear fuel industry and for U(Ⅵ)environmental pollution cleanup.

关键词： Uranium Carbon nitride Molten salt Photocatalysis Radioactive wastewater

The Making of a Health Profession:How Chinese Medicine Became a Nationally Registered Allied Health Profession in Australia

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Chinese Medicine and Culture 2024年第1期7卷 51-62页

作者： John L McDonald Judy B james school of Chinese Medicine Endeavour College of Natural HealthSouthport 4215Australia Acupuncture Now Australia Brisbane 4120Australia

In 2012, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) practitioners in Australia became nationally-registered allied health professionals in three categories: acupuncturist, Chinese herbal medicine practitioner, and Chinese herbal medicine dispenser. Australia was the first Western country to introduce national registration for Chinese medicine, followed by Portugal and, recently, New Zealand. The practice of TCM in Australia can be traced back to the beginning of Chinese immigration to Australia during the Victorian Gold Rush which began in the 1850s. The process which led to national registration commenced in the early 1970s with the establishment of the first acupuncture courses. Decades of gradual development of courses from unaccredited part-time diplomas to accredited bachelor degrees, and the development, by the profession, of national consensus on educational standards were essential elements in the process which led to registration. Professional associations, such as the Australian Acupuncture and Chinese Medicine Association Ltd.(AACMA), also developed a framework of professional selfregulation, including Codes of Ethics, Codes of Conduct, ongoing professional development requirements and Infection Control Guidelines, and provided leadership in the development of the profession. After decades of tribalism and division within the TCM profession, the National Academic standards Committee brought almost all stakeholders together to reach a consensus on the Australian Guidelines for Traditional Chinese Medicine Education which were published by AACMA in 2001. Professional associations also collaborated on joint submissions to the government in support of registration, which was introduced first in the state of Victoria in 2000, and subsequently became national in 2012. Despite national registration, some barriers still remain, and professional associations continue to lobby the federal government for inclusion in Medicare, chronic disease management scheme, and Veterans

关键词： Acupuncture Chinese medicine Registration Regulation Education standards Australia TCM