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An uneasy alliance:a nesting association between aggressive ants and equally fierce social wasps

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Insect Science 2020年第1期27卷 122-132页

作者： Pablo Servigne Jerome Orivel Frederic Azemar james carpenter Alain Dejean Bruno Corbara Ecologie Sociale CP 231 Universite Libre de Bruxelles(ULB)Campus PlaineBoulevard du TriompheBrusselsBelgium CNrS UMR EcoFoGAgroParisTechCiradINRAUniversite des AntillesUniversite de GuyaneKourouFrance EcoLabf CNrS INPTUPSUniversite de ToulouseToulouseFrance Division of Invertebrate Zoology American Museum of Natural HistoryNew YorkNew YorkUSA CNrS LMGEUniversite Clermont AuvergneClermont-FerrandFrance

Although the Neotropical territorially dominant arboreal ant Azteca chartifex Forel is very aggressive towards any intruder,its populous colonies tolerate the close presence of the fierce polistine wasp Polybia rejecta(F.).In French Guiana,83.33%of the 48 *** nests recorded were found side by side with those of *** nesting association results in mutual protection from predators(i.e.,the wasps protected from army ants;the ants protected from birds).We conducted field studies,laboratorybased behavioral experiments and chemical analyses to elucidate the mechanisms allowing the persistence of this *** to differences in the cuticular profiles of the two species,we eliminated the possibility of chemical ***,analyses of the carton nests did not reveal traces of marking on the *** ant forager flows were not perturbed by extracts from the wasps’Dufour’s and venom glands,we rejected any hypothetical action of repulsive ***,we noted that the wasps"scraped"the surface of the upper part of their nest envelope using their mandibles,likely removing the ants'scent trails,and an experiment showed that ant foragers were perturbed by the removal of their scent *** leads us to use the term"erasure hypothesis."Thus,this nesting association persists thanks to a relative tolerance by the ants towards wasp presence and the behavior of the wasps that allows them to"contain"their associated ants through the elimination of their scent trails,direct attacks,"wing-buzzing"behavior and ejecting the ants.

关键词： Azteca chartifex ants interspecific association mutualism Polybia rejecta wasps scent trail erasure

Predictors of clinical outcomes after non-operative management of symptomatic full-thickness rotator cuff tears

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第4期12卷 223-233页

作者： Christopher Bush Joel J Gagnier james carpenter Asheesh Bedi Bruce Miller Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48106United States

BACKGrOUND Previous studies have shown that non-surgical management can be an effective treatment strategy for many patients with rotator cuff *** the prevalence of rotator cuff disease,few studies have examined the patient and tear related factors that predict outcomes of nonsurgical management in this cohort of *** To identify factors that are associated with changes in patient reported outcomes over time in individuals with full-thickness rotator cuff tears treated without *** A cohort of 59 patients who underwent non-surgical management of full thickness rotator cuff tears with a minimum of 1-year follow-up were identified from our institutional *** demographics,comorbidities and tear characteristics were collected at initial *** measures were collected at baseline and at each clinical follow-up,which included Western Ontario rotator Cuff(WOrC)index,American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score,Visual Analog Scale for pain and Single Assessment Numerical ***-and univariate regression analyses were used to determine the impact of each patient and tear related variable on final WOrC scores and change in WOrC scores throughout the *** In this non-surgical cohort,all patient-reported outcome measures significantly improved compared to baseline at 1 and 2-year *** was no significant difference in outcomes between 1 and 2 *** average improvement surpassed the published minimal clinically important differences values for WOrC,American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons,Visual Analog Scale pain and Single Assessment Numerical Evaluation *** analysis identified female gender(β=-19.88,P=0.003),smoking(β=-29.98,P=0.014)and significant subscapularis fatty infiltration(β=-15.35,P=0.024)as predictors of less favorable WOrC scores at 1 year,and female gender(β=-19.09,P=0.015)alone as a predictor of lower WOrC scores at 2 *** with symptom duration greater than 1

关键词： rotator cuff tear Conservative treatment Patient reported outcome measures Shoulder injuries Shoulder pain

Evaluation of utility in shoulder pathology:Correlating the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons and Constant scores to the EuroQoL

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2012年第3期3卷 20-24页

作者： Blaine T Bafus richard E Hughes Bruce S Miller james E carpenter Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland OH 44115-2325 United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109-2200 United States

AIM: To study whether health utility scores can be derived from shoulder-specific ***: Authors investigated two questions:(1) do the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons(ASES) score and the Constant score correlate with the EuroQo L(EQ-5D), a measure of health utility?(2) can the ASES and Constant scores be obtained from a complete study sample without bias? Thirty subjects with various shoulder diagnoses completed ASES, Constant, and EQ-5D instruments. Pearson correlations were calculated to assess the associations between EQ-5D score and ASES and Constant ***: The correlation between EQ-5D score and ASES score was 0.60(P r EQ-5D and Constant scores(P regression model containing ASES score, Constant score, age, and gender failed to adequately predict EQ-5D. Moreover, 25% of patients meeting the inclusion criteria did not complete the ASES questionnaire because they did not feel that specific questions, such as "do usual sport-list" and "throw ball overhand," applied to ***: Authors' results do not support the use of the ASES and Constant scores in predicting EuroQ ol health utility values. However, the Constant score was more suitable for this patient population because all patients were able to complete it.

关键词： Utility EuroQoL American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score Constant score Shoulder Outcomes

Whitefly feeding behavior and retention of a foregut-borne crinivirus exposed to artificial diets with different pH values

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Insect Science 2017年第6期24卷 1079-1091页

作者： Jaclyn S. Zhou Angel Y. S. Chen Martin Drucker Nicole H. Lopez Alyssa carpenter james C. K. Ng Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology and Center for Disease Vector Research University of California Riverside California USA INrA UMR BGPI Plant Pathogen Interactions Montpellier Cedex 5 France Barry University Miami Florida USA East Stroudsburg University E. Stroudsburg Pennsylvania USA

Transmission of plant viruses by phytophagous hemipteran insects encompasses complex interactions underlying a continuum of processes involved in virus acquisition, retention and inoculation combined with vector feeding behavior. Here, we investigated the effects of dietary pH on whitefly （Bemisia tabaci） feeding behavior and release of Lettuce infectious yellows virus （LIYV） virions retained in the vector＇s foregut. Electrical penetration graph analysis revealed that variables associated with whitefly probing and ingestion did not differ significantly in pH （4, 7.4, and 9） adjusted artificial diets. To investigate virus retention and release, whiteflies allowed to acquire LIYV virions in a pH 7.4 artificial diet were fed pH 4, 7.4, or 9 virion-free artificial （clearing） diets. Immunofluorescent localization analyses indicated that virions remained bound to the foreguts of approximately 20%-24% of vectors after they fed on each of the 3 pH- adjusted clearing diets. When rNA preparations from the clearing diets were analyzed by reverse transcription （rT） nested-PCr and, in some cases, real-time qPCr, successful amplification of LIYV-specific sequence was infrequent but consistently repeatable for the pH 7.4 diet but never observed for the pH 4 and 9 diets, suggesting a weak pH-dependent effect for virion release. Viruliferous vectors that fed on each of the 3 pH-adjusted clearing diets transmitted LIYV to virus-free plants. These results suggest that changes in pH values alone in artificial diet do not result in observable changes in whitefly feeding behaviors, an observation that marks a first in the feeding of artificial diet by whitefly vectors; and that there is a potential causal and contingent relationship between the pH in artificial diet and the release/inoculation of foregut bound virions.

关键词： Crinivirus dietary pH inoculation noncirculative semipersistent transmission retention whitefly

Influence of brown stink bug feeding, planting date and sampling time on common smut infection of maize

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Insect Science 2014年第5期21卷 564-571页

作者： Xinzhi Ni Michael D. Toews G. David Buntin james E. carpenter Alisa Huffaker Eric A. Schmelz Ted E. Cottrell Zaid Abdo USDA-ArS Crop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit Tifton GA 31793 Department of Entomology University of Georgia TiftonGA 31793-5766 Department of Entomology University of Georgia Griffin GA 30223 USDA-ArS Crop Protection and Management Research Unit Tifton GA 31793 USDA-ArS Center for Medical Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology Gainesville FL 32608 USDA-ArS Southeast Fru# and Tree Nut Research Laboratory Byron GA 31008 USDA-ArS South Atlantic Area Office 950 College Station Road Athens GA 30605 USA

Phytopathogen infections are frequently influenced by both biotic and abiotic factors in a crop field. The effect of brown stink bug, Euschistus servus （Hemiptera： Pentatomidae）, feeding and planting date and sampling time on common smut （Ustilago maydis） infection percentage of maize plants was examined in 2005 and 2006, and 2010 and 2011, respectively. Brown stink bug adult feeding on maize hybrid ＂DKC6971＂ at flowering in 2005 and 2006 did not influence smut infection percentage when examined using 3 treatments （i.e., 0 adult, 5 adults, and 5 adults mixed with the smut spores）. The smut infection percentages were 〈 3% （n =12） in the 3 treatments. The smut infection percentage among the 4 weekly samplings was the same, so was natural aflatoxin contamination at harvest among the treatments. The 2nd experiment showed that planting date did not affect the smut infection percentage in either 2010 or 2011. But, the smut infection percentage from the postflowering sampling was greater than preflowering sampling in both years. The smut infection percentage varied among the germplasm lines in 2010, but not in 2011. This study demonstrated that brown stink bug feeding at flowering had no effect on smut infection in maize, and the best time for smut evaluation would be after flowering. The temperature and precipitation might have also influenced the percentage of smut-infected maize plants during the 4 years when the experiments were conducted. The similarity between kernel-colonizing U. maydis and Aspergillus flavus infections and genotype × environment interaction were also discussed.

关键词： common smut Euschistus servus planting date Ustilago maydis

Temporal bone anatomy characteristics in superior semicircular canal dehiscence

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Journal of Otology 2017年第4期12卷 185-191页

作者： Marrigje A. de Jong David J. carpenter David M. Kaylie Erin G. Piker Dennis O. Frank-Ito Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital Jerusalem Israel Division of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences Duke University Medical Center Durham NC USA Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders James Madison University Harrisonburg VA USA Computational Biology & Bioinformatics Duke University Durham NC USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University Durham NC USA

Introduction: Superior semicircular canal dehiscence(SCD) remains difficult to diagnose despite advances in high-resolution computed tomography(HrCT) imaging. We hypothesize possible associations between gross temporal bone anatomy and sub-millimeter pathology of the semicircular canals, which may supplement imaging and clinical suspicion. This pilot study investigates differences in gross temporal bone anatomic parameters between temporal bones with and without ***: records were reviewed for 18 patients referred to an otology clinic complaining of dizziness with normal caloric stimulation results indicative of non-vestibular findings. Eleven patients had normal temporal bone anatomy while seven had SCD. Three-dimensional reconstruction of every patient's temporal bone anatomy was created from patient-specific computational tomography images. Surface area(SA),volume(V), and SA to V ratios(SA:V) were computed across temporal bone anatomical ***: SCD temporal bones have significantly smaller V, and larger temporal bone SA. Mean(±SD) V was 21,484 ± 3,921 mm^3 in temporal bones without SCD and 16,343 ± 34,471 mm^3 for those with SCD. Their respective SA were 13,733 ± 1,603 mm^2 and 18,073 ± 3,002 mm^*** bone airspaces and lateral semicircular canals did not demonstrate significant differences where SCD was and was not present. Plots of MV_(warm)response against computed SCD temporal bone anatomic parameters(SA, V and SA:V) showed moderate to strong correlations:temporal bone SA:V(r= 0.64), temporal bone airspace V(r= 0.60), temporal bone airspace SA(r= 0.55), LSCC SA(r= 0.51), and LSCC-toTM Distance(r= 0.65).Conclusions: This analysis demonstrated that SCD is associated with decreased temporal bone volume and density. The defect in SCD does not appear to influence caloric responses.

关键词： Temporal bone Anatomy Superior canal dehiscence Superior semicircular canal dehiscence

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纽约第五大街吉姆拉展厅

建筑技艺 2010年第2期16卷 72-77页

作者： james Biber Matthew Clare Michael Zweck Bronner Anders carpenter Dan Maxield 朱晓琳

Pentagram Architect事务所的Lorenzo Apicella设计师为吉姆拉公司设计了一个1200平方米的展厅。展厅位于纽约第五大街和第五十六大街交接的转角处，处于纽约奢侈品销售的中心区域。在吉姆拉总部设在纽约的合伙人jamesBiber的参与下，Ap... 详细信息

Pentagram Architect事务所的Lorenzo Apicella设计师为吉姆拉公司设计了一个1200平方米的展厅。展厅位于纽约第五大街和第五十六大街交接的转角处，处于纽约奢侈品销售的中心区域。在吉姆拉总部设在纽约的合伙人jamesBiber的参与下，Apicella克服了层高较低和面积过大所带来的压抑感和空旷感，塑造了功能复杂的拥有7个品牌的展厅空间和中央大厅空间，其中中央大厅包括接待处、休息室和独立的会议室。

关键词：展厅纽约中央大厅中心区域设计师事务所十六大会议室

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铁基航空合金的新要求

航空科学技术 2004年第6期15卷 43-45页

作者： james M.Dahl carpenter技术公司

进入新世纪,民用与军用飞机合金的选择设计标准发生了巨大变化.过去的设计标准主张追求更高、更快和更远的目标而不计成本,已不适应时代的发展.

关键词：飞机合金材料使用寿命铁基合金起落装置

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急性卒中影像学研究路径图Ⅱ

国际脑血管病杂志 2014年第2期22卷 81-92页

作者： Max Wintermark Gregory W. Albers Joseph P. Broderick Andrew M. Demchuk Jochen B. Fiebach Jens Fiehler james C. Grotta Gary Houser Tudor G. Jovin Kennedy r. Lees Michael H. Lev David S. Liebeskind Marie Luby Keith W. Muir Mark W. Parsons rudiger von Kummer Joanna M. Wardlaw Ona Wu Albert J. Yoo Andrei V. Alexandrov Jeffry r. Alger richard I. Aviv roland Bammer Jean-Claude Baron Fernando Calamante Bruce C.V. Campbell Trevor C. carpenter Sφren Christensen William A. Copen Colin P. Derdeyn E. Clarke Haley Jr Pooja Khatri Kohsuke Kudo Maarten G. Lansberg Lawrence L. Latour Ting-Yim Lee richard Leigh Weili Lin Patrick Lyden Grant Mair Bijoy IC Menon Patrik Michel robert Mikulik raul G. Nogueira Left φstergaard Salvador Pedraza Christian H. riedel Howard A. rowley Pina C. Sanelli Makoto Sasaki Jeffrey L. Saver Pamela W. Schaefer Peter D. Schellinger Georgios Tsivgoulis Lawrence r. Wechsler Philip M. White Greg Zaharchuk Osama O. Zaidat Stephen M. Davis Geoffrey A. Donnan Anthony J. Furlan Werner Hacke Dong-Wha Kang Chelsea Kidw ell Vincent N. Thijs Gotz Thomalla Steven J. Warach 严晓铭刘牧张晶晶柯开富不详南通大学附属医院神经内科 226001

卒中影像学研究组（StrokeImagingresearchGroup，STIr）、美国神经放射学学会和美国神经放射学学会基金会在过去1年多的时间时举办了一系列的工作会议，最后一次会议于2013年3月9日至10日在华盛顿召开的卒中治疗专业学术圆桌会议（Stro... 详细信息

卒中影像学研究组（StrokeImagingresearchGroup，STIr）、美国神经放射学学会和美国神经放射学学会基金会在过去1年多的时间时举办了一系列的工作会议，最后一次会议于2013年3月9日至10日在华盛顿召开的卒中治疗专业学术圆桌会议（Stroke Treatment Academy Industry roundtable，STAIr）期间举行。

关键词：急性卒中影像学神经放射学路径会议基金会学会美国