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Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina Hromada patrick Heimel Markus Kerbl LászlóGál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Schaedl james Ferguson Nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes C.Heinzel Antal Nógrádi Andreas H.Teuschl-Woller David Hercher Department Life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University Clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNGCs). However, the use of tNGCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNGC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNGCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNGCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNGCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNGCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNGCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNGCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNGCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

Human endogenous retrovirus type-W and multiple sclerosis–related smoldering neuroinflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 813-814页

作者： Joel Gruchot Laura Reiche Andrew Chan Robert Hoepner patrick Küry Department of Neurology Medical Faculty and University Hospital DüsseldorfHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Department of Neurology InselspitalBern University Hospital and University of BernBernSwitzerland

Introduction to human endogenous retrovirus type-W(HERV-W): Genomic inheritance from the past includes retroviral sequences that have been stably incorporated into our genomes and account for up to 8% of human DNA.

关键词： endogenous inflammation Human

Lean and interpretable digital twins for building energy monitoring - A case study with smart thermostatic radiator valves and gas absorption heat pumps

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Energy and AI 2023年第4期14卷 645-659页

作者： Massimiliano Manfren patrick AB james Victoria Aragon Lamberto Tronchin Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences University of SouthamptonBoldrewood Campus–SO167QF SouthamptonUnited Kingdom Department of Architecture(DA) University of BolognaVia Cavalcavia 6147521 CesenaItaly

The transition to low carbon energy systems poses challenges in terms of energy *** building refur-bishment projects,efficient technologies such as smart controls and heat pumps are increasingly being used as a substitute for conventional technologies with the aim of reducing carbon emissions and determining operational energy and cost savings,together with other *** building performance,however,often reveals a significant gap between the predicted energy use(design stage)and actual energy use(operation stage).For this reason,lean and interpretable digital twins are needed for building energy monitoring aimed at persistence of savings and continuous performance *** this research,interpretable regression models are built with data at multiple temporal resolutions(monthly,daily and hourly)and seamlessly integrated with the goal of verifying the performance improvements due to Smart thermostatic radiator valves(TRVs)and gas absorption heat pumps(GAHPs)as well as giving insights on the performance of the building as a ***,as part of modelling research,time of week and temperature(TOWT)approach is reformulated and benchmarked against its original *** case study chosen is Hale Court sheltered housing,located in the city of Portsmouth(UK).This building has been used for the field-testing of innovative technologies such as TRVs and GAHPs within the EU Horizon 2020 project *** results obtained are used to illustrate possible extensions of the use of energy signature modelling,highlighting implications for energy management and innovative building technologies development.

关键词： Data-driven methods Digital twins Energy signature Thermostatic radiator valves Gas absorption heat pumps Energy management Energy Analytics

Age structure in neutral theory resolves inconsistencies related to reproductive-size threshold

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2012年第1期5卷 64-71页

作者： james Rosindell patrick A.Jansen Rampal S.Etienne Institute of Integrative and Comparative Biology Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeeds LS29JTWest YorkshireUK Institute of Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies University of IdahoMoscowID 83844USA Center for Tropical Forest Science Smithsonian Tropical Research InstitutePO Box 0843-03092BalboaAnconRepublic of Panama Centre of Ecosystem Studies Wageningen UniversityPO Box 476700 AA Wageningenthe Netherlands Community and Conservation Ecology Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary StudiesUniversity of GroningenPO Box 111039700 CC Groningenthe Netherlands

Aims Neutral theory consists of a suite of models that assume ecological equivalence among individual *** have been most commonly applied to tropical forest tree communities either as null models or as *** models typically only include reproductive adults;therefore,fitting to empirical tree community data requires defining a reproductive-size threshold,which for trees is usually set arbitrarily to a diameter at breast height(DBH)of 100 *** inevitable exclusion of some reproductive adults and inclusion of some saplings cause a non-random sampling bias in neutral model ***,we investigate this problem and resolve it by introducing simple age structure into a neutral *** We compared the performance and sensitivity of DBH threshold of three variants of a spatially explicit neutral model:the traditional model,a model incorporating random sampling and a model with two distinct age classes—reproductive adults and *** the age-structured model,saplings are offspring from adults that disperse according to a Gaussian dispersal kernel around the *** only extra parameter is the ratio of adults to saplings,which is not a free parameter but directly *** used species–area relationships(SARs)to explore the predicted effect of saplings on the species richness at different scales in our *** then evaluated the three model variations to find the parameters required to maintain the observed level of species richness in the 50-ha plot on Barro Colorado Island(BCI).We repeated our analysis filtering the data at different minimum tree-size thresholds in order to find the effect this threshold has on our ***,we used empirical species–individual relationships(SIRs)to test the pre-existing hypothesis that environmental filtering is the primary cause of differences between the assemblage of saplings and that of adults on *** Findings Our age-structured neutral model was characterized by SARs that

关键词： neutral theory age structure sampling DBH

Large-scale forest inventories of the United States and China reveal positive effects of biodiversity on productivity

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Forest Ecosystems 2015年第4期2卷 272-287页

作者： james V Watson Jingjing Liang patrick C Tobin Xiangdong Lei james S Rentch Catherine E Artis Davis College of Agriculture Natural Resources and DesignWest Virginia University Forest Service U.S.Department of AgricultureNorthern Research Station School of Environmental and Forest Sciences University of Washington Research Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques Chinese Academy of Forestry

Background： With the loss of species worldwide due to anthropogenic factors, especially in forested ecosystems, it has become more urgent than ever to understand the biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationship （BEFR）. BEFR research in forested ecosystems is very limited and thus studies that incorporate greater geographic coverage and structural complexity are needed. Methods： We compiled ground-measured data from approx, one half million forest inventory sample plots across the contiguous United States, Alaska, and northeastern China to map tree species richness, forest stocking, and productivity at a continental scale. Based on these data, we investigated the relationship between forest productivity and tree species diversity, using a multiple regression analysis and a non-parametric approach to account for spatial autocorrelation. Results： In general, forests in the eastern United States consisted of more tree species than any other regions in the country. The highest forest stocking values over the entire study area were concentrated in the western United States and Central Appalachia. Overall, 96.4 % of sample plots （477,281） showed a significant positive effect of species richness on site productivity, and only 3.6 % （17,349） had an insignificant or negative effect. Conclusions： The large number of ground-measured plots, as well as the magnitude of geographic scale, rendered overwhelming evidence in support of a positive BEFR. This empirical evidence provides insights to forest management and biological conservation across different types of forested ecosystems. Forest timber productivity may be impaired by the loss of species in forests, and biological conservation, due to its potential benefits on maintaining species richness and productivity, can have profound impacts on the functioning and services of forested ecosystems.

关键词： Tree species diversity Forest management Biological conservation Continental map of forest diversity Spatial autocorrelation Bootstrap

Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma associated with hepatitis C genotype 3 infection:A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1596-1612页

作者： Hamzah Z Farooq Michael james Jane Abbott patrick Oyibo Pip Divall Naheed Choudhry Graham R Foster Blizard Institute Queen Mary University of LondonLondon E12ATUnited Kingdom School of Health and Psychological Sciences University of LondonLondon EC1V 0HBUnited Kingdom University Hospitals of Leicester Library University Hospitals of Leicester NHS TrustLeicester LE39QPUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus(HCV)is a blood-borne virus which globally affects around 79 million people and is associated with high morbidity and *** infection leads to cirrhosis in a large proportion of patients and often causes hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in people with *** the 6 HCV genotypes(G1-G6),genotype-3 accounts for 17.9%of *** genotype-3 responds least well to directly-acting antivirals and patients with genotype-3 infection are at increased risk of HCC even if they do not have *** To systematically review and critically appraise all risk factors for HCC secondary to HCV-G3 in all ***,we studied possible risk factors for HCC due to HCV-G3 in the literature from 1946 to *** This systematic review aimed to synthesise existing and published studies of risk factors for HCC secondary to HCV genotype-3 and evaluate their strengths and *** searched Web of Science,Medline,EMBASE,and CENTRAL for publications reporting risk factors for HCC due to HCV genotype-3 in all settings,*** Four thousand one hundred and forty-four records were identified from the four databases with 260 records removed as *** thousand eight hundred and eighty-four records were screened with 3514 *** hundred and seventy-one full-texts were assessed for eligibility with seven studies included for *** the seven studies,three studies were retrospective case-control trials,two retrospective cohort studies,one a prospective cohort study and one a cross-sectional study *** were based in hospital settings with four in Pakistan,two in South Korea and one in the United *** total number of participants were 9621 of which 167 developed HCC(1.7%).All seven studies found cirrhosis to be a risk factor for HCC secondary to HCV genotype-3 followed by higher age(five-studies),with two studies each showing male sex,high alpha feto-protein,directly-acting antivirals trea

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatitis C Genotype 3 Systematic review Blood-borne viruses Liver cancer

Environmental and energy requirements for different production biomass of Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)in recirculating aquaculture systems(RAS)in Kenya

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2021年第6期6卷 593-600页

作者： Daniel Mwendwa Wambua patrick G.Home james M.Raude Stephen Ondimu Department of Soil Water and Environmental EngineeringJomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and TechnologyP.O.BOX 62000-00200NairobiKenya Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and TechnologyP.O.BOX 62000-00200NairobiKenya

Recirculating Aquaculture Systems(RAS)offers a better option to increase aquaculture production with limited land and water resources while minimizing water *** biggest challenges in RAS is to maintain favorable water quality for the fish to *** practice of RAS in Kenya is minimal with the improper matching of RAS components and production densities for the existing few and in most cases,leading to a system *** study aimed at evaluating environmental and energy requirements for different production biomass of Nile tilapia in a RAS established in a controlled *** production densities and water flow rates were varied while at the same time,the water quality parameters(dissolved oxygen,ammonia,pH,electrical conductivity and temperature)were *** energy consumed for pumping and aeration was also *** stocking biomass varied from 2.3 kg/m^(3) to 10 kg/m^(3) while flow rate was varied from 2.0 L/min and increased at intervals of 1.0 L/min to the maximum attainable flow rate of 10.0 L/*** pumice rock packed in a 1000 L tank and equipped with a bell siphon was used as the *** removal reduced with increasing flow rate with removal rates of 75%at 2.0-3.0 L/min to 9%at 8.0-10.0 L/*** water pH increased with increasing flow rate with R^(2) ranging from 0.4 to *** conductivity increased with flow rate from 112 mg/L to as high as 209 mg/*** oxygen increased with flow rate and ranged from 1.0 mg/L to 7.0 mg/*** consumption increased with flow rate and raged from 0.4 kW h at 2.3 kg/m^(3) stocking biomass to 2.4 kW h at 10 kg/m^(3)stocking *** stocking densities and flow rates resulted to lower purification efficiencies and higher power consumptions than low stocking densities and flow *** order to maintain good RAS water quality,increased production and profits among farmers using RAS in Kenya,there is need to give proper advice on the right combination of st

关键词： Biofilter Flow rate Purification efficiency Stocking biomass Water quality

Allergic dermatitis after knee arthroscopy with repeated exposure to Dermabond Prineo^(TM) in pediatric patients:Two case reports

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第11期12卷 931-937页

作者： james Robinson Kevin P Smidt Garrett Houk Janay McKie R Shane Barton patrick Massey Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Louisiana State UniversityShreveportLA 71103United States School of Medicine Louisiana State UniversityShreveportLA 71103United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Shriners Hospital for ChildrenShreveportLA 71103United States

BACKGROUND Allergic contact dermatitis(ACD)secondary to Dermabond Prineo^(TM) is rare,but *** our knowledge,there are no described reports of this ACD reaction within the pediatric population following arthroscopic *** SUMMARY We report two cases of pediatric ACD upon second exposure to Dermabond Prineo^(TM) after knee *** cases presented within two weeks of the inciting second *** cases resolved with differing described combinations of sterile cleaning,diphenhydramine,and antibiotic *** long-term sequelae were *** This case report elucidates the rare complication of allergic dermatitis secondary to Dermabond Prineo^(TM) repeat exposure use in pediatric arthroscopy.

关键词： Dermabond Prineo Arthroscopy Sports medicine Contact dermatitis Case report

Analysis of the in vitro degradation and the in vivo tissue response to bi-layered 3D-printed scaffolds combining PLA and biphasic PLA/bioglass components--Guidance of the inflammatory response as basis for osteochondral regeneration

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Bioactive Materials 2017年第4期2卷 208-223页

作者： Mike Barbeck Tiziano Serra patrick Booms Sanja Stojanovic Stevo Najman Elisabeth Engel Robert Sader Charles james Kirkpatrick Melba Navarro Shahram Ghanaati Private Office BerlinGermany Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia(IBEC) Biomaterials for Regenerative MedicineBarcelonaSpain Clinic of Oro-Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery FORM-LabGoethe University FrankfurtFrankfurtGermany University of Ni's Faculty of MedicineDepartment for Cell and Tissue EngineeringInstitute of Biology and Human GeneticsNi'sSerbia Technical University of Catalonia(UPC) Dpt.Materials Science and MetallurgySpain CIBER en Bioingenieria Biomateriales y Nanomedicina(CIBER-BBN)Spain

The aim of the present study was the in vitro and in vivo analysis of a bi-layered 3D-printed scaffold combining a PLA layer and a biphasic PLA/bioglass G5 layer for regeneration of osteochondral defects in vivo Focus of the in vitro analysis was on the(molecular)weight loss and the morphological and mechanical variations after immersion in *** in vivo study focused on analysis of the tissue reactions and differences in the implant bed vascularization using an established subcutaneous implantation model in CD-1 mice and established histological and histomorphometrical *** scaffold parts kept their structural integrity,while changes in morphology were observed,especially for the PLA/G5 *** properties decreased with progressive degradation,while the PLA/G5 scaffolds presented higher compressive modulus than PLA *** tissue reaction to PLA included low numbers of BMGCs and minimal vascularization of its implant beds,while the addition of G5 lead to higher numbers of BMGCs and a higher implant bed *** revealed that the use of a bi-layered scaffold shows the ability to observe distinct in vivo response despite the physical proximity of PLA and PLA/G5 ***,the results showed that the addition of G5 enables to reduce scaffold weight loss and to increase mechanical ***,the addition of G5 lead to a higher vascularization of the implant bed required as basis for bone tissue regeneration mediated by higher numbers of BMGCs,while within the PLA parts a significantly lower vascularization was found optimally for chondral ***,this data show that the analyzed bi-layered scaffold may serve as an ideal basis for the regeneration of osteochondral tissue ***,the results show that it might be able to reduce the number of experimental animals required as it may be possible to analyze the tissue response to more than one implant in one experimental animal.

关键词： Bioactive glass Polylactic acid(PLA) Bi-layer scaffold Multinucleated giant cells Bone substitute Vascularization Calcium phosphate glass