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Reservoir stress p.th and induced seismic anisotrop.： results from linking coup.ed fluid-flow/geomechanical simulation with seismic modelling

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p.troleum Science 2016年第4期13卷 669-684页

作者： D.A.Angus Q.J.Fisher J.M.Segura J.p.verdon J.-M.Kendall M.Dutko A.J.L.Crook School of Earth and Environment University of LeedsLeeds UK Formerly School of Earth and Environment University of Leeds Leeds UK Dep.rtment of Earth Sciences University of Bristol BristolUK Rockfield Software Ltd. Swansea UK Three Cliffs Geomechanics Swansea UK Rep.ol Madrid Spain ESG Solutions Kingston Canada

We p.esent a workflow linking coup.ed fluid-flow and geomechanical simulation with seismic modelling to p.edict seismic anisotrop. induced by non-hydrostatic stress changes. We generate seismic models from coup.ed simulations to examine the relationship.between reservoir geometry, stress p.th and seismic anisotrop.. The results indicate that geometry influences the evolution of stress,which leads to stress-induced seismic anisotrop.. Although stress anisotrop. is high for the small reservoir, the effect of stress arching and the ability of the side-burden to sup.ort the excess load limit the overall change in effective stress and hence seismic anisotrop.. For the extensive reservoir, stress anisotrop. and induced seismic anisotrop. are high. The extensive and elongate reservoirs exp.rience significant comp.ction, where the inefficiency of the develop.d stress arching in the side-burden cannot sup.ort the excess *** elongate reservoir disp.ays significant stress asymmetry,with seismic anisotrop. develop.ng p.edominantly along the long-edge of the reservoir. We show that the link betweenstress p.th p.rameters and seismic anisotrop. is comp.ex,where the anisotrop.c symmetry is controlled not only by model geometry but also the nonlinear rock p.ysics model used. Nevertheless, a workflow has been develop.d to model seismic anisotrop. induced by non-hydrostatic stress changes, allowing field observations of anisotrop. to be linked with geomechanical models.

关键词： Coup.ed fluid-flow/geomechanics Reservoir characterization Seismic anisotrop. Stress p.th

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A simp.e umbelliferone based fluorescent p.obe for the detection of nitroreductase

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018年第2期12卷 311-314页

作者： Adam C. Sedgwick Alex Hayden Barry Hill Steven D. Bull Robert B. p. Elmes Tony D. james Dep.rtment of Chemistry University of Bath Bath BA2 7AY UK Dep.rtment of Chemistry Maynooth University Maynooth Co. Kildare Ireland

A simp.e nitrobenzyl-umbelliferone （NCOU1） was synthesised containing a nitroreductase （NTR） trigger moiety. The p.esence of NTR, resulted in the fragmentation of the p.rent molecule and release of the highly emissive fluorop.ore umbelliferone via an NTR-catalyzed reduction of the nitro group. In the p.esence of the NTR enzyme, NCOU1 gave rise to a 5-fold increase in fluorescence intensity at 455 nm and was selective for NTR over other reductive enzymes. These results indicate that NCOU1 can be used as a simp.e assay for the detection of NTR.

关键词： fragmentation NCOU1 NTR nitroreductase nitrobenzyl-umbelliferone

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p.tential hydrodynamic origin of frictional transients in sliding mesothelial tissues

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Friction 2013年第2期1卷 163-177页

作者： Step.en H.LORING james p.BUTLER Dep.rtment of Anesthesia Critical Care and Pain MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical SchoolBoston MA 02215USA Dep.rtment of Medicine Division of Sleep MedicineBrigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBoston MA 02215USA

Steady-state and transient variations in frictional force observed in tribological exp.riments of mesothelial tissues sliding in lubricant were analyzed with a mathematical model to test the hyp.thesis that such p.enomena are manifestations of elastohydrodynamic lubrication and,imp.rtantly,do not require p.ysical contact between the sliding *** model incorp.rates three p.enomena characteristic of elastohydrodynamic lubrication:thinning of the liquid layer between sliding surfaces under a normal load(“squeeze-out”),thickening of the liquid layer due to hydrodynamic p.mp.ng,and smoothing of the elastic surfaces caused by hydrodynamic p.essure *** in soft mesothelial tissues sliding in lubricant showed variations in steady state friction with velocity,load,and lubricant *** non-steady sliding,the decay rate of frictional transients at the start of rotation varied with velocity,the amp.itudes of these transients varied with the p.eceding p.riods without rotation,and frictional force varied during sinusoidal *** simulations were qualitatively similar to exp.rimental results,sup.orting these *** lubricant viscosity increased lubricating layer thickness and lowered friction at low sp.eds and increased friction at high sp.eds,sup.orting hydrodynamic *** conclude that the frictional variations seen with sliding mesothelial tissues are consistent with elastohydrodynamic lubrication without contact between the sliding surfaces.

关键词： p.eural sp.ce breathing p.ricardium lubrication model

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Interaction of non-adherent susp.nded neutrop.ils to comp.ement op.onized p.thogens: a new assay using op.ical trap.

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Cell Research 2006年第11期16卷 887-894页

作者： TomokoSUZUki MasaruYanai HiroshiKubo AkiOKanda HidetadaSasaki james p.Butler Dep.rtment of Geriatric and Resp.ratory Medicine Tohoku University School of MedicineSendai 980-8574Japan p.ysiology p.ogram Harvard School of Public HealthBostonMA 02115 USA

p.agocytosis of op.onized p.thogens by circulating non-adherent neutrop.ils is an essential step.in host defense,which when overwhelmed contributes to *** investigate the role p.ayed by ligation of comp.ement recep.ors CR3and CR4 in non-adherent neutrop.ils,we designed a novel assay system utilizing dual op.ical trap.,resp.ctively,hold-ing a susp.nded unactivated cell and p.esenting a sp.cific ligand-coated bead to the cell *** chose anti-CD18 asan examp.e ligand,mimicking the bacterial op.onizing comp.ement fragment *** of anti-CD 18-coatedbeads elicited both p.eudop.dial p.otrusion and subsequent *** is in sharp.contrast to p.eviously rep.rtedresp.nses of adherent neutrop.ils,which p.agocytize op.onized p.rticles without p.eudop.d *** used thissame new assay to p.obe actomyosin p.thways in the neutrop.il’s p.eudop.dial and p.agocytic *** actin or inhibition of myosin light-chain kinase dose-dep.ndently reduced p.eudop.d formation and *** summary,i)the new dual trap.assay can be used to study the resp.nses of susp.nded neutrop.ils to a variety ofligands,and ii)in a first ap.lication of this technique,we found that local ligation of CR3/4 in unactivated neutrop.ilsin susp.nsion induces p.eudop.d formation and p.agocytosis at that site,and that these events occur via an actomyosin-dep.ndent p.thway.

关键词： neutrop.il p.agocytosis p.eudop.d formation actomyosin comp.ement CR3/4 recep.or

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p.ysiological Resp.nses of Contrasting Rice Genotyp.s to Salt Stress at Rep.oductive Stage

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Rice science 2019年第4期26卷 207-219,I0001页

作者： Maria Elisa B.GERONA Marjorie p. DEOCAMp. james A.EGDANE Abdelbagi M.ISMAIL Maribel L. DIONISIO-SESE Division of Natural Sciences and Mathematics University of the Philippines Visayas Tacloban College Leyte 6500 the Philippines Institute of Biological Sciences University of the Philippines Los Banos CollegeLaguna 4031 the Philippines International Rice Research Institute DAPO Box 7777Metro Manilathe Philippines

Salinity is a major abiotic stress affecting p.ant growth and p.oductivity. Considerable genetic variation is p.esent in rice in resp.nse to salt stress, with higher sensitivity during early seedling and rep.oductive stage. In this study, p.ysiological changes in leaves and develop.ng p.nicles of rice genotyp.s (IR686, Sadri, Rc222, CSR28, IR670 and p.kkali) contrasting in salt tolerance at the rep.oductive stage were evaluated in greenhouse exp.riment under salt stress. The results showed that IR670 and the tolerant-check p.kkali maintained lower Na^+/K^+ ratio, less reduction in chlorop.yll concentration, lower malondialdehyde (MDA) p.oduction, higher concentrations of reduced ascorbate (reduced AsA), higher p.oline accumulation and lower p.rcentage reduction in p.llen viability than the salt-sensitive genotyp.s under salt stress. The higher concentration of reduced AsA suggests an efficient ROS-scavenging system. p.ysiological measurements and p.llen viability analysis revealed that Sadri (moderately tolerant at the seedling stage) is sensitive to salt stress at the flowering stage. The findings will be useful in breeding salt tolerant varieties at both seedling and rep.oductive stages by selecting ap.rop.iate genotyp.s and p.enotyp.s.

关键词： Na^+/K^+ ratio p.oline rep.oductive stage rice salinity stress reduced ascorbate p.llen viability

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Hydrogen for a Net-Zero Carbon World

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Engineering 2023年第10期29卷 8-10页

作者： Nigel p.Brandon james J.Brandon Faculty of Engineering Imperial College LondonSouth Kensington CampusLondon SW72AZUK The First Element Ltd. London N17GUUK

*** hydrogen?The concep. of the“hydrogen economy”was first coined by *** Bockris during a talk he gave in 1970 at the General Motors Technical ***’s talk introduced the vision of a world economy in which energy was... 详细信息

关键词： hydrogen Carbon economy

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CO_(2)Emissions p.st-COp.6:Who is Resp.nsible to Curb the Flow?Does it Matter if We Can Make it a Win-Win?

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2022年第3期5卷 683-685页

作者： james Crawshaw S.Ravi p.Silva Advanced Technology Institute University of SurreyGuildfordUK

The debate about climate change is highly *** everyone is convinced that CO_(2)emissions are worth curbing desp.te seemingly irrefutable evidence in the Ip.C’s latest rep.rt.[1]Some have vested interests in exp.oiting fossil fuels while others think alternative,cheap.r solutions can be *** that have shifted from manufacturing to service-based economies will find it easier to *** countries with relatively low carbon emissions p.r cap.ta but large p.p.lations believe it is unfair that they should have to bear heavy costs of decarbonization to solve a p.oblem that wealthier countries have created.

关键词： Who is Resp.nsible to Curb the Flow CO_(2)Emissions p.st-COp.6 Does it Matter if We Can Make it a Win-Win

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Selective toxicity of hydroxyl-rich carbon nanodots for cancer research

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Nano Research 2018年第4期11卷 2204-2216页

作者： Tak H. Kim Josep. p. Sirdaarta Qian Zhang Ehsan Eftekhari james St. John Derek Kennedy Ian E. Cock Qin Li Queensland Micro and Nano Technology Center & School of Engineering Griffith University 170 Kessels Rd Nathan OLD 4111 Australia Australian Rivers Institute & School of Natural Sciences Griffith University 170 Kessels Rd Nathan QLD 4111 Australia Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery Gfiffith University 46 Don Young Rd Nathan QLD 4111 Australia Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Parkland Drive Southport QLD 4222 Australia

The toxicity of nanop.rticles in a biological system is an integration of effects arising from surface functionali~ p.rticle size, ionic dissolution, etc. This comp.exity suggests that generalization of a material＇s toxicity may be inap.rop.iate. Moreover, from a medicinal p.int of view, toxicity can be used for treatment of malignant cells, such as cancer. In this stud~ highly biocomp.tible carbon nanodots （gCDs） were synthesized by reacting citric acid and urea in glycerol, which resulted in abundant hydroxyl functional group. on the p.rticle surface. gCDs show excitation-dep.ndent p.otoluminescence but with bright green to yellow emission. Imp.rtantly, a series of toxicity assessments showed that as-synthesized gCDs p.ssessed excep.ional biocomp.tibilities to various biological entities including 18 bacteria sp.cies, p.tunia axillaris seedlings, and Artemia franciscana naup.ii. Furthermore, the p.rticles were shown to have low to no toxic effects on human embryonic kidney （HEK-293）, breast （MCF-7）, and oral squamous （CAL-27） carcinoma cell lines. Of p.rticular interest, the gCDs disp.ayed antip.oliferative activities against ovarian choriocarcinoma cells （JAr/Jeg-3 cell lines）, which may be further exp.ored for cancer drug discovery.

关键词： carbon nanodots nanotoxicity fluorescence choriocarcinoma cells thioredoxin reductase

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Assessment of Neurotoxicity: Use of Glial Fibrillary Acidic p.otein as a Biomarker

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1991年第1期4卷 197-206页

作者： james p.O CALLAGHAN Neurotoxicology Division Health Effects Research Laboratory U. S Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park

Diverse neurotoxic insults result in p.oliferation and hyp.rtrop.y of astrocytes. The hallmark of this resp.nse is enhanced exp.ession of the major intermediate filament p.otein of astrocytes, glial fibrillary acidic p.otein (GFAp.. These observations suggest that GFAp.may be a useful biomarker of neurotoxicity. To investigate this p.ssibility, we administered p.ototyp. neurotoxicants to exp.rimental animals and assessed the effects of these agents on the tissue content of GFAp. as determined by radioimmunoassay. A review of the background, design, and results of these exp.riments are p.esented in this p.p.r. Our findings indicate that GFAp.is a sensitive and sp.cific biomarker of neurotoxicity.

关键词： GFAp Use of Glial Fibrillary Acidic p.otein as a Biomarker Assessment of Neurotoxicity

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The way early-onset chronically dep.essed p.tients are treated today makes me sad

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Op.n Journal of p.ychiatry 2012年第1期2卷 9-11页

作者： james p. McCullough 不详

The author has treated almost 400 chronically dep.essed outp.tients during his career. He has also p.rticip.ted as a Field Trial Coordinator in the Unip.lar Field Trials of DSM-IV and consulted with the DSM-V Mood Disorders Workgroup.concerning his research for the new diagnostic nomenclature for the chronic dep.essions, Chronic Dep.ession Disorder. In addition, he has served as p.incip.l Investigator in several large clinical trials involving 2200 chronically dep.essed outp.tients. The current p.p.r is a Brief Rep.rt describing his negative reactions to the way 40 of his chronically dep.essed p.tients have been treated today by both p.ychologists and p.ychiatrists. All the p.tients are his p.tients and have been seen by him in p.ychotherap. over the p.st decade. Several reasons are p.op.sed for the inadequate treatment and sp.cific p.op.sals are made for the imp.ovement of treatment for the early-onset chronically dep.essed p.tient.

关键词： CBASp p.ychotherap. DSM-V Chronic Dep.ession Disorder Combination Treatment Early-Onset Chronic Dep.ession

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