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New Partnerships for Co-delivery of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第5期11卷 680-685页

作者： Adrian Bucher Andrew Collins Ben Heaven Taylor David Pan Emma Visman james norris Joel CGill John Rees Mark Felling Marta Tufet Bayona Sonia Cassidy Virginia Murray UK Collaborative on Development Research London NW12BEUK Disaster and Development Network(DDN) Department of Geography and Environmental SciencesNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle-upon-Tyne NE18STUK Evidence Aid AbingdonOxfordshire OX135DBUK Global Health Medical Research Council SwindonSwindon SN21FLUK Department of Geography King's College LondonLondon WC2B 4BGUK VNG Consulting Limited Kent TN248DHUK Ordnance Survey Southampton SO16 OASUK Global Geoscience British Geological SurveyKeyworth NG125GGUK Earth Hazards and Observatories British Geological SurveyNottingham NG123ENUK ALLFED LondonUK Global Disaster Risk Reduction Public Health EnglandLondon SE18UGUK

Partnerships have become a comer stone of contemporary research that recognizes working across disciplines and co-production with intended users as essential to enabling sustainable ***,research that addresses sustainable development challenges brings an urgent need to reflect on the ways that partnerships are supported,and for the disaster risk management and resilience communities,efforts to support realization of the wider 2030 Agenda for sustainable development bring particular *** November 2019,the UK Disasters Research Group(DRG)brought together a number of key stakeholders focused on disaster risk,resilience,and sustainability research relevant to Official DevelopmeAssistance to consider how fit for purpose existing partnership models are for the pace of change required to deliver the priorities of the wider 2030 *** were invited to discuss how research partnerships across three levels(individual and project-based;national and institutional;and international)could be improved based on elements that facilitate robust partnerships and learning from aspects that hinder *** the discussions,participanls emphasized the importance of effective communication mechanisms in building partnerships,co-designing projects,and establishing shared *** approaches to addressing equitable partnerships and funding more substantive timelines will be key to responding to the challenges of the 2030 Agenda.

关键词： 2030 Agenda for sustainable development Disaster risk reduction DRG Inter national development Partnerships Research fun ding

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Dubliners

Dubliners

Mechanism-driven strategies for prevention of rheumatoid arthritis

作者： james Joyce edited by Margot norris.

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Rheumatology & Autoimmunity 2022年第3期2卷 109-119页

作者： V.Michael Holers Kristine A.Kuhn M.Kristen Demoruelle Jill M.norris Gary S.Firestein Eddie A.james William H.Robinson Jane H.Buckner Kevin D.Deane Division of Rheumatology University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraColoradoUSA Department of Epidemiology Colorado School of Public HealthAuroraColoradoUSA Division of Rheumatology Allergy and ImmunologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA Benaroya Research Institute SeattleWashingtonUSA Division of Immunology and Rheumatology Stanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA Department of Medicine Division of RheumatologyVA Palo Alto Health Care SystemPalo AltoCaliforniaUSA

In seropositive rheumatoid arthritis(RA),the onset of clinically apparent inflammatory arthritis(IA)is typically preceded by a prolonged period of autoimmunity manifest by the presence of circulating autoantibodies that can include antibodies to citrullinated protein antigens(ACPA)and rheumatoid *** period before clinical IA can be designated preclinical RA in those individuals who have progressed to a clinical diagnosis of RA,and an“at‐risk”status in those who have not developed IA but exhibit predictive biomarkers of future clinical *** the goal of developing RA prevention strategies,studies have characterized immune phenotypes of preclinical RA/at-risk *** these studies,a model has emerged wherein mucosal inflammation and dysbiosis may lead first to local autoantibody production,which should normally be transient,but instead is followed by a systemic spread of the autoimmunity as manifested by serum autoantibody elevations,ultimately driving the development of clinically identified joint *** model can be envisioned as the progression of disease development through serial“checkpoints”that in principle should constrain or resolve autoimmunity;however,instead,the checkpoints“fail”and clinical RA *** we review the immune processes that are likely to be present at each step and the potential therapeutic strategies that could be envisioned to delay,diminish,halt,or even reverse the progression to clinical ***,these prevention strategies could utilize existing therapies approved for clinical RA,therapies approved for other diseases that target relevant pathways in the preclinical/at-risk state,or approaches that target novel pathways.

关键词： autoimmune disease inflammation mucosa prevention rheumatoid arthritis

蓝源公司的BE-4发动机成功完成第一次点火测试

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国际航空 2017年第11期 30-31页

作者： Irene Klotz james Drew Guy norris

蓝源公司的BE-4液氧／甲烷发动机完成了第一次点火试验，实现了多项关键技术的突破。BE--4的顺利研发，将有助于实现美国总统特朗普提出的“美国制造”战略，可以帮助美国减轻目前在空间发射领域对俄罗斯的依赖。

关键词：发动机一次点火测试美国总统点火试验空间发射俄罗斯

GRADE指南：Ⅷ.证据质量评价--间接性

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中国循证医学杂志 2011年第12期11卷 1452-1458页

作者： Gordon Guyatt Andrew D.Oxman Regina Kunz james Woodcock Jan Brozek Mark Helfand Pablo Alonso-Coello Yngve Falck-Ytter Roman Jaeschke Gunn Vist Elie A.Akl Piet N Post Susan norris Joerg Meerpohl Mona Nasser 代表GRADE工作组李幼平杨晓妍李鸿浩机构不详

直接证据来自直接比较我们关注的干预措施用于我们关注的患者人群,并测量患者重要结局的研究。间接证据可由以下4种方式之一产生。第一,患者可能与我们关注的患者不同(适用性一词常用于这类间接性)。第二,所检验的干预措施可能与我们关... 详细信息

直接证据来自直接比较我们关注的干预措施用于我们关注的患者人群,并测量患者重要结局的研究。间接证据可由以下4种方式之一产生。第一,患者可能与我们关注的患者不同(适用性一词常用于这类间接性)。第二,所检验的干预措施可能与我们关注的干预措施不同。有关患者和干预措施间接性的决策取决于对生物或社会因素差异是否大到可能使效应尺度出现预期的较大差异的考虑。第三,结果可能有别于最初设定的结局指标——如替代结果本身不重要,但测量之是基于替代结果的变化反映患者重要结局变化这一假设。第四类间接性在概念上与前三类不同,发生于临床医生必须在未经直接比较的两种干预措施间做出选择时。这种情况下比较治疗方案需要特定的统计方法,并根据患者人群、联合干预措施、结局测量指标及备选干预措施试验方法的差异程度,将证据级别降低1或2级。

关键词： GRADE 证据质量间接性间接比较适用性外部有效性

GRADE指南：Ⅶ.证据质量评价--不一致性

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中国循证医学杂志 2011年第12期11卷 1444-1451页

作者： Gordon H.Guyatt Andrew D.Oxman Regina Kunz james Woodcock Jan Brozek Mark Helfand Pablo Alonso-Coello Paul Glasziou Roman Jaeschke Elie A.Akl Susan norris Gunn Vist Philipp Dahm Vijay K.Shukla Julian Higgins Yngve Falck-Ytter Holger J.Schünemann 代表GRADE小组李幼平杨晓妍王莉蔡羽嘉陈群飞机构不详

本文针对二分类变量结局指标相对(而非绝对)治疗效果的不一致性。证据本身不会因不同研究结果具有一致性而升级,但可能因不一致而降低质量级别。衡量一致性的标准包括点估计值的相似性、可信区间的重叠程度以及统计学判定标准包括异质... 详细信息

本文针对二分类变量结局指标相对(而非绝对)治疗效果的不一致性。证据本身不会因不同研究结果具有一致性而升级,但可能因不一致而降低质量级别。衡量一致性的标准包括点估计值的相似性、可信区间的重叠程度以及统计学判定标准包括异质性检验和I2。系统评价作者应提出并检验少数几个与患者、干预措施、结局指标以及方法学相关的先验假设以探寻异质性来源。当不一致性很大且无法解释时,因不一致性而降低质量级别是恰当的,特别当某些研究显示有显著益处而其他显示无益甚至有害时(而非仅是疗效大与疗效小的比较)。明显的亚组效应可能不可靠。如果亚组效应满足以下条件,其可信度将会增加:基于少数几个有具体方向的先验假设、亚组比较来自研究内而非研究间、交互检验的P值小、结果有生物学意义。

关键词： GRADE 不一致性异质性变异性亚组分析交互作用

Blood:血管系统变化可能会导致阿兹海默症

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现代生物医学进展 2017年第15期17卷 I0003-I0003页

作者： Zu-Lin Chen Alexey S. Revenko Pradeep Singh A. Robert MacLeod Erin H. norris Sidney Strickland Patricia and John Rosenwald Laboratory of Neurobiology and Genetics The Rockefeller University New York NY Department of Antisense Drug Discovery Ionis Pharmaceuticals Inc. Carlsbad CA Patricia and John Rosenwald Laboratory of Neurobiology and Genetics The Rockefeller University New York NY Department of Antisense Drug Discovery Ionis Pharmaceuticals Inc. Carlsbad CA Patricia and John Rosenwald Laboratory of Neurobiology and Genetics The Rockefeller University New York NY Patricia and John Rosenwald Laboratory of Neurobiology and Genetics The Rockefeller University New York NY and

随着人口老龄化的趋势不断上升，阿兹海默症的发病成为越来越重要的健康问题。最近，科学家们试图利用各种手段清除患者大脑中造成疾病的斑块，但是药物的结果往往不尽如人意。来自洛克菲勒大学的科学家们利用一项最新的技术对阿兹海默... 详细信息

随着人口老龄化的趋势不断上升，阿兹海默症的发病成为越来越重要的健康问题。最近，科学家们试图利用各种手段清除患者大脑中造成疾病的斑块，但是药物的结果往往不尽如人意。来自洛克菲勒大学的科学家们利用一项最新的技术对阿兹海默症发病的生物学机制进行了解。意想不到的是，他们发现了一种常见于血栓以及炎症反应中的血浆成分在一些患者体内也检查得到。这并不是第一次将阿兹海默症与心血管疾病联系在了一起。”有大量证据表明锻炼身体能够帮助维持血管的健康以及血流的稳定，同时也能够有效避免阿兹海默症的发生”，神经生物学家Sidney Strickland说道：”另外。我们知道阿兹海默症会影响血管系统，就像糖尿病那样，提高人们血管疾病的发生风险”。

关键词：血管系统心血管疾病健康问题人口老龄化生物学机制血浆成分炎症反应生物学家