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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2007年第2期16卷 129-165页

作者： james M. TIEN Daniel BERG Department of Decision Sciences and Engineering Systems Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy New York USA

Innovation in the services area - especially in the electronic services （e-services） domain - can be systematically developed by first considering the strategic drivers and foci, then the tactical principles and enablers, and finally the operational decision attributes, all of which constitute a process or calculus of services innovation. More specifically, there are four customer drivers （i.e., collaboration, customization, integration and adaptation）, three business foci （i.e., creation-focused, solution-focused and competition-focused）, six business principles （i.e., reconstruct market boundaries, focus on the big picture not numbers, reach beyond existing demand, get strategic sequence right, overcome organizational hurdles and build execution into strategy）, eight technical enablers （i.e., software algorithms, automation, telecommunication, collaboration, standardization, customization, organization, and globalization）, and six attributes of decision informatics （i.e., decision-driven, information-based, real-time, continuously-adaptive, customer-centric and computationally-intensive）. It should be noted that the four customer drivers are all directed at empowering the individual - that is, at recognizing that the individual can, respectively, contribute in a collaborative situation, receive customized or personalized attention, access an integrated system or process, and obtain adaptive real-time or just-in-time input. The developed process or calculus serves to identify the potential white spaces or blue oceans for innovation. In addition to expanding on current innovations in services and related experiences, white spaces are identified for possible future innovations; they include those that can mitigate the unforeseen consequences or abuses of earlier innovations, safeguard our rights to privacy, protect us from the always-on, interconnected world, provide us with an authoritative search engine, and generate a GDP metric that can adequately measure the gro

关键词： Services innovation decision informatics software algorithms automation globalization collaboration customization integration adaptation standardization telecommunication organization business principles

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Promises and paradoxes of regulatory T cells in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第40期21卷 11236-11245页

作者： james D LordJ Translational Program Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason Mailstop

Since their discovery two decades ago,CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells(Tregs) have become the subject of intense investigation by immunologists. Unlike other T cells,which promote an immune response,Tregs actively inhibit inflammation when activated by their cognate antigen,thus raising hope that these cells could be engineered into a highly targeted,antigenspecific,immunosuppressant therapy. Although Tregs represent less than 10% of circulating CD4+T cells,they have been shown to play an essential role in preventing or limiting inflammation in a variety of animal models and human diseases. In particular,spontaneous intestinal inflammation has been shown to occur in the absence of Tregs,suggesting that there may be a Treg defect central to the pathogenesis of human inflammatory bowel disease(IBD). However,over the past decade,multiple groups have reported no qualitative or quantitative deficits in Tregs from the intestines and blood of IBD patients to explain why these cells fail to regulate inflammation in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. In this review,we will discuss the history of Tregs,what is known about them in IBD,and what progress and obstacles have been seen with efforts to employ them for therapeutic benefit.

关键词： Foxp3 Regulatory T cells Crohn’s disease Th17 Ulce

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Natural history and long-term clinical course of Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第1期20卷 31-36页

作者： Hugh james Freeman Department of Medicine (Gastroenterology) University of British Columbia HospitalVancouverBC V6T 1W5Canada

Crohn’s disease is a chronic inflammatory disease process involving different sites in the gastrointestinal tract. Occasionally, so-called metastatic disease occurs in extra-intestinal sites. Granulomatous inflammation may be detected in endoscopic biopsies or resected tissues. Genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors appear to play a role. Multiple susceptibility genes have been described in both familial and non-familial forms while the disease is phenotypically heterogeneous with a female predominance. The disorder occurs over a broad age spectrum, from early childhood to late adulthood. More than 80% are diagnosed before age 40 years usually with terminal ileal and colonic involvement. Pediatric-onset disease is more severe and more extensive, usually with a higher chance of upper gastrointestinal tract disease, compared to adult-onset disease. Long-term studies have shown that the disorder may evolve with time into more complex disease with stricture formation and penetrating disease complications (i.e., fistula, abscess). Although prolonged remission may occur, discrete periods of symptomatic disease may re-appear over many decades suggesting recurrence or re-activation of this inflammatory process. Eventual development of a cure will likely depend on identification of an etiologic cause and a fundamental understanding of its pathogenesis. Until now, treatment has focused on removing risk factors, particularly cigarette smoking, and improving symptoms. In clinical trials, clinical remission is largely defined as improved numerical and endoscopic indices for “mucosal healing”. “Deep remission” is a conceptual, more “extended” goal that may or may not alter the long-term natural history of the disease in selected patients, albeit at a significant risk for treatment complications, including serious and unusual opportunistic infections.

关键词： Natural history, Crohn’ s disease, Age-dependent phenotypes

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Learning physically based material and lighting decompositions for face editing

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第2期10卷 295-308页

作者： Qian Zhang Vikas Thamizharasan james Tompkin Brown University ProvidenceRhode Island 02906USA

Lighting is crucial for portrait photography,yet the complex interactions between the skin and incident light are expensive to model computationally in graphics and difficult to reconstruct analytically via computer ***,to allow fast and controllable reflectance and lighting editing,we developed a physically based decomposition through deep learned priors from path-traced portrait *** approaches that used simplified material models or low-frequency or low-dynamic-range lighting struggled to model specular reflections or relight directly without intermediate ***,we estimate the surface normal,skin albedo and roughness,and high-frequency HDRI maps,and propose an architecture to estimate both diffuse and specular reflectance *** our experiments,we show that this approach can represent the true appearance function more effectively than simpler baseline methods,leading to better generalization and higher-quality editing.

关键词： intrinsic decomposition portrait relighting inverse rendering deep learning

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Early stage colon cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第46期19卷 8468-8473页

作者： Hugh james Freeman Department of Medicine University of British Columbia

Evidence has now accumulated that colonoscopy and removal of polyps,especially during screening and surveillance programs,is effective in overall risk reduction for colon *** resection of malignant pedunculated colon polyps or early stage colon cancers,long-term repeated surveillance programs can also lead to detection and removal of asymptomatic high risk advanced adenomas and new early stage metachronous *** stage colon cancer can be defined as disease that appears to have been completely resected with no subsequent evidence of involvement of adjacent organs,lymph nodes or distant *** differs from the clinical setting of an apparent"curative"resection later pathologically upstaged following detection of malignant cells extending into adjacent organs,peritoneum,lymph nodes or other distant sites,including *** highly selected early stage colon cancer group remains at high risk for subsequent colon polyps and metachronous colon *** staging is important,not only for assessing the need for adjuvant chemotherapy,but also for patient selection for continued *** advanced stages of colon cancer and a more guarded outlook,repeated surveillance should be *** future,novel imaging technologies(e.g.,confocal endomicroscopy),coupled with increased pathological recognition of high risk markers for lymph node involvement(e.g.,"tumor budding")should lead to improved staging and clinical care.

关键词： Colon cancer Node-negative colon cancer Staging of colon cancer Nodal micrometastases Follow-up and surveillance of early colon cancer

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Event-triggered sliding mode control of linear repetitive processes and its application in metal rolling process

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 167-181页

作者： Xinyu LV Yugang NIU james LAM Key Laboratory of Smart Manufacturing in Energy Chemical Process (East China University of Science and Technology) Ministry of Education Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong

This paper investigates the design problem of a sliding mode controller for linear repetitive processes(LRPs) with a finite pass length on each pass. Under limited communication resources, an eventtriggered mechanism is implemented from the sensors to the controller, whose triggered sequence is consistent with the evolution direction of LRPs. To periodically orchestrate communication between the controller and actuator, a round-robin scheduling mechanism is established based on the pass length. A sliding function involving the state and pass profile is constructed, and the sliding mode controller is designed using triggered states and pass profile signals. Feasible controller gains are attained to ensure the stability of the resultant closed-loop system. Finally, the proposed strategy is implemented for a multi-roll metal rolling process.

关键词： event-triggered mechanism linear repetitive processes metal rolling process round-robin scheduling sliding mode control

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structures:new solutions and uncommon characteristics james Kirby,Shiwei Zhou,

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2022年第6期38卷 128-140,I0003页

作者： james Kirby Shiwei Zhou Yi Min Xie Centre for Innovative Structures and Materials School of EngineeringRMIT UniversityMelbourne 3001Australia

To investigate the characteristics of optimal fail-safe structures subjected to single and multi-member damage scenarios,we con-sider a pin-jointed cantilever truss with all members directly connected from the load point to the *** problem formu-lations are considered—minimizing the compliance with a volume constraint and minimizing the volume with stress *** these formulations produce equivalent structures for traditional truss design problems,we find that this is not always the case in the fail-safe *** solutions are developed for a three-bar truss under both problem *** is modelled as the complete removal of any one member,and a minmax problem is constructed to minimize the compliance or volume of the structure for the worst-case damage *** new analytical solutions provide much needed benchmarks for numerical fail-safe *** problems are extended to n-bar systems with damage to multiple *** show that as the structural complexity(the number of members in a system)increases,the optimum fail-safe structure tends towards a variation of the nominal two-bar design with overlapping *** these observations,we then approach the idea of full redundancy through the introduction of parallel substructures into a more complex truss *** compare our fully redundant truss design with a benchmark fail-safe solution and show that the fully redundant design has significantly better performance and with fewer ***,this suggests that fully redundant structural designs are highly efficient and have the additional benefit of only requiring the computation of the nominal solution.

关键词： Fail-safe optimization Minimum compliance Minimum volume,

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Bayesian Deep Learning for Dynamic Power System State Prediction Considering Renewable Energy Uncertainty

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第4期10卷 913-922页

作者： Shiyao Zhang james J.Q.Yu Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Modern power systems are incorporated with distributed energy sources to be environmental-friendly and ***,due to the uncertainties of the system integrated with renewable energy sources,effective strategies need to be adopted to stabilize the entire power ***,the system operators need accurate prediction tools to forecast the dynamic system states *** this paper,we propose a Bayesian deep learning approach to predict the dynamic system state in a general power ***,the input system dataset with multiple system features requires the data pre-processing ***,we obtain the dynamic state matrix of a general power system through the Newton-Raphson power flow ***,by incorporating the state matrix with the system features,we propose a Bayesian long short-term memory(BLSTM)network to predict the dynamic system state variables *** results show that the accurate prediction can be achieved at different scales of power systems through the proposed Bayesian deep learning approach.

关键词： Bayesian deep learning data analytics NewtonRaphson power flow renewable energy source system state

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A new direction for Alzheimer's research

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第2期13卷 190-193页

作者： james D.Weinstein Marshall University School of Medicine Medical Center

Despite decades of research, at present there is no curative therapy for Alzheimer＇s disease. Changes in the way new drugs are tested appear to be necessary. Three changes are presented here and will be discussed. The first change is that Alzheimer＇s disease must be considered a disease of four major pathological processes, not one. The four processes are： 1） vascular hy- poperfusion of the brain with associated mitochondrial dysfunction, 2） destructive protein inclusions, 3） uncontrolled oxidative stress, and 4） proinflammatory immune processes second- ary to microglial and astrocytic dysfunction in the brain. The second change recommended is to alter the standard cognitive measurement tools used to quantify mental decline in test patients. Specifically the Dementia Severity Rating Scale （DSRS） should supersede Mini-Mental State Examination （MMSE） and other popular tests, and a measurement scale developed in research should be used to produce a linear and non-irregular baseline. Finally, accepting the concept that four etiologies cause Alzheimer＇s disease leads to the last necessary change, that new thera- pies must be employed directed against all four causes, likely as a combination. There are drugs ready to be employed in such a combinations which are available and used clinically for other purposes so can be used ＂offlabel＂ and one such combination is suggested.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease etiologies combination therapy cognitive testing failed research off-label use Dementia Severity Rating Scale

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Future challenges in the in vitro and in vivo evaluation of biomaterial biocompatibility

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2016年第2期3卷 73-77页

作者： james M.Anderson Case Western Reserve University 2103 Cornell RoadWRB 5105ClevelandOH 44106-7288USA

As the science and engineering of biomaterials continues to expand with increased emphasis on the development of nanomaterials and tissue engineering scaffolds,emphasis also must be placed on appropriate and adequate approaches to the in vivo and in vitro evaluation of biomaterial biocompatibility/biological response *** article presents six topic areas that should be addressed by investigators as they move forward in the development of new systems for regenerative *** certainly,there are other areas that require attention to detail and a more complete understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of various experimental approaches to biomaterial/biological response *** small number of issues addressed in this article is only meant to bring to the attention of prospective investigators and authors,the importance of the development of adequate and appropriate evaluation techniques that address the unique features of biomaterials utilized in the development of new medical devices.

关键词： biomaterials nanomaterials tissue engineering

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