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Organ and function preservation in gastrointestinal cancer: Current and future perspectives on endoscopic ablation

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第6期16卷 282-291页

作者： Youssef Yousry Soliman Megan Soliman Shravani Reddy james Lin Toufic Kachaamy Department of Gastroenterology City of Hope PhoenixGoodyearAZ 85338United States Department of Medicine Medical ConsultingGoodyearAZ 85395United States Department of Gastroenterology University of California IrvineIrvineCA 92697United States Department of Gastroenterology City of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCA 91010United States

The escalating prevalence of gastrointestinal cancers underscores the urgency for transformative *** treatment costs amount to billions of dollars annually,combined with the risks and comorbidities associated with invasive *** highlights the importance of less invasive alternatives with organ preservation being a central aspect of the treatment *** current standard of care typically involves neoadjuvant systemic therapy followed by surgical *** is a growing interest in organ preservation approaches by way of minimizing extensive surgical *** ablation has proven to be useful in precursor lesions,as well as in palliative cases of unrese-ctable *** recently,there has been an increase in reports on the utility of adjunct endoscopic ablative techniques for downstaging disease as well as contributing to non-surgical complete clinical *** expansive field within endoscopic oncology holds great potential for advancing patient *** addressing challenges,fostering collaboration,and embracing technological advancements,the gastrointestinal cancer treatment paradigm can shift towards a more sustainable and patient-centric future emphasizing organ and function *** editorial examines the evolving landscape of endoscopic ablation strategies,emphasizing their potential to improve patient *** briefly review current applications of endoscopic ablation in the esophagus,stomach,duodenum,pancreas,bile ducts,and colon.

关键词： Gastrointestinal cancer Endoscopic ablation Organ preservation Complete clinical response Neoadjuvant therapy Endoscopic oncology Palliative treatment

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Spatial Variation and Trend of Extreme Precipitation in Africa during 1981-2019 and Its Projected Changes at the End of 21^st Century

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第3期12卷 192-221页

作者： Fabien Habiyakare Tong Jiang Ibrahim Yahaya Daudi Ndabagenga james Kagabo Buda Su School of Atmospheric Sciences Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China Rwanda Meteorology Agency (Meteo Rwanda) Kigali Rwanda Institute for Disaster Risk Management/School of Geographical Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing China Department of Geography Gombe State University Gombe State Nigeria

This study comprehensively examines the patterns and regional variation of severe rainfall across the African continent, employing a suite of eight extreme precipitation indices. The analysis extends to the assessment of projected changes in precipitation extremes using five General Circulation Models (GCMs) from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) under four Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) scenarios at the long-term period (2081-2100) of the 21st century. Furthermore, the study investigates potential mechanisms influencing precipitation extremes by correlating extreme precipitation indices with oceanic system indices, specifically Ni?o 3.4 for El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Dipole Mode Index (DMI) for the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). The findings revealed distinct spatial distributions in mean trends of extreme precipitation indices, indicating a tendency toward decreased extreme precipitation in North Africa, Sahel region, Central Africa and the Western part of South Africa. Conversely, West Africa, East Africa and the Eastern part of South Africa exhibit an inclination toward increased extreme precipitation. The changes in precipitation extreme indices indicate a general rise in both the severity and occurrence of extreme precipitation events under all scenarios by the end of the 21st century. Notably, our analysis projects a decrease in consecutive wet days (CWD) in the far-future. Additionally, correlation analysis highlights significant correlation between above or below threshold rainfall fluctuation in East Africa and South Africa with oceanic systems, particularly ENSO and the IOD. Central Africa abnormal precipitation variability is also linked to ENSO with a significant negative correlation. These insights contribute valuable information for understanding and projecting the dynamics of precipitation extreme in Africa, providing a foundation for climate adaptation and mitigation efforts in the region.

关键词： Extreme Precipitation Mann-Kendall Trend Projections Oceanic System Africa

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选择家政学专业，踏上寻找美好生活之路

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求学 2024年第4期 50-51页

作者： james 河北师范大学

本文主角：家政学讲述人：james（河北师范大学）适合人群：喜欢吃喝玩乐，热爱生活，关注家庭，具有一定审美与生活能力，或是想要培养审美，提高自身生活能力的同学家政学是新学科？怎么没听说过？家政学专业与大家熟知的法学、汉语...

本文主角：家政学讲述人：james（河北师范大学）适合人群：喜欢吃喝玩乐，热爱生活，关注家庭，具有一定审美与生活能力，或是想要培养审美，提高自身生活能力的同学家政学是新学科？怎么没听说过？家政学专业与大家熟知的法学、汉语言文学、计算机科学与技术等专业相比，确实算是一门小众冷门学科，但我国家政学这一学科的历史可以追溯到1907年。

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Protective effects of cyclosporine and its analog NIM-811 in a murine model of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury

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肝脏研究（英文） 2024年第1期8卷 46-53页

作者： Joshua Hefler Rena Pawlick Braulio A.Marfil-Garza Aducio Thiesen Nerea Cuesta-Gomez Sanaz Hatami Darren H.Freed Constantine Karvellas David L.Bigam A.M.james Shapiro Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine & DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine & DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada CHRISTUS-LatAm Hub Excellence & Innovation Center MonterreyMexico Alberta Diabetes Institute University of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada Clinical Islet Transplant Program University of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology Faculty of Medicine & DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine & DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada Alberta Diabetes Institute University of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine & DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine & DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada Alberta Diabetes Institute University of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada Clinical Islet Transplant Program University of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada

Background and aim:The liver is susceptible to ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI)during hepatic surgery,when the vessels are compressed to control bleeding,or liver transplantation,when there is an obligate period of *** hallmark of IRI comprises mitochondrial dysfunction,which generates reactive oxygen species,and cell death through necrosis or ***(CsA),which is a well-known immunosuppressive agent that inhibits calcineurin,has the additional effect of inhibiting the mito-chondrial permeability transition pore(mPTP),thereby,preventing mitochondrial swelling and ***-811,which is the nonimmunosuppressive analog of CsA,has a similar effect on the *** this study,we tested the effect of both agents on mitigating warm hepatic IRI in a murine model.Materials and methods:Before ischemic insult,the mice were administered with intraperitoneal normal saline(control);CsA at 2.5,10,or 25 mg/kg;or NIM-811 at 10 mg/***,the mice were subjected to partial warm hepatic ischemia by selective pedicle clamping for 60 min,followed by 6 h of recovery after *** alanine transaminase(ALT)was measured,and the liver tissue was examined histologically for the presence of apoptosis and the levels of inflammatory cytokines.Results:Compared with the control mice,the mice treated with 10 and 25 mg/kg of CsA and NIM-811 had significantly lower ALT levels(P＜0.001,0.007,and 0.031,respectively).Moreover,the liver tissue showed reduced histological injury scores after treatment with CsA at 2.5,10,and 25 mg/kg and NIM-811(P=0.041,＜0.001,0.003,and 0.043,respectively)and significant decrease in apoptosis after treatment with CsA at all doses(P=0.012,0.007,and＜0.001,respectively).Levels of the pro-inflammatory cyto-kines,particularly interleukin(IL)-1 β,IL-2,IL-4,IL-10,and keratinocyte chemoattractant/human growth-regulated oncogene significantly decreased in the mice treated with the highest dose of CsA(25 mg/kg)than those in the control mic

关键词： Cyclosporine (CsA) Cyclosporine analogue Liver surgery Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) Animal model NIM-811

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Unveiling the distinctive traits of functional rye centromeres:minisatellites, retrotransposons, and R-loop formation

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年第09期 1989-2002页

作者： Chang Liu Shulan Fu Congyang Yi Yang Liu Yuhong Huang Xianrui Guo Kaibiao Zhang Qian Liu james A.Birchler Fangpu Han State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Plant Genetics and Breeding Sichuan Agricultural University Division of Biological Science University of Missouri

Centromeres play a vital role in cellular division by facilitating kinetochore assembly and spindle attachments. Despite their conserved functionality, centromeric DNA sequences exhibit rapid evolution, presenting diverse sizes and compositions across species. The functional significance of rye centromeric DNA sequences, particularly in centromere identity, remains unclear. In this study, we comprehensively characterized the sequence composition and organization of rye centromeres. Our findings revealed that these centromeres are primarily composed of long terminal repeat retrotransposons(LTR-RTs) and interspersed minisatellites. We systematically classified LTR-RTs into five categories, highlighting the prevalence of younger CRS1, CRS2, and CRS3 of CRSs(centromeric retrotransposons of Secale cereale) were primarily located in the core centromeres and exhibited a higher association with CENH3 nucleosomes. The minisatellites, mainly derived from retrotransposons, along with CRSs, played a pivotal role in establishing functional centromeres in rye. Additionally, we observed the formation of R-loops at specific regions of CRS1, CRS2, and CRS3, with both rye pericentromeres and centromeres exhibiting enrichment in R-loops. Notably, these R-loops selectively formed at binding regions of the CENH3 nucleosome in rye centromeres, suggesting a potential role in mediating the precise loading of CENH3 to centromeres and contributing to centromere specification. Our work provides insights into the DNA sequence composition, distribution, and potential function of R-loops in rye centromeres. This knowledge contributes valuable information to understanding the genetics and epigenetics of rye centromeres, offering implications for the development of synthetic centromeres in future plant modifications and beyond.

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MRO市场正在寻求平衡之道

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航空维修与工程 2024年第5期 18-20页

作者： james Pozzi 不详

近年来,受产能限制影响,MRO服务供应商承接的大修工作量持续保持高位。2024年飞机售后服务市场仍将继续供不应求。受航材供应短缺、劳动力短缺以及OEM生产进度缓慢等因素的影响,维修周期持续延长,全球MRO供应链瓶颈依然存在。

关键词：劳动力短缺供应链维修周期供应商航材供应 MRO OEM生产产能限制

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Recent Ventures in Interdisciplinary Arctic Research:The ARCPATH Project

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第8期41卷 1559-1568页

作者： Astrid E.J.OGILVIE Leslie A.KING Noel KEENLYSIDE François COUNILLON Brynhildur DAVIÐSDÓTTIR Níels EINARSSON Sergey GULEV Ke FAN Torben KOENIGK james R.MCGOODWIN Marianne H.RASMUSSON Shuting YANG Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research(INSTAAR) University of ColoradoBoulder CO 80303USA Stefansson Arctic Institute AkureyriÍS-600Iceland Royal Roads University BC V9B 5Y2Canada University of Bergen Bergen N-5007Norway Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Centre Bergen N-5007Norway University of Iceland Reykjavík 102Iceland Shirshov Institute of Oceanology Moscow 117218Russia Moscow State University Moscow 11991Russia Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100045China Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute SE-60176 NorrköpingSweden Danish Meteorological Institute CopenhagenØ2100Denmark Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics RAS119017MoscowRussia

This paper celebrates Professor Yongqi GAO's significant achievement in the field of interdisciplinary studies within the context of his final research project Arctic Climate Predictions: Pathways to Resilient Sustainable Societies-ARCPATH(https://***/en/projects/finished-projects/arcpath). The disciplines represented in the project are related to climatology, anthropology, marine biology, economics, and the broad spectrum of social-ecological studies. Team members were drawn from the Nordic countries, Russia, China, the United States, and Canada. The project was transdisciplinary as well as interdisciplinary as it included collaboration with local knowledge holders. ARCPATH made significant contributions to Arctic research through an improved understanding of the mechanisms that drive climate variability in the Arctic. In tandem with this research, a combination of historical investigations and social, economic, and marine biological fieldwork was carried out for the project study areas of Iceland, Greenland, Norway, and the surrounding seas, with a focus on the joint use of ocean and sea-ice data as well as social-ecological drivers. ARCPATH was able to provide an improved framework for predicting the near-term variation of Arctic climate on spatial scales relevant to society, as well as evaluating possible related changes in socioeconomic realms. In summary, through the integration of information from several different disciplines and research approaches, ARCPATH served to create new and valuable knowledge on crucial issues, thus providing new pathways to action for Arctic communities.

关键词： Recent Ventures in Interdisciplinary Arctic Research:The ARCPATH Project

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Characterization and Modeling of Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured Coconut Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene Composites

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2024年第6期14卷 95-112页

作者： George Mosi Bernard W. Ikua Samuel K. Kabini james W. Mwangi Department of Mechatronic Engineering Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Juja Kenya

In the face of the increased global campaign to minimize the emission of greenhouse gases and the need for sustainability in manufacturing, there is a great deal of research focusing on environmentally benign and renewable materials as a substitute for synthetic and petroleum-based products. Natural fiber-reinforced polymeric composites have recently been proposed as a viable alternative to synthetic materials. The current work investigates the suitability of coconut fiber-reinforced polypropylene as a structural material. The coconut fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites were developed. Samples of coconut fiber/polypropylene (PP) composites were prepared using Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF). Tests were then conducted on the mechanical properties of the composites for different proportions of coconut fibers. The results obtained indicate that the composites loaded with 2 wt% exhibited the highest tensile and flexural strength, while the ones loaded with 3 wt% had the highest compression strength. The ultimate tensile and flexural strength at 2 wt% were determined to be 34.13 MPa and 70.47 MPa respectively. The compression strength at 3 wt% was found to be 37.88 MPa. Compared to pure polypropylene, the addition of coconut fibers increased the tensile, flexural, and compression strength of the composite. In the study, an artificial neural network model was proposed to predict the mechanical properties of polymeric composites based on the proportion of fibers. The model was found to predict data with high accuracy.

关键词： Additive Manufacturing Artificial Neural Network Mechanical Properties Natural Fibers Polypropylene

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Toxicity of a seafood toxin， domoic acid， in the retina via modulation of the NRF2 and NF-κB pathways

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Gabriel Mbuta Tchivelekete Yanqun Cao Mohammad Almarhoun Xinzhi Zhou Agostinho Francisco Cachapa Sebasti?o Tumitangua james Reilly Patricia E.Martin Xinhua Shu Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences Glasgow Caledonian University Department of Marine Biology Faculty of Natural Science University of Namibe Puai Medical School Shaoyang University Department of Vision Science Glasgow Caledonian University

Domoic acid (DA)， a biotoxin， is produced by several species of marine dinoflagellate and diatom during harmful algal bloom events. DA is a neurotoxin， in humans and non-human primates， oral exposure to DA results in gastrointestinal effects， while DA at higher doses leads to neurological symptoms， seizures and memory deficiency. Exposure of humans to DA occurs mainly through consumption of contaminated seafoods containing an accumulation of the toxin. Previously， it was unclear if DA can have toxic effects on the retina. We assessed the toxicity of DA in human retinal cells (ARPE-19) and in zebrafish embryos. DA significantly lowered ARPE-19 cell viability dose-dependently， and decreased anti-oxidative capacity， increased inflammation， and promoted cell death， possibly through modulating the NRF2 and NF-κB signalling pathways. Zebrafish embryos exposed to DA for four days from one day post fertilization (dpf) had an increase in mortality and a decrease in both hatching and heartbeat rate and exhibited morphological abnormalities. DA treatment also significantly downregulated expression of antioxidant genes and upregulated expression of inflammation mediators， as well as causing photoreceptor death in zebrafish embryos. The results demonstrate that consuming seafood containing DA will have potential toxic effects in human retinas.

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罗罗扩建大型民用发动机的全球维修能力

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航空维修与工程 2024年第5期 27-28页

作者： james Pozzi 赵平(编译) 不详

随着疫情后全球航空业的蓬勃发展,大型民用发动机的售后维修市场需求不断攀升。全球知名的发动机制造商罗罗公司(Rolls-Royce)正在不断加大大型民用发动机维修能力建设的投入,积极扩建其全球发动机维修网络。1罗罗售后市场需求强劲《航... 详细信息

随着疫情后全球航空业的蓬勃发展,大型民用发动机的售后维修市场需求不断攀升。全球知名的发动机制造商罗罗公司(Rolls-Royce)正在不断加大大型民用发动机维修能力建设的投入,积极扩建其全球发动机维修网络。1罗罗售后市场需求强劲《航空周刊》在2024年的商业航空机队和MRO预测中明确指出,罗罗公司将会进一步提升遄达系列发动机的维修服务能力,遄达发动机将在未来10年保持很高的市场需求,特别是在亚太地区和西欧,其中遄达XWB发动机的维修需求会出现进一步的增长。

关键词：售后维修维修能力发动机制造商发动机维修机队商业航空维修需求罗罗

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