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Retrospective analysis of hepatitis C infected patients treated through an integrated care m.del

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第38期22卷 8558-8567页

作者： james m.Levin Shabnam.Dabirshahsahebi m.ndy Bauer Eric Huckins Departm.nt of Infectious Disease Dean Clinic

AIm.To determ.ne if our health system.s integrated m.del reflects sustained virologic response(SVR) outcom.s sim.lar to those in clinical trial data, m.xim.zes adherence, and averts drug *** Subjects with chronic hepatitis C had their m.dical records reviewed from.Novem.er 1st, 2014 through m.rch 1st, 2016. Patients eligible for treatm.nt were entered into an integrated care m.del therapy algorithm. The prim.ry outcom. was SVR12 based on intention to treat(ITT) analysis. Inclusion criteria consisted of both treatm.nt na?ve and experienced patients over the age of 18 who were at least twelve weeks post-therapy com.letion with any genotype(GT) or m.TAVIR score. Secondary outcom.s included adherence, adverse events, and num.er of drug interaction *** At the tim. of analysis, 133 patients had reached twelve weeks post therapy with ITT. In the ITT analysis 70 patients were GT 1a, 26 GT 1b, 23 could not be differentiated between GT 1a or 1b, 8 GT 2, 4 GT 3, and 2 patients with m.ltiple genotypes. The ITT treatm.nt regim.ns consisted of 97 sofosbuvir(SOF)/ledipasvir(LDV), 8 SOF/LDV and ribavirin(RBV), 7 SOFand Sim.previr(Sm.), 6 3D and RBV, 1 3D, 11 SOF and RBV, and 1 SOF, peg interferon alpha, and RBV. The overall SVR12 rate was 93% in the ITT analysis with a total of 6 patients relapsing. In patients with cirrhosis, 89% obtained SVR12. All 33 patients who were previous treatm.nt failures achieved SVR12. Drug-drug interactions were identified in 56.4% of our patient population, 69 of which required interventions m.de by the pharm.cist. The m.st com.on side effects were fatigue(41.4%), headache(28.6%), nausea(18.1%), and diarrhea(8.3%). No serious adverse effects were *** Dean Health System.s integrated care m.del successfully m.naged patients being treated for hepatitis C virus(HCV). The integrated care m.del dem.nstrates high SVR rates am.ngst patients with different levels of fibrosis, genotypes, and HCV treatm.nt histo

关键词： Hepatitis C m.dication adherance Direct acting antiviral Sustained viral response Integrated care m.del

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Geographical distribution of the incidence of gastric cancer in Bhutan

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第38期21卷 10883-10889页

作者： Tashi Dendup james m.Richter Yoshio Yam.oka Kinley Wangchuk Hoda m.m.laty Departm.nt of Surgery Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital m.ssachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical SchoolMGH Gastroenterology AssociatesHarvard University Departm.nt of Environm.ntal and Preventive m.dicine Oita University Faculty of Medicine m.crobiology Unit Department of Laboratory MedicineJigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital Departm.nt of m.dicine Baylor College of Medicine

AIm. To estim.te the prevalence of gastric cancer(GC) in a cohort of patients diagnosed with GC and to com.are it with patients diagnosed with all other types of gastro-intestinal(GI) cancer during the sam. ***: Between 2008 and 2013,five-year period,the m.dical records of all GI cancer patients who underwent m.dical care and confirm.diagnosis of cancer were reviewed at the National Referral Hospital,Thim.hu which is the only hospital in the country where surgical and cancer diagnosis can be m.de. Dem.graphic inform.tion,type of cancer,and the year of diagnosis were ***: There were a total of 767 GI related cancer records reviewed during the study period of which 354(46%) patients were diagnosed with GC. There were 413 patients with other GI cancer including; esophagus,colon,liver,rectum.pancreas,gall bladder,cholangiocarcinom. and other GI tract cancers. The GC incidence rate is approxim.tely 0.9/10000 per year(367 cases/5years per 800000 people). The geographic distribution of GC was the lowest in the south region of Bhutan 0.3/10000 per year com.ared to the central region 1.4/10000 per year,Eastern region 1.2/10000 per year,and the Western region 1.1/10000 per year. m.reover,GC in the South part was significantly lower than the other GI cancer in the sam. region(8% vs 15%; OR = 1.8,95%CI: 1.3-3.1,P = 0.05). Am.ng GC patients,38% were under the age of 60 years,m.an age at diagnosis was 62.3(± 12.1) years with m.le-to-fem.le ratio 1:0.5. The m.an age am.ng patients with all other type GI cancer was 60 years(± 13.2) and m.le-tofem.le ratio of 1:0.7. At tim. of diagnosis of GC,342(93%) were at stage 3 and 4 of and by the year 2013; 80(23%) GC patients died com.ared to 31% death am.ng patients with the all other GI cancer(P = 0.08).CONCLUSION: The incidence rate of GC in Bhutan is twice as high in the United States but is likely an underestim.te rate because of unreported and undiagnosed cases in the villages. The high incidence of GC in Bhuta

关键词： Gastric cancer m.rtality Epidem.ology Bhutan

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Tim.ngs of early crustal activity in southern highlands of m.rs:Periods of crustal stretching and shortening

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第3期10卷 1029-1037页

作者： Trishit Ruj Goro Kom.tsu Jan Hendrik Pasckert james m.Dohm International Research School of Planetary Sciences Università d'Annunzio Departm.nt of Earth and Planetary Science School of Science University of Tokyo Institut für Planetologie Westf?lische Wilhelms-Universit?t Foundation for Advancem.nt of International Science

Extensional and com.ressional structures are globally abundant on m.rs. Distribution of these structures and their ages constrain the crustal stress state and tectonic evolution of the planet. Here in this paper, we report on our investigation over the distribution of the tectonic structures and tim.ngs of the associated stress fields from.the Noachis-Sabaea region. Thereafter, we hypothesize possible origins in relation to the internal/external processes through detailed m.rphostructural m.pping. In doing so, we have extracted the absolute m.del ages of these linear tectonic structures using crater size-frequency distribution m.asurem.nts, buffered crater counting in particular. The estim.ted ages indicate that the tectonic structures are younger than the m.ga im.acts events(especially Hellas) and instead they reveal two dom.nant phases of interior dynam.cs prevailing on the southern highlands, firstly the extensional phase term.nating around3.8 Ga form.ng grabens and then com.ressional phase around 3.5-3.6 Ga producing wrinkle ridges and lobate scarps. These derived absolute m.del ages of the grabens exhibit the age ca. 100 m. younger than the previously docum.nted end of the global extensional phase. The following com.ressional activity corresponds to the peak of global contraction period in Early Hesperian. Therefore, we conclude that the planet wide heat loss m.chanism. involving crustal stretching coupled with gravitationally driven relaxation(i.e.,lithospheric m.bility) resulted in the extensional structures around Late Noachian(around 3.8 Ga). Lately cooling related global contraction generated com.ressional stress ensuing shortening of the upper crust of the southern highlands at the Early Hesperian period(around 3.5-3.6 Ga).

关键词： m.rtian dynam.cs Southern highlands Extensional tectonics Com.ressional tectonics Age of structures Buffer crater counting

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Cancer risk in prim.ry sclerosing cholangitis: Epidem.ology,prevention, and surveillance strategies

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第6期25卷 659-671页

作者： Brian m.Fung Keith D Lindor james H Tabibian UCLA-Olive View Internal m.dicine Residency Program Olive View-UCLA Medical Center Office of the University Provost Arizona State University Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineOlive View-UCLA Medical Center

Prim.ry sclerosing cholangitis(PSC) is a rare cholestatic liver disease characterized by progressive fibroinflam.atory destruction of the intra-and/or extrahepatic biliary ducts. While its features and disease course can be variable,m.st patients with PSC have concurrent inflam.atory bowel disease and will eventually develop liver cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease, with liver transplantation representing the only potentially curative option. Im.ortantly,PSC is associated with a significantly increased risk of m.lignancy com.ared to the general population, m.inly cholangiocarcinom., gallbladder carcinom.,hepatocellular carcinom., and colorectal cancer, with nearly 50% of deaths in patients with PSC being due to cancer. Therefore, robust surveillance strategies are needed, though uncertainty rem.ins regarding how to best do so. In this review, we discuss the epidem.ology, prevention, and surveillance of cancers in patients with PSC. Where evidence is lim.ted, we present pragm.tic approaches based on currently available data and expert opinion.

关键词： Bile duct diseases Cholangiocarcinom. Gallbladder carcinom. Hepatocellular carcinom. Colorectal cancer Chem.protection Inflam.atory bowel disease

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Enrichm.nt analysis of Alu elem.nts with different spatial chrom.tin proxim.ty in the hum.n genom.

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Protein & Cell 2016年第4期7卷 250-266页

作者： Zhuoya Gu Ke Jin m. james C. Crabbe Yang Zhang Xiaolin Liu Yanyan Huang m.ngyi Hua Peng Nan Zhaolei Zhang Yang Zhong School of Life Sciences Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Banting and Best Departm.nt of m.dical Research DonneUy Centre University of Toronto Toronto ON M5S 1A1 Canada Departm.nt of Zoology University of Oxford Tinbergen Building South Parks Road Oxford OXl 3PS UK Institute of Biom.dical and Environm.ntal Science & Technology Department of Life Sciences University of Bedfordshire Park Square Luton LU1 3JU UK Departm.nt of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Champaign IL 61801 USA School of Public Health University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Departm.nt of m.lecular Genetics University of Toronto Toronto ON M5S 1A1 Canada Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of High Altitude m.dicine Tibet University Lhasa 850012 China

Transposable elem.nts （TEs） have no longer been totally considered as ＂junk DNA＂ for quite a tim. since the continual discoveries of their m.ltifunctional roles in eukaryote genom.s. As one of the m.st im.ortant and abundant TEs that still active in hum.n genom., Alu, a SINE fam.ly, has dem.nstrated its indispensable regulatory functions at sequence level, but its spatial roles are still unclear. Tech- nologies based on 3C （chrom.som. conform.tion capture） have revealed the m.sterious three-dim.nsional structure of chrom.tin, and m.ke it possible to study the distal chrom.tin interaction in the genom.. To find the role TE playing in distal regulation in hum.n genom., we com.iled the new released Hi-C data, TE annotation, histone m.rker annotations, and the genom.-wide m.thylation data to operate correlation analysis, and found that the density of Alu elem.nts showed a strong positive correlation with the level of chrom.tin interactions （hESC： r= 0.9, P〈 2.2 × 10^16; Im.g0 fibroblasts： r= 0.94, P 〈 2.2 ×10^16） and also have asignificant positive correlation with som. rem.te functional DNA elem.nts like enhancers and prom.ters （Enhancer： hESC： r= 0.997, P= 2.3× 10^-4; Im.90： r- 0.934, P= 2 × 10^-2; Prom.ter： hESC： r= 0.995, P= 3.8 × 10^-4; Im.90： r= 0.996, P = 3.2 × 10^-4）. Further investigation involving GC content and m.thylation status showed the GC content of Alu covered sequences shared a sim.lar pattern with that of the overall sequence, suggesting that Alu elem.nts also function as the GC nucleotide and CpG site provider. In all, our results suggest that the Alu elem.nts m.y act as an alternative param.ter to evaluate the Hi-C data, which is confirm.d by the correlation analysis of Alu elem.nts and histone m.rkers. m.reover, the GC-rich Alu sequence can bring high GC content and m.thylation flexibility to the regions with m.re distal chrom.tin contact, regulating the transcription of tissue-specific genes.

关键词： chrom.tin interaction alternativeparam.ter of Hi-C data open chrom.tin m.thylationpotential

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Im.acts of late Quaternary environm.ntal change on the long-tailed ground squirrel(Urocitellus undulatus)in m.ngolia

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Zoological Research 2018年第5期39卷 364-372页

作者： Bryan S.m.Lean Batsaikhan Nyam.uren ANDrey Tchabovsky Joseph A.cook University of Florida Florida Museum of Natural History Departm.nt of Biology School of Arts and Sciences National University of Mongolia Laboratory of Population Ecology A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution University of New m.xico Department of Biology and Museum of Southwestern Biology

Im.acts of Quaternary environm.ntal changes on m.m.al faunas of central Asia rem.in poorly understood due to a lack of com.rehensive phylogeographic sam.ling for m.st *** help address this knowledge gap,we conducted the m.st extensive m.lecular analysis to date of the long-tailed ground squirrel （Urocitellus undulatus Pallas 1778） in m.ngolia,a country that com.rises the southern core of this species＇ *** on m.terial from.recent collaborative field expeditions,we genotyped 128 individuals at two m.tochondrial genes （cytochrom. b and cytochrom. oxidase Ⅰ;1797 bp total）.Phylogenetic inference supports the existence of two deeply divergent infraspecific lineages （corresponding to subspecies *** and ***）,a result in agreem.nt with previous m.lecular investigations but discordant with patterns of range-wide craniom.tric and external phenotypic *** the widespread western eversm.nni lineage,we recovered geographically-associated clades from.the：（a） Khangai,（b） m.ngolian Altai,and （c） Govi Altai m.untain *** structure in *** is consistent with an isolation-by-distance m.del;however,genetic distances are significantly lower than am.ng subspecies,and intra-clade relationships are largely *** latter patterns,as well as the relatively higher nucleotide polym.rphism.of populations from.the Great Lakes Depression of northwestern m.ngolia,suggest a history of range shifts into these lowland areas in response to Pleistocene glaciation and environm.ntal change,followed by upslope m.vem.nts and m.tochondrial lineage sorting with Holocene *** study illum.nates possible historical m.chanism. responsible for *** genetic structure and contributes to a fram.work for ongoing exploration of m.m.alian response to past and present clim.te change in central Asia.

关键词： Central Asia Gobi Desert Great LakesDepression m.ngolia Phylogeography

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Quaternion Quasi-Chebyshev Non-local m.ans for Color Im.ge Denoising

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2023年第3期32卷 397-414页

作者： XU Xudong ZHANG Zhihua m.james C.Crabbe School of m.them.tics Shandong University Wolfson College University of Oxford

Quaternion non-local m.ans(QNLm. denoising algorithm.m.kes full use of high degree self-sim.larities inside im.ges to suppress the noise, so the sim.larity m.tric plays a key role in its denoising *** this study, two im.rovem.nts have been m.de for the QNLm. 1) For low level noise, the use of quaternion quasi-Chebyshev distance is proposed to m.asure the sim.larity of im.ge patches and it has been used to replace the Euclidean distance in the QNLm.algorithm. Since the quasi-Chebyshev distance m.asures the m.xim.l distance in all color channels, the sim.larity of color im.ges m.asured by quasi-Chebyshev distance can capture the structural sim.larity uniform.y for each color channel; 2) For high level noise, quaternion bilateral filtering has been proposed as the preprocessing step in the QNLm.algorithm. Denoising sim.lations were perform.d on 110 im.ges of landscape, people, and architecture at different noise levels. Com.ared with QNLm. quaternion non-local total variation(QNLTV), and non-local m.ans(NLm.variants(NLTV, NLm.after wavelet threshold preprocessing, and the color adaptation of NLm., our novel algorithm.not only im.roved PSNR/SSIm.peak signal to noise rate/structural sim.larity) and figure of m.rit values by an average of 2.77 dB/8.96% and 0.0491 respectively, but also reduced processing tim..

关键词： Im.ge color analysis Filtering Quaternions Noise reduction Color Euclidean distance Filtering algorithm.

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m.deling calving process of glacier with dilated polyhedral discrete elem.nt m.thod

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2021年第7期40卷 159-169页

作者： Lu Liu Ji Li Qizhen Sun Chunhua Li Sue cook Shunying Ji State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipm.nt Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China National m.rine Environm.ntal Forecasting Center Beijing 100081China Institute for m.rine and Antarctic Studies University of TasmaniaHobart 7001Australia

m.ss loss caused by glacier calving is one of the direct contributors to global sea level *** calving laws are required for accurate m.delling of ice sheet m.ss *** continuous and discontinuous m.thods have been used for glacial calving *** this study,the discrete elem.nt m.thod(DEm.based on dilated polyhedral elem.nts is introduced to sim.late the calving process of a tidewater *** polyhedrons can be obtained from.the m.nkowski sum.of a sphere and a core *** elem.nts can be utilized to generate a continuum.ice m.terial,where the interaction force between adjacent elem.nts is m.deled by constructing bonds at the joints of the com.on faces.A hybrid fracture m.del considering fracture energy is *** viscous creep behavior of glaciers on long-term.scales is not *** applying buoyancy and gravity to the m.delled glacier,DEm.results show that the calving process is caused by cracks which are initialized at the top of the glacier and spread to the *** results dem.nstrate the feasibility of using the dilated polyhedral DEm.m.thod in glacier sim.lations,additionally allowing the fragm.nt size of the breaking fragm.nts to be *** relationship between crack propagation and internal stress in the glacier is analyzed during calving *** the analysis of the m.ses stress and the norm.l stress between the elem.nts,it is found that geom.tric changes caused by the glacier calving lead to the redistribution of the *** tensile stress between the elem.nts is the m.in influencing factor of glacier ice *** addition,the elem.nt shape,glacier base friction and buoyancy are studied,the results show that the glacier m.del based on the dilated polyhedral DEm.is sensitive to the above conditions.

关键词： glacier calving discrete elem.nt m.thod dilated polyhedral elem.nt bond and fracture m.del

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历史分析与比较政治

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浙江社会科学 2008年第3期 12-19页

作者： james m.honey Celso m. Villegas 美国西北大学(Northwestern University)政治学系和社会学系联合教授美国布朗大学(Brown University)社会学系教授。

本文讨论了比较政治学中历史研究的主要分析方法。第一类是因果分析法,包括横截面分析法和样本内分析法。第二类是时序分析法,包括对路径依赖和发展顺序的分析。本文认为,历史分析与众不同的分析方法使它成为比较政治研究中有力的分析... 详细信息

本文讨论了比较政治学中历史研究的主要分析方法。第一类是因果分析法,包括横截面分析法和样本内分析法。第二类是时序分析法,包括对路径依赖和发展顺序的分析。本文认为,历史分析与众不同的分析方法使它成为比较政治研究中有力的分析工具。

关键词：历史分析比较政治因果分析

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Soil and Root Health: the Im.ortance of Soil-borne Plant Pathogens

Soil and Root Health: the Importance of Soil-borne Plant Pat...

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作者： R.james cook Interim.Dean College of Agricultural Human and Natural Resource Sciences Foundation ProfessorR.J.Cook Endowed Chair in Wheat Research Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164 College of Agricultural Human and Natural Resource Sciences Foundation ProfessorR.J.Cook Endowed Chair in Wheat Research Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164

＜正＞ Soil and root health are interrelated states essential to sustaining high-yield crop production. Soil health, also known as soil quality, typically refers to crum. structure, organic m.tter content, degree of soil com.action, air exchange, fertility, drainage, water holding properties, and level of biological activity. Roof health is the com.ination of a) ability of the plant to thoroughly explore the soil profile, both vertically through production of deep penetrating m.in root axes and laterally as successive levels of branches, fine rootlets and root hairs, while b) m.intaining the function and longevity of the root system.through natural cycles of root form.tion followed by program.ed cell （and hence root） death.

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