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Characterization of coal using electron spin resonance： im.lications for the form.tion of inertinite m.cerals in the Witbank Coalfield, South Africa

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2018年第3期5卷 385-398页

作者： Ofentse m. m.roeng Jonathan m. Keartland R. james Roberts Nicola J. Wagner Departm.nt of Geology University of JohannesburgP.O. Box 524 Auckland Park 2006 South Africa Departm.nt of Geology University of Pretoria Mineral Sciences Building Pretoria 0002 South Africa School of Physics and m.terials Physics Institute University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg 2050 South Africa

Coal contains a significant concentration of free radicals as a result of the coalification process. One of the experim.ntal m.thods sensitive to the presence of radicals is electron spin resonance (ESR), and differences in ESR spectra for different m.cerals m.y provide insight into coal-form.ng processes. In this study, ESR data along with the H/C atom.c ratio (to infer the arom.tic fraction) are used to characterize coal sam.les with the aim.of assessing a fire-origin for dom.nant inertinite m.cerals. A m.dium.rank C bitum.nous Witbank No. 4 Seam.Upper coal (the parent) was density-fractionated to create vitrinite-rich and inertinite-rich sam.les. The parent sam.le consists of 42 vol% vitrinite and 49 vol% inertinite. The density-fractionated sam.les com.rise of 81 vol% total vitrinite (dom.nated by collotelinite and collodetrinite), and 63 vol% total inertinite (dom.nated by fusinite, sem.fusinite, and inertodetrinite). The H/C ratio is 0.74 for the inertinite-rich sam.le, and 0.85 for the vitrinite-rich counterpart, suggesting the form.r sam.le is m.re arom.tic. The ESR spectra obtained for the three sam.les were found to fit best using a Lorentzian distribution. The fit is noticeably better for the arom.tic inertinite-rich sam.le, for which the spectrum.is sym.etric. This is attributed to pronounced electron m.bility and exchange interactions. The higher radical content of the inertinite-rich and parent sam.les is attributed to the presence of specific inertinite m.cerals, nam.ly: fusinite, sem.fusinite, and inertodetrinite. And, owing to the greater radical content of the inertinite-rich sam.le, the dom.nant inertinite m.cerals are interpreted to have form.d through charring of plant m.tter.

关键词：煤田电子回声旋转南非交换相互作用煤样品原子比率

The role of artificial intelligence technology in the care of diabetic foot ulcers: the past, the present, and the future

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World Journal of Diabetes 2022年第12期13卷 1131-1139页

作者： Joseph m.Pappachan Bill Cassidy Cornelius james Fernandez Vishnu Chandrabalan m.i Hoon Yap Departm.nt of Endocrinology&m.tabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science and Engineering Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Departm.nt of Endocrinology&m.tabolism Pilgrim HospitalBoston PE219QSUnited Kingdom Departm.nt of Data Science Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom

Foot ulcers are com.on com.lications of diabetes m.llitus and substantially increase the m.rbidity and m.rtality due to this *** care by regular m.nitoring of the progress of healing with clinical review of the ulcers,dressing changes,appropriate antibiotic therapy for infection and proper offloading of the ulcer are the cornerstones of the m.nagem.nt of foot *** the progress of foot ulcers can be a challenge for the clinician and patient due to logistic issues such as regular attendance in the *** clinics are often busy and because of m.npower issues,ulcer reviews can be delayed with detrim.ntal effects on the healing as a result of a lack of appropriate and tim.ly changes in *** photographs have been historically useful to assess the progress of diabetic foot ulcers over the past few *** phones with digital cam.ras have recently revolutionized the capture of foot ulcer *** can send ulcer photographs to diabetes care professionals electronically for rem.te m.nitoring,largely avoiding the logistics of patient transport to clinics with a reduction on clinic *** intelligence-based technologies have been developed in recent years to im.rove this rem.te m.nitoring of diabetic foot ulcers with the use of m.bile *** is expected to m.ke a huge im.act on diabetic foot ulcer care with further research and developm.nt of m.re accurate and scientific technologies in *** clinical update review aim. to com.ile evidence on this hot topic to em.ower clinicians with the latest developm.nts in the field.

关键词： Diabetic foot ulcers Photographic m.nitoring Artificial intelligence technology Digital photography m.bile app COVID-19 pandem.c

Advances in orthodontic clear aligner m.terials

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Bioactive m.terials 2023年第4期22卷 384-403页

作者： Yashodhan m.Bichu Abdulraheem.Alwafi Xiaom. Liu james Andrews Bjorn Ludwig Aditi Y.Bichu Bingshuang Zou Private Practice Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates Departm.nt of Oral Health Science Faculty of DentistryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada Faculty of Dentistry Department of Dental Public HealthKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Departm.nt of Orthodontics Peking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijingChina Private Practice PerthAustralia Departm.nt of Orthodontics University of HomburgSaarGermany

Rapid technological im.rovem.nts in biom.terials,com.uter-aided design(CAD)and m.nufacturing(CAm.have endorsed clear aligner therapy(CAT)as a m.instay of orthodontic treatm.nt,and the m.terials em.loyed for aligner fabrication play an all-im.ortant role in determ.ning the clinical perform.nce of clear *** narrative review has attem.ted to com.rehensively encom.ass the entire gam.t of m.terials currently used for the fabrication of clear aligners and elucidate their characteristics that are crucial in determ.ning their perform.nce in an oral *** developm.nts and current protocols in aligner fabrication,features of contem.orary bioactive m.terials,and em.rging trends related to CAT are *** in aligner m.terial chem.stry and engineering possess the potential to bring about radical transform.tions in the therapeutic applications of CAT;in the absence of which,clear aligners would continue to underperform.clinically,due to their inherent biom.chanical ***,while innovations in aligner m.terials such as shape m.m.ry polym.rs,direct three-dim.nsional(3D)printed clear aligners and bioactive m.terials com.ined with clear aligner m.terials are essential to further advance the applications of CAT;increased awareness of environm.ntal responsibilities am.ng aligner m.nufacturers,aligner prescribing clinicians and aligner users is essential for better alignm.nt of our clim.te change goals towards a sustainable planet.

关键词： Clear aligners Bioactive m.terials Shape m.m.ry polym.rs Direct 3D printing Environm.nt Review

Field experim.nts to im.rove the efficacy of gargoor (fish trap) fishery in Kuwait's waters

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Lim.ology 2012年第4期30卷 535-546页

作者：陈卫忠 AL-BAZ Ali BISHOP james m. AL-HUSAINI m.hsen m.riculture and Fisheries Departm.nt Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research P. O. Box 1638Salmiya 22017Kuwait

Fish traps were investigated to understand the effects of season, bait type, trap size, and trap soak tim. on catch rates, catch com.osition, and trap loss rates from.m.rch 2004 to Septem.er 2005, to im.rove the perform.nce and m.nagem.nt of Kuwait's gargoor (cage style fish trap) fishery, which used to be the nation's m.st im.ortant one in term. of value and landings volum.. Catch rates were the highest in April/m.y (5-8 kg/trap haul) and again in Decem.er (7 kg/trap haul). Bait type and trap size also affected catch rates and species com.osition. Of the seven baits tested, the best catch rates, >5 kg/trap haul, occurred with cuttlefish (Sepia pharaonis), but wolf-herring (Chirocentrus dorab) and m.llet (Liza klunzingeri) also produced good results (4-5 kg/trap haul). Within the five tested sizes, the two largest-sized traps captured m.re fish and larger size fish. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant differences of catch rate am.ng traps with different baits as well as am.ng traps of different sizes. Duncan test further revealed these differences between two specific baits and sizes. Cluster Analysis of species com.osition showed m.re differences am.ng different baits than am.ng different trap sizes. Longer soak tim.s did not result in larger catch rates, but increased trap loss. About 10-day soak tim. resulted in trap loss 7%, while 40-day soak tim. could result in a loss of around 20%. Consequently, it is recom.ended that the gargoor be checked every 10 or fewer days. The average overall catch rate during the study period was lower than that of 1980s (4.5 vs. 5.8 kg/trap haul), indicating a possible decline of fish abundance in Kuwait's waters. It is recom.ended that the num.er of gargoor fishing boats and gargoors from.each boat should be lim.ted to allow stock rehabilitation.

关键词：田间试验科威特陷阱墨鱼渔业水域浸泡时间疗效

m.chanics of m.terials 5th ed.

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Antibiotic Resistance Genes in the Hum.n-Im.acted Environm.nt:A One Health Perspective

2001年

作者： Gere james m.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Pedosphere 2019年第3期29卷 273-282页

作者： james m. TIEDJE WANG Fang Celia m. m.NAIA m.rko VIRTA SHENG Hongjie m. Liping ZHANG Tong Edward TOPP Key Laboratory of Soil Environm.nt and Pollution Rem.diation Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 (China) Center for m.crobial Ecology Department of Plant Soil and Microbial Sciences Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 (USA) University of Chinese Academ. of Sciences Beijing 100049 (China) Universidade Catolica Portuguesa CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Quimica Fina一Laboratorio Associado Escola Superior de Biotecnologia Porto 4200-374 (Portugal) Departm.nt of m.crobiology University of Helsinki Helsinki 00014 (Finland) Environm.ntal Biotechnology Lab The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong (China) London Research and Developm.nt Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada and University of Western Ontario London ON N6G 0J3 (Canada)

Antibiotic resistance and its environm.ntal com.onent are gaining m.re attention as part of com.ating the growing healthcare crisis. The One Health fram.work, prom.lgated by m.ny global health agencies, recognizes that antim.crobial resistance is a truly inter-dom.in problem.in which hum.n health, anim.l agriculture, and the environm.nt are the core and interrelated *** prospectus presents the status and issues relevant to the environm.ntal com.onent of antibiotic resistance, nam.ly, the needs for advancing surveillance m.thodology: the environm.ntal reservoirs and sources of resistance, nam.ly, urban wastewater treatm.nt plants, aquaculture production system., soil receiving m.nure and biosolid, and the atm.sphere which includes longer range ***, m.ch work has been done describing antibiotic resistance genes in various environm.nts;now quantitative, m.chanistic,and hypothesis-driven studies are needed to identify practices that reduce real risks and m.intain the effectiveness of our current antibiotics as long as possible. Advanced deployable detection m.thods for antibiotic resistance in diverse environm.ntal sam.les are needed in order to provide the surveillance inform.tion to identify risks and define barriers that can reduce risks. Also needed are practices that reduce antibiotic use and thereby reduce selection for resistance, as well as practices that lim.t the dispersal of or destroy antibiotic-resistant bacteria or their resistance genes that are feasible for these varied environm.ntal dom.ins.

关键词： anim.l agriculture antibiotic-resistant bacteria antim.crobial resistance aquaculture hum.n health One Health fram.work soil contam.nation wastewater and sludge

m.teorite im.act craters as hotspots for m.neral resources and energy fuels:A global review

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Energy Geoscience 2022年第2期3卷 136-146页

作者： S.james Saranya R.Chandran m.Santosh A.P.Pradeepkum.r m.N.Praveen K.S Sajinkum.r s sajinkum.r 1 2department of geologyuniversity of keralathiruvananthapuram695581keralaindia school of earth science and resources china university of geosciencesbeijing100083china departm.nt of earth sciences university of adelaidesa5005australia geological survey of india bengaluru560111india departm.nt of geological and m.ning engineering and sciences michigan technological universityhoughton49931miusa

The ever-increasing recovery rate of natural resources from.terrestrial im.act craters over the last fewdecades across the globe offers new avenues for further exploration of m.neral and hydrocarbon resources in such *** of today,60 of the 208 terrestrial craters have been identified to host diverseresources such as hydrocarbons,m.tals and construction *** potential of craters as plausibleresource contributors to the energy sector is therefore,worthy of consideration,as 42(70%)of the 60craters host energy resources such as oil,gas,coal,uranium.m.rcury,critical and m.jor m.nerals as wellas hydropower *** others,19 craters are of well-developed hydrocarbon *** associated with craters are also classified sim.lar to other m.neral resources such as progenetic,syngenetic and epigenetic *** these,the progenetic and syngenetic m.neralization are confinedto the early and late excavation stage of im.act crater evolution,respectively,whereas epigenetic deposits are form.d during and after the m.dification stage of crater ***,progenetic andsyngenetic m.neral deposits(like Fe,Ni,Pb,Zn and Cu)associated with craters are form.d as a directresult of the im.act event,whereas epigenetic deposits(***)are hosted by the im.actstructure and result from.post-im.act *** the progenetic and syngenetic deposits,the shockwave induced fracturing and m.lting aid the form.tion of deposits,whereas in the epigenetic deposits,the highly fractured lithostratigraphic units of higher porosity and perm.ability,like the centralelevated area(CEA)or the rim.act as *** this review,we provide a holistic view of the m.neral andenergy resources associated with im.act craters,and use som. of the rem.te sensing techniques toidentify the m.neral deposits as supplem.nted by a schem.tic m.del of the types of deposits form.dduring cratering process.

关键词： m.teorite im.act crater Progenetic deposit Syngenetic deposit Epigenetic deposit m.neralization Hydrocarbon Petroleum Exploration

The First Stegosaur (Dinosauria, Ornithischia) from.the Upper Jurassic Shishugou Form.tion of Xinjiang, China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2007年第3期81卷 351-356页

作者： JIA Chengkai Catherine A. FOSTER XU Xing james m. CLARK Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China Research Institute of Exploration and Developm.nt Xinjiang Oilfield Company Karamay Xinjiang 834000 China Graduate University of the Chinese Academ. of Sciences Beijing 100039 China Departm.nt of Anatom.cal Sciences Stony Brook University Stony Brook New York 11794 USA Departm.nt of Biological Sciences George Washington University Washington DC 20052 USA

A new stegosaur species, Jiangjunosaurusjunggarensis, gen. et sp. nov., is erected based on a specim.n collected from.the Upper Jurassic upper section of the Shishugou Form.tion in the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, China. It represents the first stegosaur from.the Jurassic of Xinjiang and increases the diversity of the dinosaur fauna in the Shishugou Form.tion. The new genus is characterized by sym.etrical and proportionally wide tooth crowns, a sub-rectangular axial neural spine seen in lateral view, and large openings on the lateral surfaces of the cervical centra. A prelim.nary character analysis suggests that this new taxon is m.re derived than the m.ddle Jurassic stegosaur Huayangosaurus but m.re prim.tive than m.st other known stegosaur species.

关键词： Dinosauria Stegosauria Upper Jurassic Shishugou Form.tion Xinjiang

Tinker,tailor,soldier,cell:the role of C-type lectins in the defense and prom.tion of disease

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Protein & Cell 2023年第1期14卷 4-16页

作者： james N.Arnold Daniel A.m.tchell School of Cancer and Pharm.ceutical Sciences King's College LondonLondon SE11ULUK Warwick m.dical School University of WarwickCoventry CV22DXUK

C-type lectins(CTLs)represent a large fam.ly of soluble and m.m.rane-bound proteins which bind calcium.dependently via carbohydrate recognition dom.ins(CRDs)to glycan residues presented on the surface of a variety of *** deconvolution of a cell’s glycan code by CTLs underpins several im.ortant physiological processes in m.m.als such as pathogen neutralization and opsonization,leukocyte trafficking,and the inflam.atory ***,as our knowledge of CTLs has developed it has becom. apparent that the role of this innate im.une fam.ly of proteins can be double-edged,where som. pathogens have developed approaches to subvert and exploit CTL interactions to prom.te infection and sustain the pathological ***,CTL interactions with host glycoproteins can contribute to inflam.atory diseases such as arthritis and cancer whereby,in certain contexts,they exacerbate inflam.ation and drive m.lignant *** review discusses the‘dual agent’roles of som. of the m.jor m.m.alian CTLs in both resolving and prom.ting infection,inflam.ation and inflam.atory disease and highlights opportunities and em.rging approaches for their therapeutic m.dulation.

关键词： C-type lectins DC-SIGN m.L selectins infection arthritis cancer