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A planar defect spin sensor in a two-dimensional material susceptible to strain and electric fields

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 775-782页

作者： Péter Udvarhelyi Tristan Clua-Provost Alrik Durand Jiahan Li james h.Edgar Bernard Gil Guillaume Cassabois Vincent Jacques Adam Gali Wigner Research Centre for Physics P.O.Box 49H-1525 BudapestHungary Budapest University of Technology and Economics Institute of PhysicsDepartment of Atomic PhysicsMűegyetem rakpart 3.1111 BudapestHungary Laboratoire Charles Coulomb Universitéde Montpellier and CNRS34095 MontpellierFrance Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA

The boron-vacancy spin defect(V_(B)^(-))in hexagonal boron nitride(hBN)has a great potential as a quantum sensor in a two-dimensional material that can directly probe various external perturbations in atomic-scale proximity to the quantum sensing ***,we apply first-principles calculations to determine the coupling of the VB electronic spin to strain and electric *** work unravels the interplay between local piezoelectric and elastic effects contributing to the final response to the electric *** theoretical predictions are then used to analyse optically detected magnetic resonance(ODMR)spectra recorded on hBN crystals containing different densities of V_(B)^(-) *** prove that the orthorhombic zero-field splitting parameter results from local electric fields produced by surrounding charge *** work paves the way towards applications of V_(B)^(-) centres for quantitative electric field imaging and quantum sensing under pressure.

关键词： defect quantum boron

Narrow band imaging evaluation of duodenal villi in patients with and without celiac disease:A prospective study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2019年第2期11卷 145-154页

作者： james h.tabibian Jean F Perrault Joseph A Murray Konstantinos A Papadakis Felicity T Enders Christopher J Gostout Division of Gastroenterology and hepatology Mayo Clinic Division of Gastroenterology Olive View-UCLA Medical Center Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics Mayo Clinic

BACKGROUND Duodenal biopsies are commonly obtained during esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD) but are very often histopathologically normal. Therefore, a more strategic method for evaluating the duodenal mucosa and avoiding unnecessary biopsies is *** To examine the clinical utility of narrow band imaging(NBI) for evaluating duodenal villous *** We performed a prospective cohort study of adult patients at Mayo Clinic Rochester from 2013-2014 who were referred for EGD with duodenal biopsies. A staff endoscopist scored, in real-time, the NBI-based appearance of duodenal villi into one of three categories(normal, partial villous atrophy, or complete villous atrophy), captured ≥ 2 representative duodenal NBI images, and obtained mucosal biopsies therein. Images were then scored by an advanced endoscopist and gastroenterology fellow, and biopsies(gold standard) by a pathologist, in a masked fashion using the same three-category classification. Performing endoscopist, advanced endoscopist, and fellow NBI scores were compared to histopathology to calculate performance characteristics [sensitivity, specificity,positive and negative, negative predictive value(NPV), and accuracy]. Inter-rater agreement was assessed with Cohen's ***112 patients were included. The most common referring indications were dyspepsia(47%), nausea(23%), and suspected celiac disease(14%). Duodenal histopathology scores were: 84% normal, 11% partial atrophy, and 5% complete atrophy. Performing endoscopist NBI scores were 79% normal, 14% partial atrophy, and 6% complete atrophy compared to 91%, 5%, and 4% and 70%, 24%,and 6% for advanced endoscopist and fellow, respectively. NBI performed favorably for all raters, with a notably high(92%-100%) NPV. NBI score agreement was best between performing endoscopist and fellow(κ = 0.65).CONCLUSION NBI facilitates accurate, non-invasive evaluation of duodenal villi. Its high NPV renders it especially useful for foregoing biopsies of hi

关键词： Endoscopy Digestive tract Mucosa Celiac disease Minimally-invasive imaging Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

Textile waste-an opportunity as well as a threat

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Green Carbon 2023年第2期1卷 146-149页

作者： james h.Clark Circa Renewable Chemistry Institute Green Chemistry Centre of ExcellenceUniversity of YorkYork YO105DDUK

Clothing and textiles are very challenging to recycle due to the fact that they are nearly always a blend of fibres from different types of *** are some promising early indications that new green solvents including CyreneTM and TMO as well as some simple ionic liquids can be used to aid recycling of complex fabrics by selective dissolution of one of the component polymers.A viable process for the future valorisation of many waste fabrics should be designed to maximise the creation of valuable product streams while also minimising any waste.

关键词： Textile waste Molecular recycling Green solvents Complexity

Association between tourniquet use and intraoperative blood loss during below-knee amputation

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第7期13卷 644-651页

作者： Alden E Wyland Erik Woelber Liam h Wong Jordan Arakawa Zachary M Working james Meeker School of Medicine Oregon Health and Sciences UniversityPortlandOR 97239United States Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Oregon Health and Sciences UniversityPortlandOR 97239United States

BACKGROUND Despite over 150000 amputations of lower limbs annually,there remains a wide variation in tourniquet practice patterns and no consensus on their necessity,especially among orthopedic patient *** purpose of this study was to determine whether tourniquet use in orthopedic patients undergoing below knee amputation(BKA) was associated with a difference in calculated blood loss relative to no tourniquet *** To determine if tourniquet use in orthopedic patients undergoing BKA was associated with a difference in calculated blood loss relative to no tourniquet *** We performed a retrospective review of consecutive patients undergoing BKA by orthopedic surgeons at a tertiary care hospital from 2008 through *** loss was calculated using a combination of the Nadler equation for preoperative blood volume and a novel formula utilizing preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin levels and *** and forwards step-wise multivariate linear regressions were performed to determine the association between tourniquet use and blood loss.A Wilcoxon was used to determine the univariate relationship between tourniquet use and blood loss for in the restricted subgroups of patients who underwent BKA for trauma,tumor,and *** Of 97 eligible patients identified,67 underwent surgery with a tourniquet and 30 did *** multivariate regression,tourniquet use was associated with a 488 mL decrease in calculated blood loss(CI 119-857,P = 0.01).In subgroup analysis,no individual group showed a statistically significant decrease in blood loss with tourniquet *** was no significant association between tourniquet use and either postoperative transfusions or reoperation at one *** We found that tourniquet use during BKA is associated with decreased calculated intraoperative blood *** recommend that surgeons performing this procedure use a tourniquet to minimize blood loss.

关键词： Amputation Tourniquet Blood loss hemostasis

Exploring the association of paid sick leave with healthcare utilization and health outcomes in the United States:a rapid evidence review

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Global health Journal 2023年第1期7卷 9-17页

作者： Suhang Song Brian h.Calhoun james E.Kucik Kristin J.Konnyu Renata hilson Policy Research Analysisand Development OfficeOffice of the Associate Director for Policy and StrategyUS Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGA 30329USA The Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Oak RidgeTN 37830USA Department of health Policy and Management College of Public HealthUniversity of GeorgiaAthenGA 30602USA Center for Evidence Synthesis in health School of Public HealthBrown UniversityProvidence RI02912USA

Objective:Paid sick leave(PSL)laws mandate employers give workers paid time off when they are sick or *** current study aims to examine whether access to PSL is associated with healthcare utilization and health outcomes and to summarize the types of utilization and outcomes which have been reported to be associated with ***:We conducted a rapid evidence *** search of seven databases,including Medline,Embase,PsycINFO,Cochrane Library,CINAhL,Scopus,and JSTOR,on September 21,2020,identified 757 studies,30 of which were ***:Previous evidence is mostly provided by cross-sectional studies with survey *** this study,evidence suggests that PSL is significantly associated with some types of healthcare utilization and health *** terms of healthcare utilization,findings indicate PSL is associated with an increase in the use of some preventive sendees and a decrease in the use of emergency care;while findings are mixed regarding associations of PSL with health provider visits and the use of mammograms and pap *** for health outcomes,findings suggest PSL is associated with improved mental and self-rated health,decreased incidence of influenza-like illness,and lower occupational injuries and mortality ***:PSL may be an effective tool in improving some healthcare utilization and health *** research could help identify mechanisms through which PSL access works and identify what policy components lead to better outcomes.

关键词： Paid sick leave healthcare utilization health outcomes Rapid evidence revie

Imagery Enhancement and Interpretation for Remote Visual Inspection of Aging Civil Infrastructure

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2008年第S1期13卷 375-380页

作者： Lucio Soibelman james h Garrett Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Carnegie Mellon University

In this paper, we describe an image enhancement and interpretation methodology to enhance and recognize surface defects and critical patterns from remote imagery of sewer pipeline inspection. The objective is to provide inspectors and professionals with better tools to allow them to examine the imagery for condition assessment. We present initial results of a collaboration with a robotic company through a case study on computer-assisted processing and interpretation of sewer pipeline inspection imagery. In the mean time, the described enhancement and interpretation methodology can also be applied to sewer pipeline condition assessment in an offline mode, where this methodology can support professionals’ examination of acquired sewer condition imagery.

关键词： remote visual inspection infrastructure assessment image processing and analysis defects region of interest detection classification

Roles of Financial Innovation and Information Technology:Lessons from US Sub-prime Mortgage Crisis and Its Implications for China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2012年第3期22卷 343-355页

作者： james h LENZER JR Simon Xiaobin ZhAO International Center for China Development Studies & Department of Geography Faculty of Social Sciencesthe University of Hong KongHong KongChina

The mortgage loan has evolved from a local lending instrument into a major global security and its role is unparallel to other financial instruments in the process of financial *** paper explains how technology and financial innovation transformed the mortgage loan from a local security into a premier global security traded *** examines the fundamental flaws of this process and why it does not work in regards to mortgage lending and the re-securitization products that were created through financial *** findings show that regulation was unable to keep pace with financial innovation,which created an environment where actors in the financial service sector were able to behave geographically irresponsibly by using information asymmetries to their advantage by participating in moral hazard activities and engaging in other immoral and unethical business practices that were centered around localized geography,which ultimately contributed to the global financial *** also examines the roll of financial innovation in regard to the Lehman Brothers Mini-Bond in hong and its role as a driving force behind China's newly emerging shadow banking *** concludes with a policy recommendation and its implication for China's continued economic development.

关键词：金融创新中国经济信息技术美国安全技术道德风险按揭贷款金融工具

Ground-based and additional science support for SMILE

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 275-298页

作者： J.A.Carter M.Dunlop C.Forsyth K.Oksavik E.Donovon A.Kavanagh S.E.Milan T.Sergienko R.C.Fear D.G.Sibeck M.Connors T.Yeoman X.Tan M.G.G.T.Taylor K.McWilliams J.Gjerloev R.Barnes D.D.Billet G.Chisham A.Dimmock M.P.Freeman D.-S.han M.D.hartinger S.-Y.W.hsieh Z.-J.hu M.K.james L.Juusola K.Kauristie E.A.Kronberg M.Lester J.Manuel J.Matzka I.McCrea Y.Miyoshi J.Rae L.Ren F.Sigernes E.Spanswick K.Sterne A.Steuwer T.Sun M.-T.Walach B.Walsh C.Wang J.Weygand J.Wild J.Yan J.Zhang Q.-h.Zhang Planetary Sciences Group School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterUniversity RoadLeicesterLE17RHUK Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Space Science Technology Facilities CouncilOxfordshireUK School of Space and Environment Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Space Environment Monitoring and Information Processing Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyBeijing 100017China Department of Space and Climate Physics UCLMullard Space Science LaboratoryHolmbury St.MaryDorkingSurreyRH56NTUK Birkeland Centre for Space Science Department of Physics and Technology.University of BergenBergenNorway Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Calgary2500 University DriveCalgaryAlbertaCanada T2N 1N4 British Antarctic Survey CambridgeUK Swedish Institute of Space Physics KirunaSweden West highfield Campus University of SouthamptonUniversity RoadSO171BJUK Goddard Space Flight Center NASAGreenbeltMarylandUSA Athabasca University AthabascaCanada ESTEC European Space AgencyNetherlands University of Saskatchewan SaskatoonCanada The Johns hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory LaurelMarylandUSA Swedish Institude of Space Physics UppsalaSE 75121Sweden Tongji University Shanghai 200092China Center for Space Plasma Physics Space Science Institute4765 Walnut Street Suite BBoulderColorado80301USA Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai 200136China Finnish Meteorological Institute(FMI) Finland Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences(Geophysics) Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich(LMU)MunichTheresienstr.41MunichD-80333Germany Canadian Space Agency MontrealCanada GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences PotsdamGermany Nagoya University Institute for Space Earth Environment ResearchCenter for Integrated Data ScienceNagoyaAichiJP 464-8601 Northumbria University Newcastle upon TyneTyne and WearUK NE18ST National Space Science Center Chinese Academy SciencesBeijing 100190China Arctic Geophysics University Centre in Svalbard

The joint European Space Agency and Chinese Academy of Sciences Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)mission will explore global dynamics of the magnetosphere under varying solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field conditions,and simultaneously monitor the auroral response of the Northern hemisphere *** these large-scale responses with medium and fine-scale measurements at a variety of cadences by additional ground-based and space-based instruments will enable a much greater scientific impact beyond the original goals of the SMILE ***,we describe current community efforts to prepare for SMILE,and the benefits and context various experiments that have explicitly expressed support for SMILE can offer.A dedicated group of international scientists representing many different experiment types and geographical locations,the Ground-based and Additional Science Working Group,is facilitating these *** include constructing an online SMILE Data Fusion Facility,the discussion of particular or special modes for experiments such as coherent and incoherent scatter radar,and the consideration of particular observing strategies and spacecraft *** anticipate growing interest and community engagement with the SMILE mission,and we welcome novel ideas and insights from the solar-terrestrial community.

关键词： magnetosphere ionosphere magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling ground-based experimentation SMILE conjunctions missions

Kartogenin induces cartilage-like tissue formation in tendon–bone junction

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Bone Research 2014年第1期2卷 61-70页

作者： Jianying Zhang james h-C Wang MechanoBiology Laboratory Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery Bioengineering Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation University of Pittsburgh

Tendon-bone junctions （TBJs） are frequently injured, especially in athletic settings. healing of TBJ injuries is slow and is often repaired with scar tissue formation that compromises normal function. This study explored the feasibility of using kartogenin （KGN）, a biocompound, to enhance the healing of injured TBJs. We first determined the effects of KGN on the proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of rabbit bone marrow stromal cells （BMSCs） and patellar tendon stern/progenitor cells （PTSCs） in vitro. KGN enhanced cell proliferation in both cell types in a concentration-dependent manner and induced chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells, as demonstrated by high expression levels of chondrogenic markers aggrecan, collagen II and Sox-9. Besides, KGN induced the formation of cartilage-like tissues in cell cultures, as observed through the staining of abundant proteoglycans, collagen II and osteocalcin. When injected into intact rat patellar tendons in vivo, KGN induced cartilage-like tissue formation in the injected area. Similarly, when KGN was injected into experimentally injured rat Achilles TBJs, wound healing in the TBJs was enhanced, as evidenced by the formation of extensive cartilage-like tissues. These results suggest that KGN may be used as an effective cell-free clinical therapy to enhance the healing of injured TBJs.

关键词： bone junction BMSCs