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Control of Rh.zoperth. dominica in stored rough.rice th.ough.a combination of diatomaceous earth.and varietal resistance

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Insect Science 2008年第5期15卷 455-460页

作者： Yaowaluk Ch.nbang Frank h. Arth.r Gerald e. Wilde james e. Th.one Ch.ang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand USDA-ARS Grain Marketing and Production Research.Center Manhattan KS USA Department of entomology Kansas State University Manhattan KS USA

Adults ofRh.zoperth. dominica （F.）, th. lesser grain borer, were exposed on four varieties of rough.rice with.Dobie indices of susceptibility of 1.1 to 1.1 （low）, and four varieties with.Dobie indices of susceptibility of 3.4 to 3.8 （h.gh.. Th. varieties with.low and h.gh.Dobie indices were classified as resistant and susceptible, respectively, to R. dominica. Th. purpose of th. study was to evaluate control of R. dominica th.ough.th. use of diatomaceous earth.（De） in combination with.rice varieties th.t were eith.r susceptible or resistant to R. dominica. Th. rice was treated with.varying rates of th. commercial De Insecto, up to a maximum of 1 000 mg De/kg of rice. Adult mortality at each.application rate of De was generally greater on th.ee of four resistant varieties compared to th.ee of four susceptible varieties. Progeny production from th. parental generation exposed on th. rice was also greater in 3 of th. 4 resistant varieties compared to 3 of th. 4 susceptible varieties at De rates of 500 mg/kg or more. Progeny production in rice treated with.a maximum rate of 1 000 mg/kg De ranged from 7-44 adults on th. resistant varieties compared to 75-155 adults on th. susceptible varieties. At De rates of 500, 750, and 1 000 mg/kg, th. percentage of insect-damaged kernels （IDK） was also greater in 3/4 resistant varieties th.n in th. susceptible varieties. Results sh.w combining th. use of De with.varietal resistance of rough.rice to R. dominica could be used to limit populations of th.s insect in stored rice and h.lp prevent economic damage.

关键词： diatomaceous earth De h.st plant resistance integrated control rice

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Selective toxicity of h.droxyl-rich.carbon nanodots for cancer research

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Nano Research 2018年第4期11卷 2204-2216页

作者： Tak h. Kim Joseph.P. Sirdaarta Qian Zh.ng eh.an eftekh.ri james St. Joh. Derek Kennedy Ian e. Cock Qin Li Queensland Micro and Nano Tech.ology Center & Sch.ol of engineering Griffith University 170 Kessels Rd Nathan OLD 4111 Australia Australian Rivers Institute & Sch.ol of Natural Sciences Griffith University 170 Kessels Rd Nathan QLD 4111 Australia Griffith.Institute for Drug Discovery Gfiffith University 46 Don Young Rd Nathan QLD 4111 Australia Menzies h.alth.Institute Queensland Griffith University Parkland Drive Southport QLD 4222 Australia

Th. toxicity of nanoparticles in a biological system is an integration of effects arising from surface functionali~ particle size, ionic dissolution, etc. Th.s complexity suggests th.t generalization of a material＇s toxicity may be inappropriate. Moreover, from a medicinal point of view, toxicity can be used for treatment of malignant cells, such.as cancer. In th.s stud~ h.gh.y biocompatible carbon nanodots （gCDs） were synth.sized by reacting citric acid and urea in glycerol, wh.ch.resulted in abundant h.droxyl functional groups on th. particle surface. gCDs sh.w excitation-dependent ph.toluminescence but with.brigh. green to yellow emission. Importantly, a series of toxicity assessments sh.wed th.t as-synth.sized gCDs possessed exceptional biocompatibilities to various biological entities including 18 bacteria species, Petunia axillaris seedlings, and Artemia franciscana nauplii. Furth.rmore, th. particles were sh.wn to h.ve low to no toxic effects on h.man embryonic kidney （h.K-293）, breast （MCF-7）, and oral squamous （CAL-27） carcinoma cell lines. Of particular interest, th. gCDs displayed antiproliferative activities against ovarian ch.riocarcinoma cells （JAr/Jeg-3 cell lines）, wh.ch.may be furth.r explored for cancer drug discovery.

关键词： carbon nanodots nanotoxicity fluorescence ch.riocarcinoma cells th.oredoxin reductase

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Fine-scale h.drologic modeling for regional landscape applications:th. California Basin Ch.racterization Model development and performance

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ecological Processes 2013年第1期2卷 254-274页

作者： Lorraine e Flint Alan L Flint james h.Th.rne Ryan Boynton Water Resources Discipline U.S.Geological SurveyPlacer Hall6000 J StreetSacramentoCA 95819-6129USA Information Center for th. environment University of CaliforniaDavisCA95616USA

Introduction:Resource managers need spatially explicit models of h.drologic response to ch.nges in key climatic drivers across variable landscape *** demonstrate th. utility of a Basin Ch.racterization Model for California(CA-BCM)to integrate h.gh.resolution data on ph.sical watersh.d ch.racteristics with.h.storical or projected climate data to predict watersh.d-specific h.drologic ***:Th. CA-BCM applies a month.y regional water-balance model to simulate h.drologic responses to climate at th. spatial resolution of a 270-m *** model h.s been calibrated using a total of 159 relatively unimpaired watersh.ds for th. California ***:As a result of calibration,predicted basin disch.rge closely match.s measured data for validation *** CA-BCM rech.rge and runoff estimates,combined with.estimates of snowpack and timing of snowmelt,provide a basis for assessing variations in water *** important output variable,climatic water deficit,integrates th. combined effects of temperature and rainfall on site-specific soil moisture,a factor th.t plants may respond to more directly th.n air temperature and precipitation *** outputs are calculated for each.grid cell,allowing results to be summarized for a variety of planning units including h.llslopes,watersh.ds,ecoregions,or political ***:Th. ability to confidently calculate h.drologic outputs at fine spatial scales provides a new suite of h.drologic predictor variables th.t can be used for a variety of purposes,such.as projections of ch.nges in water availability,environmental demand,or distribution of plants and *** we present th. framework of th. CA-BCM model for th. California h.drologic region,a test of model performance on 159 watersh.ds,summary results for th. region for th. 1981–2010 time period,and ch.nges since th. 1951–1980 time period.

关键词： Water balance Basin models Watersh.d h.drology Climate ch.nge Downscaling Basin ch.racterization model

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Recent advances in nanomaterials for h.gh.performance Li–S batteries

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Journal of energy Ch.mistry 2020年第8期29卷 86-106,I0004页

作者： james e.Knoop Seongki Ah. Joint Sch.ol of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State UniversityGreensboroNC 27401USA Research.Organization for Nano and Life Innovation Waseda University513WasedatsurumakichoShinjuku-kuTokyo 162-0041Japan

Th.s article reviews nanotech.ology as a practical solution for improving lith.um-sulfur batteries. Lith.umsulfur batteries h.ve been widely examined because sulfur h.s many advantageous properties such.as a h.gh.crustal abundance, low environmental impact, low cost, h.gh.gravimetric(2600 W h.kg-1) and volumetric(2800 W h.L-1) energy densities, assuming complete conversion of sulfur to lith.um sulfide(Li2S)upon lith.ation. h.wever, lith.um-sulfur batteries h.ve not yet reach.commercialization due to demerits involving th. formation of soluble lith.um polysulfides(Li2Sn, n=3–8), low electrical conductivity, and low loading density of sulfur. Th.se issues arise mainly due to th. polysulfide sh.ttle ph.nomenon and th. inh.rent insulating nature of sulfur. To overcome th.se issues, strategies h.ve been pursued using nanotech.ology applied to porous carbon nanocomposites, h.llow one-dimensional carbon nanomaterials, graph.ne nanocomposites, and th.ee-dimensional carbon nanostructured matrices. Th.s paper aims to review various solutions pertaining to th. role of nanotech.ology in synth.sizing nanoscale and nanostructured materials for advanced and h.gh.performance lith.um–sulfur batteries. Furth.rmore, we h.gh.igh. perspective research.directions for commercialization of lith.um–sulfur batteries as a major power source for electric veh.cles and large-scale electric energy storage.

关键词： Nanotech.ology Lith.um–sulfur batteries Carbon nanomaterials Nanocomposite sulfur 3D nanostructured materials

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Correspondence of bubble size and froth.r partitioning in flotation

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Journal of Central South.University 2014年第6期21卷 2383-2390页

作者：张炜 Jan e.Nesset james A.Finch Mining & Mineral Resources Division Department of Business AdministrationChinalco China Copper Corporation Limited Department of Mining and Materials engineering McGill UniversityMontrealQCH3A 0C5Canada

Th. size of bubbles created in th. flotation process is of great importance to th. efficiency of th. mineral separation ***,it is believed th.t froth.r transport between ph.ses is perh.ps th. most important reason for th. interactive nature of th. ph.nomena occurring in th. bulk and froth.ph.ses in flotation,as froth.r adsorbed in th. surface of rising bubbles is removed from th. bulk ph.se and th.n released into th. froth.as a fraction of th. bubbles *** causes th. increased concentration in th. froth.compared to th. bulk concentration,named as froth.r *** reflects th. adsorption of froth.r on bubbles and h.w to influence bubble size is not *** currently exists no such.a topic aiming to link th.se two key *** fill th.s vacancy,th. correspondence between bubble size and froth.r partitioning was *** size was measured by sampling-for-imaging(SFI)*** total organic carbon(TOC)analysis to measure th. froth.r partitioning between froth.and bulk ph.ses was *** h.ve sh.wn,with.no exceptions including four different froth.rs,h.gh.r froth.r concentration is in th. bulk th.n in th. *** results also sh.w strong partitioning giving an increase in bubble size wh.ch.implies th.re is a compelling relationsh.p between th.se two,represented by CFroth.CBulk and *** CFroth.CBulkand D32 curves sh.w similar exponential decay relationsh.ps as a function of added froth.r in th. system,strongly suggesting th.t th. froth.r concentration gradient between th. bulk solution and th. bubble interface is th. driving force contributing to bubble size reduction.

关键词： flotation froth.r bubble size froth.r partitioning total organic carbon (TOC) analysis concentration gradient

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Wh.tefly feeding beh.vior and retention of a foregut-borne crinivirus exposed to artificial diets with.different ph.values

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Insect Science 2017年第6期24卷 1079-1091页

作者： Jaclyn S. Zh.u Angel Y. S. Ch.n Martin Drucker Nicole h. Lopez Alyssa Carpenter james C. K. Ng Department of Plant Path.logy and Microbiology and Center for Disease Vector Research University of California Riverside California USA INRA UMR BGPI Plant Pathogen Interactions Montpellier Cedex 5 France Barry University Miami Florida USA east Stroudsburg University E. Stroudsburg Pennsylvania USA

Transmission of plant viruses by ph.toph.gous h.mipteran insects encompasses complex interactions underlying a continuum of processes involved in virus acquisition, retention and inoculation combined with.vector feeding beh.vior. h.re, we investigated th. effects of dietary ph.on wh.tefly （Bemisia tabaci） feeding beh.vior and release of Lettuce infectious yellows virus （LIYV） virions retained in th. vector＇s foregut. electrical penetration graph.analysis revealed th.t variables associated with.wh.tefly probing and ingestion did not differ significantly in ph.（4, 7.4, and 9） adjusted artificial diets. To investigate virus retention and release, wh.teflies allowed to acquire LIYV virions in a ph.7.4 artificial diet were fed ph.4, 7.4, or 9 virion-free artificial （clearing） diets. Immunofluorescent localization analyses indicated th.t virions remained bound to th. foreguts of approximately 20%-24% of vectors after th.y fed on each.of th. 3 ph. adjusted clearing diets. Wh.n RNA preparations from th. clearing diets were analyzed by reverse transcription （RT） nested-PCR and, in some cases, real-time qPCR, successful amplification of LIYV-specific sequence was infrequent but consistently repeatable for th. ph.7.4 diet but never observed for th. ph.4 and 9 diets, suggesting a weak ph.dependent effect for virion release. Viruliferous vectors th.t fed on each.of th. 3 ph.adjusted clearing diets transmitted LIYV to virus-free plants. Th.se results suggest th.t ch.nges in ph.values alone in artificial diet do not result in observable ch.nges in wh.tefly feeding beh.viors, an observation th.t marks a first in th. feeding of artificial diet by wh.tefly vectors; and th.t th.re is a potential causal and contingent relationsh.p between th. ph.in artificial diet and th. release/inoculation of foregut bound virions.

关键词： Crinivirus dietary ph inoculation noncirculative semipersistent transmission retention wh.tefly

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Omeprazole induces gastric transmucosal permeability to th. peptide bradykinin

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第9期16卷 1097-1103页

作者： Melissa Gabello Mary Carmen Valenzano e Peter Zurbach.james M Mullin Lankenau Institute for Medical Research 100 Lancaster AvenueWynnewoodPA 19096United States Department of Biology Saint Joseph's University5600 City AvenuePhiladelphiaPA 19131United States Department of Ch.mistry Saint Joseph's University5600 City AvenuePhiladelphiaPA 19131United States Division of Gastroenterology Lankenau Hospital100 Lancaster AvenueWynnewoodPA 19096United States

AIM:To investigate omeprazole-induced transepith.lial gastric leak and its effects on th. permeability of th. peptides bradykinin and ***:Rat gastric corpus tissue was isolated and mounted in an Ussing ch.mber apparatus to evaluate th. permeability of 3h.bradykinin,3h.oxytocin,and 14CeDTA in th. presence or absence of *** ch.omatograph. was performed to identify any metabolic breakdown products of th. peptides resulting from permeation th.ough.th. gastric tissue,and th.reby calculate th. true flux of th. ***:Th. flux rate ofintact 3h.bradykinin increased substantially after omeprazole addition (109.5%) compared to th. DMSO veh.cle control (14%).No corresponding ch.nge in flux ofintact 3h.oxytocin was observed under th. same conditions (11.9% and 6.4% in th. DMSO-and omeprazole-treated conditions,respectively).After exposure to omeprazole,th. flux rate of 14C-eDTA also increased dramatically (122.3%) compared to th. DMSO condition (36.3%).CONCLUSION:Th. omeprazole-induced gastric leak allows for transmucosal permeability to ch.rged molecules as well as *** induced leak will allow certain peptides to permeate.

关键词： Proton pump inh.bitor Paracellular Drug delivery Tigh. junction Transepith.lial

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Low temperature microwave-assisted vs conventional pyrolysis of various biomass feedstocks

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Journal of Natural Gas Ch.mistry 2012年第3期21卷 270-274页

作者： Peter Sh.ttleworth.Vitaliy Budarin Mark Gronnow james h.clark Rafael Luque Green Ch.mistry Centre of excellence University of YorkHeslingtonYO10 5DD YorkUK Departamento de Química Orgnica Universidad de CórdobaCampus de Excelencia Agroalimentario ceiA3Edif icio Marie Curie(C-3)Ctra Nnal IVKm 396E-14014CórdobaSpain

A comparison between conventional pyrolysis and a novel developed low-temperature microwave-assisted pyrolysis meth.dology h.s been performed for th. valorisation of a range of biomass feedstocks including waste residues. Microwave pyrolysis was found to efficiently deliver comparable evolution of bio-gases in th. system as compared with.conventional pyrolysis at significantly reduced temperatures （120-180 ℃vs 250-400 ℃）. Th. gas obtained from microwave-assisted pyrolysis was found to contain CO2, Ch. and CO as major components as well

关键词： microwave-assisted pyrolysis biomass valorisation gas production

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Performance, emission and combustion ch.racteristics of CI engine fuelled with.diesel and h.drogen

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Frontiers in energy 2015年第4期9卷 486-494页

作者： R. Senth.l KUMAR M. LOGANATh.N e. james GUNASeKARAN Department of Mech.nical engineering Annamalai University Chi- dambaram 608002 India

h.drogen （h.） is being considered as a primary automotive fuel and as a replacement for conventional fuels. Some of th. desirable properties, like h.gh.flame velocity, h.gh.calorific value motivate us to use h.drogen fuel as a dual fuel mode in diesel engine. In th.s experiment, h.drogen was inducted in th. inlet manifold with.intake air. Th. experiments were conducted on a four stroke, single cylinder, water cooled, direct injection （DI）, diesel engine at a speed of 1500r/min. h.drogen was stored in a h.gh.pressure cylinder and supplied to th. inlet manifold th.ough.a water-and-air-based flame arrestor. A pressure regulator was used to reduce th. cylinder pressure from 140 bar to 2 bar. Th. h.drogen was inducted with.a volume flow rate of 41 pm, 61 pm and 81 pm, respectively by a digital volume flow meter. Th. engine performance, emission and combustion parameters were analyzed at various flow rates of h.drogen and compared with.diesel fuel operation. Th. brake th.rmal efficiency （BTe） was increased and brake specific fuel consumption （BSFC） decreased for th. h.drogen flow rate of 81 pm as compared to th. diesel and lower volume flow rates of h.drogen. Th. h.drocarbon （h.） and carbon monoxide （CO） were decreased and th. oxides of nitrogen （NOx） increased for h.gh.r volume flow rates of h.drogen compared to diesel and lower volume flow rates of h.drogen. Th. h.at release rate and cylinder pressure was increased for h.gh.r volume flow rates of h.drogen compared to diesel and lower volume flow rates of h.drogen.

关键词： h.drogen brake th.rmal efficiency crankangle compressed ignition (CI)

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examining th. use of narrative constructs in data videos

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Visual Informatics 2020年第1期4卷 8-22页

作者： Ruoch.n Cao Subrata Dey Andrew Cunningh.m james Walsh.Ross T.Smith.Joanne e.Zucco Bruce h.Th.mas Th. Sch.ol of Information Tech.ology and Math.matical Science University of South AustraliaAustralia Department of Media University of AdelaideAustralia

Data videos are a h.gh.y impactful meth.d of communication and are becoming a prevalent medium for communicating *** th. majority of current research.focuses on th. cinematic aspects of data videos,very little is known about th. narrative meth.dologies *** paper presents our insigh.s derived from an initial exploration of th.s *** present a taxonomy based on th. analysis of 70 existing data videos examining th.ir narrative and visual *** propose th.t our taxonomy can be used to explain th. ch.racteristics or design of data *** th.s taxonomy,we present our observations,including th. trend of popular tech.ologies applied in current data videos,th. under-utilization of promising meth.ds,and h.gh.igh. research.opportunities in th. field.

关键词： Narrative visualization Data videos Taxonomy Narrative approach.s

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