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fungal Diversity 2015年第6期75卷 279-297页

作者： Christopher B.Zambell james f.white Graduate Program in Ecology&Evolution Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA Department of Plant Biology&Pathology 59 Dudley RoadNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA

Endophytic and epiphytic fungal assemblages from stems of ***,a shrubby vine,were studied in order to(1)quantify differences and the degree of overlap between fungal communities of both micro-habitats,and(2)examine whether fungal assemblages are spatially correlated at the local scale(tens to hundreds of meters),in order to understand if dispersal limitation may play a role in structuring these *** was conducted over 160 m of growth along a forest *** communities showed low overlap(Bray-Curtis Similarity=0.22),with most species that were common in one habitat appearing rarely if at all in the other,and only Aureobasidium pullulans showing high frequency in *** assemblages proved to be spatially correlated along the 160 m length of the transect,and even more so when adjacent pairs of stems were considered as the unit of comparison rather than individual *** assemblages showed no significant spatial correlation along the ***,three species of endophytes showed a pattern in which abundance of colonies peaked at different heights on the *** boninense showed peak abundance at 3 cm from the stem *** sp.1 peaked at 33 cm from the stem *** isolates of *** peaked at 63 cm from the stem *** was also found that positive correlative relationships were detected between endophyte-endophyte,and epiphyte-epiphyte ***-group interactions seemed to center around crossover species that were not entirely constrained within the surface or interior.

关键词： Colletotrichum Phomopsis Phyllosticta Local dispersal Tissue preference

Endophytic and pathogenic fungi of developing cranberry ovaries from flower to mature fruit:diversity and succession

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fungal Diversity 2012年第3期54卷 101-116页

作者： Mariusz Tadych Marshall S.Bergen Jennifer Johnson-Cicalese james J.Polashock Nicholi Vorsa james f.white Jr Department of Plant Biology and Pathology Rutgers University59 Dudley RoadNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA Philip E.Marucci Center for Blueberry and Cranberry Research and Extension Rutgers University125A Lake Oswego RoadChatsworthNJ 08019USA Genetic Improvement of fruits and Vegetables Laboratory USDA-ARS125A Lake Oswego RoadChatsworthNJ 08019USA

Culturable fungal population diversity and succession was investigated in developing cranberry ovaries of fruit rot-resistant and rot-susceptible cranberry selections,from flower through mature *** were recovered in culture from 1185 of 1338 ovary tissues collected from June to September,yielding 2255 isolates that represented 42 *** the season,species richness varied from 2 to 17 and 2 to 18 in rot-resistant and rotsusceptible selections,respectively,increasing from wk1 to wk10 and then gradually declining to ***-Wiener diversity index varied from 0.27 to 2.32 in rotresistant and 0.18 to 2.38 in rot-susceptible,and Pielou’s evenness index varied from 0.11 to 0.63 and 0.06 to 0.64 in rot-resistant and rot-susceptible selections,respectively,confirming that diversity of fungi in developing ovaries was similar among rot-resistant and rot-susceptible selections,but varied among sampling time *** component analysis grouped samples collected at the same sampling time point together regardless of rot susceptibility of the selections,and detected the predominant fungal species associated with each stage of *** changes were observed in populations of endophytic,pathogenic and saprophytic fungi throughout the season as ovaries matured.

关键词： Aetiology Cranberry fruit rot Pathogens Phenology Resistance Vaccinium macrocarpon

Taxonomic placement of Epichloëpoae *** horizontal dissemination to seedlings via conidia

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fungal Diversity 2012年第3期54卷 117-131页

作者： Mariusz Tadych Karen V.Ambrose Marshall S.Bergen faith C.Belanger james f.white Jr Department of Plant Biology and Pathology Rutgers University59 Dudley RoadNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA

A new Epichloëspecies distributed in Africa,Europe,North America and South America on host genera Bromus,festuca,Lolium and Poa is ***,characteristic of the genus,frequently occurred on the reproductive tillers of Poa secunda ***,but neither perithecia nor mature asci were *** cells and conidial characteristics were in the range of Epichloë*** of the genes encodingβ-tubulin(tub2)and translation elongation factor 1-α(tef1)were amplified and *** analyses of these sequences grouped the Poa secunda *** endophyte into one group within a non-hybrid Epichloëspecies *** the basis of morphology,host range and evolutionary history we propose that this endophyte represents a new species of Epichloë.The name Epichloëpoae is proposed for this *** infectivity of the conidia produced on plants was *** the first experiment,using conidia of Epichloëpoae from leaves and endophytefree seeds of Poa secunda *** we show that when germinating seeds and developing seedlings of the plant were exposed to conidia,28–57%of seedlings became infected by the *** non-inoculated control plants showed no colonization by the *** the following spring after vernalization,colonized plants on flowering culms produced stromata with *** the second experiment,using stromal conidia and the same procedure,19–42%of seedlings of Poa secunda *** became colonized by the *** results demonstrate that Epichloëpoae may spread to uninfected grass hosts by conidia frequently formed on the surfaces of plant leaves as well as by conidia formed on stromata.

关键词： Endophyte Epiphyllous Evolution Neotyphodium Poa secunda subsp juncifolia Seed

Phylogeny and taxonomy of Ophiognomonia(Gnomoniaceae,Diaporthales),including twenty-five new species in this highly diverse genus

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fungal Diversity 2012年第6期57卷 84-146页

作者： Donald M.Walker Lisa A.Castlebury Amy Y.Rossman Luis C.Mejía james f.white Department of Natural Sciences The University of FindlayFindlayOH 45840USA Systematic Mycology&Microbiology Laboratory USDA Agricultural Research ServiceBeltsvilleMD 20705USA Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Apartado0843-03092BalboaAnconRepublic of Panama Department of Plant Biology and Pathology Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA

Species of Ophiognomonia are leaf-inhabiting endophytes,pathogens,and saprobes that infect plants in the families Betulaceae,fagaceae,Juglandaceae,Lauraceae,Malvaceae,Platanaceae,Rosaceae,Salicaceae,and *** on extensive collecting,this speciesrich genus is now known to have a world wide distribution in primarily temperate areas,although some species are known from the *** of DNA sequences from three markers including guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-like protein(MS204),translation elongation factor 1α(tef-1α),and the ITS region including ITS1,5.8 S rDNA and ITS2 regions(ITS)were used to define phylogenetic species in *** plant association correlated with these ***-five new species of Ophiognomonia and two new combinations are proposed with descriptions and *** addition,descriptions and illustrations are provided for 12 other species of Ophiognomonia.A key is provided to the 45 currently accepted species of *** disposition of additional names in Ophiognomonia is also discussed.

关键词： Birch foliar pathogen Butternut canker GCPSR Genealogical sorting index Host associations MS204 Multilocus phylogeny Walnut anthracnose and leaf blotch

Occultocarpon,a new monotypic genus of Gnomoniaceae on Alnus nepalensis from China

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fungal Diversity 2012年第1期52卷 99-105页

作者： Luis C.Mejía Amy Y.Rossman Lisa A.Castlebury Zhu L.Yang james f.white Jr USDA Agricultural Research ServiceSystematic Mycology&Microbiology LaboratoryB010A10300 Baltimore Ave.BeltsvilleMD 20705USA Department of Plant Biology and Pathology Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650204(Yunnan ProvincePeople’s Republic of China Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Apartado0843-03092BalboaAnconRepublic of Panama

Microfungi in the Gnomoniaceae(Diaporthales,Ascomycetes)comprise species commonly reported as pathogens and endophytes on trees and herbaceous hosts primarily from temperate forests of North America,Europe,and *** diversity of Gnomoniaceae in China is poorly known,although several plant families that occur there specifically the Betulaceae are considered important *** exploratory trip to Yunnan,China,resulted in the discovery of several members of the *** this paper a new monotypic genus,Occultocarpon and its species,***,are described and illustrated.A phylogeny based on three genes(LSU,rpb2,tef1-α)reveals that *** belongs to the Gnomoniaceae and forms a branch distinct from the currently known *** ailaoshanense is characterized by perithecia with thin,central to eccentric necks in groups embedded in a stroma and oblong elliptical-elongated,one-septate *** ailaoshanense occurs on the bark of branches of Alnus nepalensis(Betulaceae)in Yunnan,China.

关键词： Ascomycota Betulaceae DiaporthaleslGnomoniaceae Systematics Yunnan

Carbon dioxide conversion to valuable chemical products over composite catalytic systems

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2013年第3期22卷 368-374页

作者： Robert A.Dagle Jianli Hu Susanne B.Jones Wayne Wilcox John G.frye james f.white Juyuan Jiang Yong Wang Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWA 99352USA School of Automation Engineering Tianjin University of Technology Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.Richland WA 99352USA Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering Washington State University

This paper reports an experimental study on catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide to methanol, ethanol and acetic acid. Satalysts having different catalytic functions were synthesized and combined in different ways to enhance the selectivity to desired products. The combined catalyst system possessed the following functions： methanol synthesis, fischer-Tropsch synthesis, water-gas-shift and hydrogenation. Results showed that the methods of integrating these catalytic functions played an important role in achieving the desired product selectivity. We speculate that if methanol synthesis sites were located adjacent to the C--C chain growth sites, the formation rate of C2 oxygenates would be enhanced. The advantage of using a high temperature methanol catalyst PdZnA1 in the combined catalyst system was demonstrated. In the presence of PdZnA1 catalyst, the combined catalyst system was stable at 380 ~C. It was observed that, at high temperature, kinetics favored oxygenate formation. The results implied that the process can be intensified by operating at high temperature using Pd-based methanol synthesis catalyst. Steam reforming of the byproduct organics was demonstrated as a means to provide supplemental hydrogen. Preliminary process design, simulation, and economic analysis of the proposed CO2 conversion process were carded out. Economic analysis indicates how ethanol production cost was affected by the price of CO2 and hydrogen.

关键词： CO2 utilization syngas fischer-Tropsch methanol higher alchohols ethanol acetic acid

Endophytic bacteria in grass crop growth promotion and biostimulation

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Grass Research 2021年第1期1卷 33-41页

作者： james f.white Xiaoqian Chang Kathryn L.Kingsley Qiuwei Zhang Peerapol Chiaranunt April Micci fernando Velazquez Matthew Elmore Sharron Crane Shanjia Li Jiaxin Lu María Carmen Molina Natalia González-Benítez Miguel J.Beltrán-García Kurt P.Kowalski Department of Plant Biology Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNew Jersey 08901USA Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNew Jersey 08901USA Department of Bioengineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730050P.R.China College of Agro-grassland Science Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095P.R.China Department of Biology GeologyApplied Physics and Inorganic ChemistryKing Juan Carlos UniversityMadrid 28032Spain Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences Autonomous University of GuadalajaraGuadalajara 45140Mexico U.S.Geological Survey Great Lakes Science CenterAnn ArborMichigan 48105USA.

Plants naturally carry microbes on seeds and within seeds that may facilitate development and early survival of *** crops have lost seed-vectored microbes in the process of domestication or during seed storage and seed *** microbes from wild plants were used by pre-modern cultures to re-acquire beneficial seed *** some companies have developed or are developing the use of microbes obtained from soils or plant sources to stimulate plant development and *** of these biostimulant microbes are endophytic in *** products also include humic substances,which appear to function as signal molecules in plants,triggering increased internalization of soil microbes into root cells and *** addition,protein coatings on seeds fuel the growth of seed surface-vectored microbes,increasing microbial activity around and within *** this article,we provide evidence of the endophytic nature of many biostimulant microbes,and suggest that many of the beneficial effects of microbial biostimulants stem from their action as endophytes or as participants or stimulants of rhizophagy cycle activity.

关键词： crops soil promotion

Interaction forces between soft magnetic particles in uniform and non-uniform magnetic fields

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2010年第6期26卷 921-929页

作者： Ayyoub Mehdizadeh james f.Klausner Nima Rahmatian Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of FloridaP.O.Box 116300GainesvilleFL 32611-6300USA

The influence of the magnetization of a soft magnetic sphere on the surrounding magnetic field is measured and *** interaction force between two soft magnetic particles is directly measured using an ultra precision load sensor in uniform and non-uniform magnetic fields. The interaction force largely follows an inverse fourth power law as a function of separation distance between particle centers. At small distances,the effect of magnetization of one particle on the magnetization of its adjacent particle causes the attractive（repulsive） force to be larger（smaller） than that predicted by the inverse fourth power *** theoretical prediction based on a modified dipole model,that takes into account the coupling effect of the magnetization among soft magnetic particles,gives excellent agreement with the measured force in a uniform magnetic *** interaction force under a non-uniform applied magnetic field can be reasonably predicted using the dipole-dipole interaction model when the local magnetic field is used to determine the magnetization.

关键词： Magnetic force Magnetic charge model Magnetic dipole model Soft magnetic particle

Expanding the donor pool: Hepatitis C, hepatitis B and human immunodeficiency virus-positive donors in liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第47期25卷 6799-6812页

作者： james f Crismale Jawad Ahmad Division of Liver Diseases Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

Liver transplantation(LT)remains the best option for patients with end-stage liver disease but the demand for organs from deceased donors continues to outweigh the available *** advent of highly effective anti-viral treatments has reduced the number of patients undergoing LT for hepatitis C(HCV)and hepatitis B(HBV)related liver disease and yet the number of patients waiting for LT continues to increase,driven by an increase in the patients listed with a diagnosis of cirrhosis due to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and alcoholrelated liver *** addition,human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection,which was previously a contra-indication for LT,is no longer a fatal disease due to the effectiveness of HIV therapy and patients with HIV and liver disease are now developing indications for *** rising demand for LT is projected to increase further in the future,thus driving the need to investigate potential means of expanding the pool of potential *** mechanism for doing so is utilizing organs from donors that previously would have been discarded or used only in exceptional circumstances such as HCV-positive,HBV-positive,and HIVpositive *** advent of highly effective anti-viral therapy has meant that these organs can now be used with excellent outcomes in HCV,HBV or HIV infected recipients and in some cases uninfected recipients.

关键词： Hepatitis C Hepatitis B Human immunodeficiency virus Liver transplantation

Modeling the Newtonian dynamics for rotation curve analysis of thin-disk galaxies

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2011年第12期11卷 1429-1448页

作者： james Q.feng C.f.Gallo Superconix Inc 2440 Lisbon AvenueLake ElmoMN 55042USA

We present an efficient, robust computational method for modeling the Newtonian dynamics for rotation curve analysis of thin-disk galaxies. With appropriate mathematical treatments, the apparent numerical difficulties associated with singularities in computing elliptic integrals are completely removed. Using a boundary element discretization procedure, the governing equations are transformed into a linear algebra matrix equation that can be solved by straightforward Gauss elimination in one step without further iterations. The numerical code implemented according to our algorithm can accurately determine the surface mass density distribution in a disk galaxy from a measured rotation curve （or vice versa）. for a disk galaxy with a typical flat rotation curve, our modeling results show that the surface mass density monotonically decreases from the galactic center toward the periphery, according to Newtonian dynamics. In a large portion of the galaxy, the surface mass density follows an approximately exponential law of decay with respect to the galactic radial coordinate. Yet the radial scale length for the surface mass density seems to be generally larger than that of the measured brightness distribution, suggesting an increasing mass-tolight ratio with the radial distance in a disk galaxy. In a nondimensionalized form, our mathematical system contains a dimensionless parameter which we call the ＂galactic rotation number＂ that represents the gross ratio of centrifugal force and gravitational force. The value of this galactic rotation number is determined as part of the numerial solution. Through a systematic computational analysis, we have illustrated that the galactic rotation number remains within 4-10% of 1.70 for a wide variety of rotation curves. This implies that the total mass in a disk galaxy is proportional to V02 Rg, with V0 denoting the characteristic rotation velocity （such as the ＂flat＂ value in a typical ro- tation curve） and Rg the radius of the galacti

关键词： galaxy: disk -- galaxies: general -- galaxies: kinematics and dynamics -- galaxies: structure -- methods: numerical and analytical