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The stadium effect:rodent damage patterns in rice fields explored using giving-up densities

Integrative Zoology 2017年第6期12卷 438-445页

作者： Clare R.JONES Renee P.LORICA james M.VILLEGAS Angelee f.RAMAL finbarr G.HORGAN Grant R.SINGLETON Alexander M.STUART Crop and Environmental Sciences Division International Rice Research InstituteMetro ManilaPhilippines Natural Resources Institute University of GreenwichChatham MaritimeKentUK Centre for Compassionate Conservation University of Technology SydneyNew South WalesAustralia

Rodents are globally important pre-harvest pests of *** Southeast Asia,rodent damage to growing rice crops is commonly concentrated towards the center of rice fields,away from the field edge,resulting in a clear pattern known as the“stadium effect.”To further understand this behavior of rodent pests and to develop recommendations for future research and management,we examined the relation between giving-up densities(GUDs)and damage *** Tanay,Luzon,Philippines,GUD trays containing pieces of coconut in a matrix of sand were placed at 4 different distances from the field edge to quantify the perceived risk of predation in a rice field pest,Rattus *** were recorded during a dry and wet season crop at the reproductive and ripening stages of *** addition,assessments of active burrows,tracking tile activity and rodent damage to the rice crop,were conducted in the dry *** were significantly lower in the center of the rice fields than on the field edges,suggesting that rodent damage to rice is greater in the middle of rice fields due to a lower perceived predation ***,this perception of predation risk(or fear)increases towards the field edge and was greatest on the rice bund,where there was no vegetation *** discuss the implications for rodent management and rodent damage assessments in rice *** is the first documented use of GUDs in a rice agro-ecosystem in Asia;thus we identify the challenges and lessons learned through this process.

关键词： habitat use landscape of fear pest management Rattus tanezumi rodent behavior

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休闲旅游益处

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旅游学刊 2015年第11期30卷 1-5页

作者： james f.Petrick 邹穗雯 Department of Recreation Park and Tourism ScienceTexas A&M University

过去的研究一致表明旅游业可以增加旅游目的地的经济效益（frechtling,2006）,并对旅游目的地文化起加强作用。此外,旅游对旅游者本身也有益处：旅游可以帮助旅游者消除日常生活的疲劳、学习游览地的历史文化和增强与旅伴的关系。而且,... 详细信息

过去的研究一致表明旅游业可以增加旅游目的地的经济效益（frechtling,2006）,并对旅游目的地文化起加强作用。此外,旅游对旅游者本身也有益处：旅游可以帮助旅游者消除日常生活的疲劳、学习游览地的历史文化和增强与旅伴的关系。而且,旅游可以让员工回归岗位后更加高效,甚至让人变得更加健康。令人遗憾的是,学者们对旅游的个人益处关注不足（Sirgy,2010）。

关键词：旅游体验带薪假期体验式学习投资模型旅游学术界旅游学者自助旅游技能发展家庭旅游带薪休假

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Influence of the changing environment on food composition and condition factor in Labeo victorianus(Boulenger,1901)in rivers of Lake Victoria Basin,Kenya

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Aquaculture and fisheries 2023年第2期8卷 227-238页

作者： Nelly f.Nakangu frank O.Masese james E.Barasa Geraldine K.Matoll Jacques W.Riziki Mulongaibalu Mbalassa Department of fisheries&Aquatic Sciences University of EldoretEldoretPO Box 1125-30100Kenya Unit´e d’Enseignement et de Recherche en Hydrobiologie Appliqu´ee(UERHA) D´epartement de Biologie-ChimieInstitut Sup´erieur P´edagogique de Bukavu(ISP)RDB.P.854 BukavuCongo School of Life Sciences College of AgricultureEngineering and ScienceUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalScottsvillePietermaritzburg320012South Africa

Labeo victorianus(Boulenger,1901)is one of the endemic fishes in Lake Victoria Basin(LVB)but is now threatened by multiple stressors caused by human *** investigated spatial and temporal variability in food composition and condition of *** in influent rivers of Lake Victoria,*** was done during the dry and wet seasons by *** composition analysis showed that *** is a benthophagus and omnivorous species whose diet is dominated by detritus,periphyton and *** were differences in food composition among rivers,with significant river X season interactions(PERMANOVA f=11.6,df=4,p=0.001),suggesting that the diet depended on prevailing environmental *** turbid rivers,the diet was dominated by detritus while in less turbid rivers it was dominated by insects and *** and mud also formed a significant part of the diet,which was an indication of a limited occurrence of preferable food *** were ontogenetic shifts in food composition(PERMANOVA f=4.6,df=3,p=0.001),but also with a spatial interaction(PERMANOVA f=5.6,df=7,p=0.001),further indicating the role of environmental conditions in determining the diet for different size ***,the fish condition did not differ among *** study shows that turbidity and organic matter and nutrient loading determine the diet of *** in LVB rivers,and provides further justification for the maintenance of water quality as a conservation measure for threatened species.

关键词： Condition factor feeding Labeo victorianus Ontogenetic shifts Seasonality Tropics

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Spinal manipulation therapy: Is it all about the brain? A current review of the neurophysiological effects of manipulation

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第5期17卷 328-337页

作者： Giles Gyer Jimmy Michael james Inklebarger Jaya Shanker Tedla The London College o f Osteopathic Medicine London NW1 6QHUnited Kingdom Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Khalid University3665 GuraigerAbhaSaudi Arabia

Spinal manipulation has been an effective intervention for the management of various musculoskeletal disorders. However,the mechanisms underlying the pain modulatory effects of spinal manipulation remain elusive. Although both biomechanical and neurophysiological phenomena have been thought to play a role in the observed clinical effects of spinal manipulation, a growing number of recent studies have indicated peripheral, spinal and supraspinal mechanisms of manipulation and suggested that the improved clinical outcomes are largely of neurophysiological origin. In this article, we reviewed the relevance of various neurophysiological theories with respect to the findings of mechanistic studies that demonstrated neural responses following spinal manipulation. This article also discussed whether these neural responses are associated with the possible neurophysiological mechanisms of spinal manipulation. The body of literature reviewed herein suggested some clear neurophysiological changes following spinal manipulation, which include neural plastic changes, alteration in motor neuron excitability,increase in cortical drive and many more. However, the clinical relevance of these changes in relation to the mechanisms that underlie the effectiveness of spinal manipulation is still unclear. In addition,there were some major methodological flaws in many of the reviewed studies. future mechanistic studies should have an appropriate study design and methodology and should plan for a long-term follow-up in order to determine the clinical significance of the neural responses evoked following spinal manipulation.

关键词： Occupational injuries Public health Physical therapists Occupational therapists Complementary therapies

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Kolmogorov-Chaitin Complexity of Digital Controller Implementations

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2006年第3期3卷 314-322页

作者： james f. Whidborne John McKernan Da-Wei Gu Department of Aerospace Sciences Cranfield University Bedfordshire MK43 0AL UK Department of Engineering University of Leicester Leicester LE1 7RH UK

The complexity of linear, fixed-point arithmetic digital controllers is investigated from a Kolmogorov-Chaitin perspective. Based on the idea of Kolmogorov-Chaitin complexity, practical measures of complexity are developed for statespace realizations, parallel and cascade realizations, and for a newly proposed generalized implicit state-space realization. The complexity of solutions to a restricted complexity controller benchmark problem is investigated using this measure. The results show that from a Kolmogorov-Chaitin viewpoint, higher-order controllers with a shorter word-length may have lower complexity and better performance, than lower-order controllers with longer word-length.

关键词： Controller complexity finite-precision arithmetic finite word length digital controller Kolmogorov-Chaitin complexity.

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Addiction and recovery

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英国医学杂志中文版 2015年第4期18卷 210-210页

作者： james bell

I recently went to a hospice to say farewell to a long term patient of mine,now dying of disseminated *** given the diagnosis and bleak prognosis 8 weeks earlier,he had declined palliative *** kept on working,but deteriorated rapidly,and developed gangrene and terrible *** was now in the hospice for a few days while equipment was installed at home to allow his wife to manage him for the remaining weeks.

关键词：癌症患者个人家庭生活

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利用ML振幅研究地壳横波Q值Ⅱ：Q横向变化特征

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地球物理学报 2008年第1期51卷 133-139页

作者：汪素云裴顺平 Thomas M. Heam 许忠淮 james f. Ni 俞言祥中国地震局地球物理研究所北京100081 中国科学院青藏高原研究所北京100085 New Mexico State University Physics Department Las Cruces NM 88003 USA

利用中国地震年报（1984-2004年）测定ML所用的54000余条区域地震最大振幅数据,采用二维层析成像方法反演中国大陆地壳介质品质因子Q0结构.反演结果表明,中国大陆地壳介质品质因子Q0平均为370,Q0横向变化量可达±200.在整个研究区解的... 详细信息

利用中国地震年报（1984-2004年）测定ML所用的54000余条区域地震最大振幅数据,采用二维层析成像方法反演中国大陆地壳介质品质因子Q0结构.反演结果表明,中国大陆地壳介质品质因子Q0平均为370,Q0横向变化量可达±200.在整个研究区解的分辨率能够达到3°×3°,大部分地区能够达到2°×2°.Q0的变化显示出与地质构造分区相关的特征：低衰减（高Q0值）异常区主要分布在塔里木盆地、四川盆地、鄂尔多斯高原及华南地区,鄂尔多斯高原北部Q0值最高;高衰减异常区（低Q0值）主要分布在青藏高原以东的川滇地区、华北平原、渤海湾,最低Q0值在渤海湾地区,天山、祁连山和汾渭地堑Q0也呈较低异常变化.总体看来,构造上稳定的克拉通地台的介质品质因子Q0较高,而构造上活动的地区往往Q0较低,显现出区域的衰减变化特征与地壳结构和区域构造之间的密切关系.

关键词：中国大陆地震波衰减 Q0值振幅层析成像

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Information Measures of Wages and Employment: Application to Senegal

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Applied Mathematics 2016年第3期7卷 177-182页

作者： Charles B. Moss Samba Mbaye james f. Oehmke food and Resource Economics Department University of Florida Gainesville FL USA Department of Economics and Management Scienes Universite Gaston Berger de Saint Louis Saint Louis Senegal United States Agency for International Development Washington DC USA

This paper develops an information theoretic estimator of wage and employment shifts that provides quantification of and inference about type of employment (full time, part time, seasonal, unemployed) and industry share of employment. It is applied to determine the effects of two United States Agency for International Development (USAID) projects on employment in villages in the Tambacounda and Kedougou provinces in Senegal. The projects support the development of local forest-based production and processing industries. The results demonstrate statistically significant and positive effects on employment and the industry composition of employment.

关键词： Information Theory Agribusiness Development Agro-forestry forest Resources Poverty Reduction

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MCSE：TCP/IP14天自学教程 G

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1998年

作者：（美）（J.f.考西）james f.Causey 冯涛等译

本书每章的开始是该章要点及所要达到的目标，接下来的内容包含了各个方面的基本及最新知识，结尾附有练习和实践以帮助读者加强记忆。

ISBN: (纸本)7111067568

本书每章的开始是该章要点及所要达到的目标，接下来的内容包含了各个方面的基本及最新知识，结尾附有练习和实践以帮助读者加强记忆。

关键词：计算机互连网络协议

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Phase segregation mechanisms of small molecule-polymer blends unraveled by varying polymer chain architecture

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SmartMat 2021年第3期2卷 367-377页

作者： Jihua Chen Sanjib Das Ming Shao Guoliang Li Huada Lian Jian Qin james f.Browning Jong K.Keum David Uhrig Gong Gu Kai Xiao Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTennesseeUSA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA Neutron Scattering Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTennesseeUSA

As phase separation between the small-molecule semiconductor and the polymer binder is the key enabler of blend-based organic field-effect transistors(OfETs)fabricated by low-cost solution processing,it is crucial to understand the underlying phase separation mechanisms that determine the phase morphology,which significantly impacts device *** the parameter space investigated in previous work,here we investigate the formation of blends by varying the branch architecture of the polymer binder and by shortening the solvent dry time using ultrasonic spray *** phase morphologies of the resulting blend films have been thoroughly characterized with a variety of techniques in three dimensions over multiple length scales,including AfM,energy-filtered transmission electron microscope,and neutron reflectivity,and have been correlated with electrical transport *** the results,we have inferred that the phase morphology is kinetically determined,limited by the inherent slow movement of polymer *** kinetic picture,supported by molecular dynamics modeling,not only consistently explains our observations but also resolves inconsistencies in previous *** achieved mechanistic understanding will guide further optimization of blend-based organic electronics,such as OfETs and organic photovoltaics.

关键词： neutron reflectivity organic field-effect transistors phase separation polymer binders

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