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Magnitude of modulation of gene expression in aneuploid maize depends on the extent of genomic imbalance

Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2020年第2期47卷 93-103页

作者： Adam f·Johnson Jie Hou Hua Yang Xiaowen Shi Chen Chen Md Soliman Islam Tieming Ji Jianlin Cheng james A·Birchler Institurte of Research and Development Duy Tan UniversityDa Nang50000Viet Nam Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA Division of Biological Sciences University of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA Department of Statistics University of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA

Aneuploidy has profound effects on an organism,typically more so than polyploidy,and the basis of this contrast is not fully understood.A dosage series of the maize long arm of chromosome 1(1L)was used to compa re relative global gene expression in diffe rent types and degrees of aneuploidy to gain insights into how the magnitude of genomic imbalance as well as hypoploidy affects global gene *** previously available methods require a selective examination of specific genes,RNA sequencing provides a whole-genome view of gene expression in *** studies of global aneuploidy effects have concentrated on individual types of aneuploids because multiple dose aneuploidies of the same genomic region are difficult to produce in most model genetic *** genetic toolkit of maize allows the examination of multiple ploidies and 1-4 doses of chromosome ***,a detailed examination of expression changes both on the varied chromosome arms and elsewhere in the genome is possible,in both hypoploids and hyperploids,compared with euploid *** studies observed the inverse trans effect,in which genes not varied in DNA dosage were expressed in a negative relationship to the varied chromosomal *** response was also the major type of changes found globally in this *** genes varied in dosage showed proportional expression changes,though some were seen to be partly or fully dosage *** was also found that the effects of aneuploidy were progressive,with more severe aneuploids producing effects of greater magnitude.

关键词： Aneuploidy Polyploidy Inverse effect Gene regulation Dosage compensation Gene balance hypothesis

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An experimental study on pile scour mitigating measures under waves and currents

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2015年第6期58卷 1031-1045页

作者： LIANG SenDong ZHANG YongLiang YANG james State Key Laboratory of Hydro-Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Hydraulic Engineering Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)

An experimental study has been carried out to investigate effects of four flow-altering scour countermeasures placed around a foundation pile under currents only as well as under coexisting waves and currents. The countermeasures are sacrificial piles, downstream bed sill, sleeve and slot in the pile. Their arrangements follow the suggested optimal configurations, with some of them slightly modified. In terms of the evolution of scour depth and bed topography around the pile, the scour countermeasures are evaluated, subjected to steady currents with or without irregular waves. A comparison between maximum scour depth with the countermeasures and one without the countermeasures demonstrates the efficiency of countermeasures. All the tested scour measures reduce the scour depth by 17.6%–42.6% under the action of currents only and 5.8%–24.0% under the combined action of both currents and waves. The results also show that it takes a shorter time for the scour depth to reach its equilibrium with the measures under either coexisting currents and waves or currents only than ones without the measures.

关键词： experimental study scour countermeasures waves currents foundation pile

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Current state and prospect on the development of advanced nuclear fuel system materials:A review

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Materials Reports(Energy) 2021年第1期1卷 69-87页

作者： Di Yun Chenyang Lu Zhangjian Zhou Yingwei Wu Wenbo Liu Shaoqiang Guo Tan Shi james f.Stubbins School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Department of Nuclear Plasma and Radiological EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL61801USA

The intricate balance between reactor economics and safety necessitates the emergence of new and advanced nuclear systems and,very importantly,advanced materials,which can overcome current shortcomings and bring about more economic nuclear systems with designed-in inherent safety *** advances will achieve greater safety and better nuclear reactor economics by reaching longer reactor lives with higher levels neutron irradiation,and by providing higher operation temperatures and resistance to more aggressive corrosive *** paper provides a review of the current state of research and development on innovative nuclear fuel materials design and development which have the potential of benefiting simultaneously reactor economics and *** discussion focuses on three areas of research:Accident-tolerant fuels(ATfs),Oxidation Dispersion Strengthened(ODS)steels and High Entropy Alloys(HEAs).The paper also gives a prospective description of future research activities on these materials.

关键词： Nuclear fuel materials Nuclear cladding materials Accident-tolerant fuel(ATf) Oxidation dispersion strengthened(ODS)steel High entropy alloy(HEA)

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A Serratia marcesens Strains Involved in Cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i>) Boll Infection by a Prokaryote

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Agricultural Sciences 2021年第12期12卷 1565-1578页

作者： Enrique G. Medrano james P. Glover Alois A. bell Michael J. Brewer Insect Control & Cotton Disease Research Unit United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) College Station TX USA Texas AgriLife Research and Extension Center Department of Entomology Texas A&M University Corpus Christi TX USA USDA-ARS Southern Insect Management Research Unit Stoneville MS USA

A boll infection caused by non-traditional cotton pathogens was first reported to occur in the southeastern U.S. Cotton Belt (year 2000) and has since spread to Texas causing significant yield losses. This study was aimed towards investigating the verde plant bug (Creontiades signatus) link between interior boll disease in Texas, USA. Using glasshouse grown bolls, bacteria recovered from locules with disease symptoms from field-grown cotton bolls caged with the piercing-sucking C. signatus were analyzed for the capacity to inflict the disease. for pathogenicity testing, spontaneously generated rifampicin resistant (Rifr) variants were utilized to track the antibiotic resistant bacterium and deter growth of endophytic and contaminating bacteria. To simulate C. signatus feeding, a needle (31 gauge) was employed to inoculate bolls at 13 - 15 days after flower bloom. Bacterial suspensions ranged from 101 - 106 colony forming units/ml. field infection symptoms were duplicated after two weeks of bacterial exposure. Infectious strains were best categorized as Serratia marcescens based on traditional carbon utilization and enzyme production testing, and a 99% nucleotide sequence identity of 16S ribosomal DNA. Putative S. marcescens representatives isolated from rotted bolls exposed to C. signatus were shown to reproduce field infection symptoms upon inoculation into greenhouse grown fruit. Serratia spp. can inflict disease in alfalfa, cucurbits, and sunflower. The presented data are the first to definitively show that a Serratia sp. has the capacity to infect cotton.

关键词： Verde Plant Bug Opportunistic Bacterial Infections Antibiotic Selection Marker Cotton Boll Disease Piercing-Sucking Insects

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Decreasing recurrent bowel obstructions,improving quality of life with physiotherapy:Controlled study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第19期24卷 2108-2119页

作者： Amanda D Rice Kimberley Patterson Evette D Reed Belinda f Wurn Kristen Robles Bernhard Klingenberg Leonard B Weinstock Janey SA Pratt C Richard King iii Lawrence J Wurn Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine-PhoenixUniversity of ArizonaPhoenixAZ 85004United States Clear Passage Therapies GainesvilleFL 32606United States Department of Mathematics and Statistics Williams CollegeWilliamstownMA 01267United States Clinical Medicine and Surgery Washington University School of MedicineSpecialists in GastroenterologyLLCSt.LouisMO 63141United States Department of Surgery Stanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCA 94035United States College of Medicine University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32607United States

AIM To compare(1) quality of life and(2) rate of recurrent small bowel obstructions(SBO) for patients treated with novel manual physiotherapy vs no treatment. METHODS One hundred and three subjects(age 19-89) with a history of recurrent adhesive SBO were treated with a manual physiotherapy called the Clear Passage Approach(CPA) which focused on decreasing adhesive crosslinking in abdominopelvic viscera. Pre-and post-therapy data measured recurring obstructions and quality of life, using a validated test sent 90 d after therapy. Results were compared to 136 untreated control subjects who underwent the same measurements for subjects who did not receive any therapy, which is the normal course for patients with recurring SBO. Comparison of the groups allowed us to assess changes when the physiotherapy was added as an adjunct treatment for patients with recurring *** Despite histories of more prior hospitalizations, obstructions, surgeries, and years impacted by bowel issues, the 103 CPA-treated subjects reported a significantly lower rate of repeat SBO than 136 untreated controls(total obstructions P = 0.0003; partial obstructions P = 0.0076). Subjects treated with the therapy demonstrated significant improvements in five of six total domains in the validated Small Bowel Obstruction Questionnaire(SBO-Q). Domains of diet, pain, gastrointestinal symptoms, quality of life(QOL) and pain severity when compared to post CPA treatment were significantly improved(P ffective for patients with adhesive SBO with significantly lower recurrence rate, improvement in reported symptoms and overall quality of life of subjects.

关键词： Clear passage approach Manual therapy Physical therapy Small bowel obstructions Adhesions Physiotherapy Alternative therapy

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The integrated use of chemical insecticides and the entomopathogenic nematode, Steinemema carpocapsae （Nematoda： Steinernematidae）, for the control of sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci （Hemiptera： Aleyrodidae）

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Insect Science 2008年第5期15卷 447-453页

作者： Andrew G. S. Cuthbertson james J. Mathers Phil Northing Anthony J. Prickett Keith f. A. Waiters Central Science Laboratory Sand Hutton York YO41 1LZ UK

The integration of chemical insecticides and infective juveniles of the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae （Wesier）（Nematoda： Steinernematidae）, to control second instars of the sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius （Hemiptera： Aleyrodidae） was investigated. Using a sand bioassay, the effects of direct exposure of S. carpocapsae for 24 h to field rate dilutions of four insecticides （spiromesifen, thiacloprid, imidacloprid and pymetrozine） on infectivity to Galleria mellonella larvae were tested. Although all chemicals tested, except spiromesifen, produced acceptable nematode infectivity rates, they were all significantly less than the water control. The effect of insecticide treatment （dry residues of spiromesifen, thiacloprid and pymetrozine and soil drench of imidacloprid） on the efficacy of the nematode against B. tabaci was also investigated. Nematodes in combination with thiacloprid and spiromesifen gave higher B. tabaci mortality （86.5% and 94.3% respectively） compared to using nematodes alone （75.2%） on tomato plants. There was no significant difference in B. tabaci mortality when using the chemicals imidacloprid, pymetrozine and spiromesifen in conjunction with nematodes compared to using the chemicals alone. However, using thiacloprid in combination with the nematodes produced significantly higher B. tabaci mortality than using the chemical alone. The integration of S. carpocapsae and these chemical agents into current integrated pest management programmes for the control of B. tabaci is discussed.

关键词： entomopathogenic nematode infectivity insecticide residue pest management

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Efficiency and superefficiency in one-parameter two-sided truncated distribution families

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第21期42卷 1771-1774页

作者： james C. fu Department of Statistics University of Manitoba Winnipeg R3T 2N2 Canada

whereθis an unknown parameter, φ(θ) is a continuous differentiable function such that θ0, θ∈R, and f(x;θ) is a positive continuous density func-tion on [θ,φ(θ)]. The one-parameter two-sided truncated distrib... 详细信息

关键词： one-parameter two-sided truncated family super-efficiency a new efficiency asymptotically median unbiased efficient estimate.

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Phylogeny and taxonomy of Ophiognomonia(Gnomoniaceae,Diaporthales),including twenty-five new species in this highly diverse genus

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fungal Diversity 2012年第6期57卷 84-146页

作者： Donald M.Walker Lisa A.Castlebury Amy Y.Rossman Luis C.Mejía james f.White Department of Natural Sciences The University of FindlayFindlayOH 45840USA Systematic Mycology&Microbiology Laboratory USDA Agricultural Research ServiceBeltsvilleMD 20705USA Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Apartado0843-03092BalboaAnconRepublic of Panama Department of Plant Biology and Pathology Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA

Species of Ophiognomonia are leaf-inhabiting endophytes,pathogens,and saprobes that infect plants in the families Betulaceae,fagaceae,Juglandaceae,Lauraceae,Malvaceae,Platanaceae,Rosaceae,Salicaceae,and *** on extensive collecting,this speciesrich genus is now known to have a world wide distribution in primarily temperate areas,although some species are known from the *** of DNA sequences from three markers including guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-like protein(MS204),translation elongation factor 1α(tef-1α),and the ITS region including ITS1,5.8 S rDNA and ITS2 regions(ITS)were used to define phylogenetic species in *** plant association correlated with these ***-five new species of Ophiognomonia and two new combinations are proposed with descriptions and *** addition,descriptions and illustrations are provided for 12 other species of Ophiognomonia.A key is provided to the 45 currently accepted species of *** disposition of additional names in Ophiognomonia is also discussed.

关键词： Birch foliar pathogen Butternut canker GCPSR Genealogical sorting index Host associations MS204 Multilocus phylogeny Walnut anthracnose and leaf blotch

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Taxonomic placement of Epichloëpoae *** horizontal dissemination to seedlings via conidia

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fungal Diversity 2012年第3期54卷 117-131页

作者： Mariusz Tadych Karen V.Ambrose Marshall S.Bergen faith C.Belanger james f.White Jr Department of Plant Biology and Pathology Rutgers University59 Dudley RoadNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA

A new Epichloëspecies distributed in Africa,Europe,North America and South America on host genera Bromus,festuca,Lolium and Poa is ***,characteristic of the genus,frequently occurred on the reproductive tillers of Poa secunda ***,but neither perithecia nor mature asci were *** cells and conidial characteristics were in the range of Epichloë*** of the genes encodingβ-tubulin(tub2)and translation elongation factor 1-α(tef1)were amplified and *** analyses of these sequences grouped the Poa secunda *** endophyte into one group within a non-hybrid Epichloëspecies *** the basis of morphology,host range and evolutionary history we propose that this endophyte represents a new species of Epichloë.The name Epichloëpoae is proposed for this *** infectivity of the conidia produced on plants was *** the first experiment,using conidia of Epichloëpoae from leaves and endophytefree seeds of Poa secunda *** we show that when germinating seeds and developing seedlings of the plant were exposed to conidia,28–57%of seedlings became infected by the *** non-inoculated control plants showed no colonization by the *** the following spring after vernalization,colonized plants on flowering culms produced stromata with *** the second experiment,using stromal conidia and the same procedure,19–42%of seedlings of Poa secunda *** became colonized by the *** results demonstrate that Epichloëpoae may spread to uninfected grass hosts by conidia frequently formed on the surfaces of plant leaves as well as by conidia formed on stromata.

关键词： Endophyte Epiphyllous Evolution Neotyphodium Poa secunda subsp juncifolia Seed

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Structures and electronic properties of AUn-1Cu and AUn （n ≤ 9） clusters

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Chinese Physics B 2007年第6期16卷 1660-1664页

作者：王红艳李喜波唐永建 R.Bruce King Henry f.Schaefer iii Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China Research Center of Laser fusion China Academy of Engineering Physical Mianyang 621900 China Department of Chemistry and Center for Computational Chemistry University of Georgia Athens Georgia 30602 USA

A systematic study on the structure and electronic properties of gold clusters doped each with one copper atom has been performed using the density functional theory. The average bond lengths in the Aun-1Cu （n ≤ 9） bimetallic clusters are shorter than those in the corresponding pure gold clusters. The ionization potentials of the bimetallic clusters Aun-1Cu （n 〈 9） are larger than those of the corresponding homoatomic gold clusters except for Aus. The energy gaps of the Au-Cu binary clusters are narrower than those of the Aun clusters except AuCu and Au3Cu. No obvious even-odd effect exists in the variations of the electron affinities and ionization potentials for the Aun-1Cu （n ≤ 9） clusters, which is in contrast to the case of gold clusters Aun.

关键词： Au-Cu bimetallic cluster equilibrium geometry bond energy HOMO-LUMO gap

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