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State-of-the-art and future directions of machine learning for biomass characterization and for sustainable biorefinery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第6期81卷 42-63,I0003页

作者： Aditya Velidandi Pradeep Kumar Gandam Madhavi Latha Chinta Srilekha Konakanchi Anji reddy Bhavanam Rama Raju Baadhe Minaxi Sharma james Gaffey Quang d.Nguyen Vijai Kumar Gupta Integrated Biorefinery Research Laboratory Department of BiotechnologyNational Institute of TechnologyWarangalTelangana 506004India Stem cell research laboratory Department of BiotechnologyNational Institute of TechnologyWarangalTelangana 506004India department of Biotechnology Chaitanya University(Deemed to be University)WarangalTelangana 506001India department of Chemical Engineering Dr.B.R.Ambedkar National Institute of Technology JalandharPunjab 144027India Haute Ecole Provinciale de Hainaut-Condorcet 7800 ATHBelgium department of Applied Biology University of Science and TechnologyMeghalaya 793101India Circular Bioeconomy Research Group Shannon Applied Biotechnology CentreMunster Technological UniversityKerryIreland department of Bioengineering and Alcoholic drink Technology Institute of Food Science and TechnologyHungarian University of Agriculture and Life SciencesH-1118 BudapestḾenesiút 45Hungary Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center SRUCKings BuildingsWest Mains RoadEdinburgh EH93JGUK department of Biotechnology Graphic Era Deemed to be UniversityDehradun 248002UttarakhandIndia

Machine learning(ML)has emerged as a significant tool in the field of biorefinery,offering the capability to analyze and predict complex processes with *** article reviews the current state of biorefinery and its classification,highlighting various commercially successful ***,we delve into different categories of ML models,including their algorithms and applications in various stages of biorefinery lifecycle,such as biomass characterization,pretreatment,lignin valorization,chemical,thermochemical and biochemical conversion processes,supply chain analysis,and life cycle *** benefits and limitations of each of these algorithms are discussed in ***,the article concludes with a discussion of the limitations and future prospects of ML in the field of biorefineries.

关键词： Biofuel Biomass characterization Biorefinery Life cycle assessment Machine learning Pretreatment

Sampling lattices in semi-grand canonical ensemble with autoregressive machine learning

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 588-597页

作者： james damewood daniel Schwalbe-Koda Rafael Gómez-Bombarelli department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AvenueCambridgeMA02319USA

Calculating thermodynamic potentials and observables efficiently and accurately is key for the application of statistical mechanics simulations to materials ***,naive Monte Carlo approaches,on which such calculations are often dependent,struggle to scale to complex materials in many state-of-the-art disciplines such as the design of high entropy alloys or multi-component *** address this issue,we adapt sampling tools built upon machine learning-based generative modeling to the materials space by transforming them into the semi-grand canonical ***,we show that the resulting models are transferable across wide ranges of thermodynamic conditions and can be implemented with any internal energy model U,allowing integration into many existing materials *** demonstrate the applicability of this approach to the simulation of benchmark systems (AgPd,CuAu) that exhibit diverse thermodynamic behavior in their phase ***,we discuss remaining challenges in model development and promising research directions for future improvements.

关键词： canonical thermodynamic directions

Parameter space for magnetization effects in high-energy-density plasmas

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2021年第6期6卷 36-44页

作者： james d.Sadler Hui Li Kirk A.Flippo Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNew Mexico 87545USA

Magnetic fields are well known to affect the evolution of fluids via the J3B force,where J is the current density and B is the magnetic *** force leads to the influence of magnetic fields on hydrodynamics(magnetohydrodynamics).Magnetic fields are often neglected in modeling of high-energy-density plasmas,since J 3 B is very small compared with the plasma pressure ***,many experiments lie in a separate part of parameter space where the plasma is indirectly affected via magnetization of the heat flux and charged particle *** is true even for initially unmagnetized plasmas,since misaligned density and temperature gradients can self-generate magnetic *** comparing terms in the induction equation,we go on to estimate the regions of parameter space where these self-generated fields are strong enough to affect the hydrodynamics.

关键词： field magnetization energy

Evaluation of clinical outcomes in an interdisciplinary abdominal pain clinic: A retrospective, exploratory review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第24期25卷 3079-3090页

作者： Amanda d deacy Craig A Friesen vincent S Staggs Jennifer V Schurman division of Gastroenterology Children’s Mercy Kansas CityUMKC School of MedicineKansas CityMO 64108United States division of developmental and Behavioral Sciences Children’s Mercy Kansas CityUMKC School of MedicineKansas CityMO 64108United States Biostatistics and Epidemiology Health Services and Outcomes ResearchChildren’s Mercy Kansas CityUMKC School of MedicineKansas CityMO 64108United States

BACKGROUNd Pediatric functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGIds)are common and wellaccepted to be etiologically complex in terms of the contribution of biological,psychological,and social factors to symptom ***,despite its documented benefits,interdisciplinary treatment,designed to address all of these factors,for pediatric FGIds remains *** current study hypothesized that the majority of pediatric patients seen in an interdisciplinary abdominal pain clinic(APC)would demonstrate clinical resolution of symptoms during the study period and that specific psychosocial variables would be significantly predictive of GI symptom *** To evaluate outcomes with interdisciplinary treatment in pediatric patients with pain-related FGIds and identify patient characteristics that predicted clinical *** Participants were 392 children,ages 8-18[M=13.8;standard deviation(Sd)=2.7],seen between August 1,2013 and June 15,2016 in an interdisciplinary APC housed within the division of Gastroenterology in a medium-sized Midwestern children's *** be eligible,patients had to be 8 years of age or older and have had abdominal pain for≥8 wk at the time of initial *** and psychosocial data collected as part of standard of care were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed in the context of the observational *** regression was used to model odds of reporting vs never reporting improvement,as well as to differentiate rapid from slower *** Nearly 70%of patients followed during the study period achieved resolution on at least one of the employed outcome *** those who achieved resolution during follow up,43%to 49%did so by the first follow up(i.e.,within roughly 2 mo after initial evaluation and initiation of interdisciplinary treatment).Patient age,sleep,ease of relaxation,and depression all significantly predicted the likelihood of *** specifically,the odds of clinical resolution w

关键词： Pediatric functional gastrointestinal disorders Integrated care Behavioral health consultation Treatment outcomes Abdominal pain clinic

Further discussion of CO_(2) huff-n-puff mechanisms in tight oil reservoirs based on NMR monitored fluids spatial distributions

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Petroleum Science 2023年第1期20卷 350-361页

作者： Wei-Yu Tang james J.Sheng Ting-Xue Jiang Unconventional Petroleum Research Institute China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China Bob L.Herd department of Petroleum Engineering Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTX79409USA Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering Beijing100101China

due to the poor physical properties of tight reservoirs,CO_(2) huff-n-puff(HNP)is considered a potential enhanced oil recovery(EOR)method after primary *** plays a critical role in the effective implementation of CO_(2) *** the optimization requires a good understanding of the EOR *** this work,the spatial distribution of oil saturation under different experimental conditions was analyzed by the NMR method to further discuss the HNP *** to the variation of 1d frequency signal amplitude,we divided the core into the hardly movable area and movable area,the region with the obvious signal decline was defined as the movable area,and the hardly movable area was the region with limited signal *** on that the recovery characteristics of different scenarios were ***,the necessity of the soaking stage was studied,where three scenarios with different soaking times were carried ***,the injection pressure was adjusted to investigate the effect of the pressure *** T_(2) spectra show that soaking has significantly improved the production of crude oil in small pores,and higher oil recovery in a single cycle is observed,but it is lower when the elapsed time(total operation time)is the same.31.03% of oil can be recovered after 3 cycles HNP,which increases to 33.8% and 37.06% for the 4 cycles and 6 cycles *** the pressure gradient increases,more oil is removed out of the matrix,and the oil in the deep part of the reservoir can be effectively *** the CO_(2) huff-n-puff process,the oil distributions are similar to the solution gas drive,the residual oil is distributed at the close end of the core and the range that the oil can be efficiently recovered is limited.

关键词： Tight reservoirs Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) CO_(2)huff-n-puff Enhanced oil recovery

decoding hereditary spastic paraplegia pathogenicity through transcriptomic profiling

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Zoological Research 2023年第3期44卷 650-662页

作者： Nicolas james Ho Xiao Chen Yong Lei Shen Gu School of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina dr.Li dak Sum-Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang 310058China Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang 310058China Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute&School of Basic Medicine Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang 310058China department of Sports Medicine Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang 310058China China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group(CORMed) HangzhouZhejiang310058 China School of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong(Shenzhen)ShenzhenGuangdong 518172China The Chinese University of Hong Kong(Shenzhen) Shenzhen Futian Biomedical Innovation R&D CenterShenzhenGuangdong 518172China Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine Ministry of EducationSchool of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Kunming Institute of Zoology-The Chinese University of Hong Kong(KIZ-CUHK)Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research of Common diseases Hong Kong SARChina Hong Kong Branch of CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina

Hereditary spastic paraplegia(HSP)is a group of genetic motor neuron diseases resulting from length-dependent axonal degeneration of the corticospinal upper motor *** to the advancement of next-generation sequencing,more than 70 novel HSP disease-causing genes have been identified in the past *** this,our understanding of HSP physiopathology and the development of efficient management and treatment strategies remain *** major challenge in studying HSP pathogenicity is selective neuronal vulnerability,characterized by the manifestation of clinical symptoms that are restricted to specific neuronal populations,despite the presence of germline disease-causing variants in every cell of the ***,disease genes may exhibit ubiquitous expression patterns and involve a myriad of different pathways to cause motor neuron *** the current review,we explore the correlation between transcriptomic data and clinical manifestations,as well as the importance of interspecies models by comparing tissue-specific transcriptomic profiles of humans and mice,expression patterns of different genes in the brain during development,and single-cell transcriptomic data from related ***,we discuss the potential of emerging single-cell RNA sequencing technologies to resolve unanswered questions related to HSP pathogenicity.

关键词： degeneration transcript hereditary

Thiopurine use associated with reduced B and natural killer cells in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第18期23卷 3240-3251页

作者： james d Lord donna M Shows Translational Research Program Benaroya Research Institute Gastroenterology division Virginia Mason Medical Center

AIM To identify which blood and mucosal lymphocyte populations are specifically depleted by thiopurine use in *** The thiopurines azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine have been a mainstay of inflammatory bowel disease(IBd) therapy for decades, but their mechanism of action in vivo remains obscure. Although thiopurines are lymphotoxic at high doses, and have been reported to cause T cell apoptosis in vitro, their ability to control IBd at lower doses suggests that they may selectively deplete particular lymphocyte populations. Blood cells from 19 IBd patients on a thiopurine, 19 IBd patients not on a thiopurine, and 38 matched healthy control subjects were analyzed by multiple multi-color flow cytometry panels to quantify the immune cell subsets contained therein, both as a percent of cells, and as an absolute cell count. Similar analyses were performed on colon biopsies from 17 IBd patients on a thiopurine, 17 IBd patients not on a thiopurine, and 49 healthy screening colonoscopy *** Complete blood counts revealed lower lymphocyte, but not monocyte or granulocyte, counts in IBd patients who were taking thiopurines at the timeof sampling. This reduction was restricted to Cd3-negative lymphocytes, wherein both natural killer(NK) and B cells were significantly reduced among thiopurine recipients. Among Cd19+ B cells, the transitional B cells were particularly depleted, being nearly absent in both blood and colon biopsies of thiopurine recipients. No differences were associated with thiopurine use in Cd8+ T cells, mucosa-associated invariant T(MAIT) cells, invariant natural killer T(i NKT) cells, gamma/delta T cells, Th1, Th17, regulatory T cells(Tregs) or na?ve Cd4+ T cells. However, patients with IBd had significantly more circulating FOXP3+, Helios+ Tregs and fewer iN KT and MAIT cells than healthy controls. CONCLUSION Thiopurine use is associated with reduced B and NK cell, but not T cell, subpopulations in the blood of IBd patients.

关键词： Thiopurine Azathioprine Mercaptopurine 淋巴细胞自然漂亮房间过渡 B 房间煽动性的肠疾病

Treatment of Neuropathic Pain with Plant Medicines

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2012年第8期18卷 565-570页

作者： Garima Garg james d.Adams department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences School of PharmacyUniversity of Southern California1985 Zonal AvenueLos AngelesCA 90089-9121USA

Neuropathic pain is a common and very prevalent disorder affecting the citizens of both developed and developing countries. The approved and licensed drugs for neuropathic pain are reported to have associated side effects. Traditional plant treatments have been used throughout the world for the treatment of neuropathic pain. Among the many medications and other alternative medicines, several herbs are known to cure and control neuropathic pain with no side effects. The present paper discusses the plants with neuropathic pain and related beneficial effects originating from different parts of world that are of current interest.

关键词： neuropathic pain peripheral neuropathy medicinal plants

Micromorphic theory:a gateway to nano world

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2010年第2期1卷 115-135页

作者： Xianqiao Wang james d.Lee department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The George Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA

Micromorphic theory(MMT)envisions a material body as a continuous collection of deformable particles;each possesses finite size and inner *** is considered as the most successful top-down formulation of a two-level continuum model,in which the deformation is expressed as a sum of macroscopic continuous deformation and internal microscopic deformation of the inner *** this work,the kinematics including the objective Eringen tensors is *** laws are derived by requiring the energy equation to be form-invariant under the generalized Galilean *** concept of material force and the balance law of pseudomomentum are generalized for *** axiomatic approach is demonstrated in the formulation of constitutive equations for a generalized micromorphic thermoviscoelastic solid,generalized micromorphic fluid,micromorphic plasticity,and micromorphic electromagnetic-thermoelastic *** of MMT in micro/nanoscale are discussed.

关键词： micromorphic theory Eringen tensors constitutive theory generalized micromorphic solid/fluid electromagnetic-thermoelastic coupling micro/nanomechanics