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Journal of Semicond.ctors 2024年第9期45卷 28-35页

作者： Leonard. N.Rod.igues Wesley F.Inoch Marcos L.F.Gomes Od.lon d.d.Couto jr. bráulio S.Archanjo Sukarno O.Ferreira Physics d.partment Federal University of ViçosaViçosa36570-900Minas GeraisBrazil Instituto d. Física Gleb Wataghin Universidade Estadual de CampinasCampinas13083-859São PauloBrazil National Institute of Metrology Quality and.Technology(Inmetro) Materials Metrology Division(DIMAT)Xerém2525-020Rio de JaneiroBrazil

This work shows that d.spite a lattice mismatch of almost 20%, Cd.nTe/Cd.e/Cd.nTe heterostructures grown d.rectly on Si(111) have surprisingly good.optical emission properties. The investigated.structures were grown by molecular beam epitaxy and.characterized.by scanning transmission electron microscopy, macro-and.micro-photoluminescence. Low temperature macro-photoluminescence experiments ind.cate three emission band. which d.pend.on the Cd.e layer thickness and.have d.fferent confinement characteristics. Temperature measurements reveal that the lower energy emission band.(at 1.48 eV)is associated.to d.fects and.bound.exciton states, while the main emission at 1.61 eV has a weak 2d.character and.the higher energy one at 1.71 eV has a well-d.fined.(zero-d.mensional, 0d. 0d.nature. Micro-photoluminescence measurements show the existence of sharp and.strongly circularly polarized.(up to 40%) emission lines which can be related.to the presence of Mn in the heterostructure. This result opens the possibility of prod.cing photon sources with the typical spin control of the d.luted.magnetic semicond.ctors using the low-cost silicon technology.

关键词： Cd.nTe/Cd.e/Cd.nTe heterostructure Cd.e/Cd.nTe quantum emitters quantum d.t-like emission silicon(111)substrate

Between Quantum Mechanics and.General Relativity

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Journal of Mod.rn Physics 2024年第8期15卷 1199-1228页

作者： Walter james Christensen jr. d.partment of Physics and.Astronomy Cal Poly Pomona University Pomona USA

The origin of elementary particle mass is consid.red.as a function of n-valued.graviton quanta. To d.velop this concept we begin in a cold.region of “empty space” comprised.of only microscopic gravitons oscillating at angular frequency ω. From opposite d.rections enters a pair of stray protons. Upon collid.ng, heat and.energy are released. Customarily, this phase and.what follows afterward.would.be d.scribed.by Quantum Chromod.namics (QCd.. Instead. we argue for an intermed.ary step. One in which neighboring gravitons absorb d.screte amounts of plane-wave energy. Captured.by the graviton, the planewave becomes a stand.ng wave, whereupon its electromagnetic energy d.nsities are converted.into gravitational quanta. Immed.ately thereafter an elementary particle is formed.and.emitted. having both mass and.spin. From absorption to conversion to emission occurs in less than 3.7 × 10−16 s. d.ring this basic unit of hybrid.time, general relativity and.quantum physics unite into a common set of physical laws. As ad.itional stray protons collid. the process continues. Over eons, vast regions of spacetime become populated.with low-mass particles. These we recognize to be d.rk matter by its effects on large scale structures in the universe. Its counterpart, d.rk energy, arises when the conversion of gravitational quanta to particle emission is interrupted. This causes the gravitational quanta to be ejected. It is recognized.by its large scale effects on the universe.

关键词： d.rk Matter and.Energy Gravitational Quanta Graviton Stand.ng Wave Schwarzschild.Metric General Relativity Quantum Physics Unified.Field.Theory Blackholes

Localized.states quantum confinement ind.ced.by roughness in Cd.nTe/Cd.e heterostructures grown on Si(111) substrates

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Journal of Semicond.ctors 2024年第9期 34-42页

作者： Leonard. d. Nascimento Rod.igues Wesley Fiorio lnoch Marcos L.F.Gomes Od.lon d.d.Couto jr. bráulio S.Archanjo Sukarno Olavo Ferreira Physics d.partment Federal University of Vi?osa Instituto d. Física Gleb Wataghin Universidade Estadual de Campinas National Institute of Metrology Quality and.Technology (Inmetro) Materials Metrology Division (DIMAT)

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2024 Ad.lt Compend.um of Physical Activities:A third.upd.te of the energy costs of human activities

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Journal of Sport and.Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 6-12页

作者： Stephen d.Herrmann Erik A.Willis Barbara E.Ainsworth Tiago V.Barreira Mary Hastert Chelsea L.Kracht John M.Schuna jr. Zhenghui Cai Minghui Quan Catrine Tud.r-Locke Melicia C.Whitt-Glover d.vid.R. Jacobs jr. Kansas Center for Metabolism and.Obesity Research University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA d.vision of Physical Activity and.Weight Management Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Center for Health Promotion and.d.sease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School of Exercise and.Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Exercise Science d.partment Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA Clinical Sciences d.vision Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA School of Exercise and.Sport Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA College of Health and.Human Services University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA Gramercy Research Group KnightdaleNC 27545USA d.vision of Epid.miology and.Community Health School of Public HealthUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55454USA

Background.The Compend.um of Physical Activities was published.in 1993 to improve the comparability of energy expend.ture values assigned.to self-reported.physical activity(PA)across *** original version was upd.ted.in 2000,and.again in 2011,and.has been widely used.to support PA research,practice,and.public health ***:This 2024 upd.te was tailored.for ad.lts 19-59 years of age by removing d.ta from those≥60 *** a systematic review and.supplementary searches,we id.ntified.new activities and.their associated.measured.metabolic equivalent(MET)values(using ind.rect calorimetry)published.since *** replaced.estimated.METs with measured.values when ***:We screened.32,173 abstracts and.1507 full-text papers and.extracted.2356 PA energy expend.ture values from 701 *** ad.ed.03 new PAs and.ad.usted.176 existing MET values and.d.scriptions to reflect the ad.ition of new d.ta and.removal of METs for old.r *** ad.ed.a Major Head.ng(Vid.o Games).The 2024 Ad.lt Compend.um includ.s 1114 PAs(912 with measured.and.202 with estimated.values)across 22 Major ***:This comprehensive upd.te and.refinement led.to the creation of The 2024 Ad.lt Compend.um,which has utility across research,public health,ed.cation,and.healthcare d.mains,as well as in the d.velopment of consumer health *** new website with the complete lists of PAs and.supporting resources is available at https://***.

关键词： Ad.lts Energy expend.ture Exercise MET Physical Activities

Ad.ancements in Catalysts for Electrochemical Nitrate Red.ction: A Sustainable Approach for Mitigating Nitrate Pollution: A Review

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Mod.rn Research in Catalysis 2024年第1期13卷 1-28页

作者： Gerald.d. S. Quoie jr. Jean Pierre Bavumiragira Varney Kromah State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and.Resources Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai China Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai China d.partment of Mining Engineering College of Engineering University of Liberia Monrovia Liberia

Nitrate pollution is of great importance in both the environmental and.health contexts, necessitating the d.velopment of efficient mitigation strategies. This review provid.s a comprehensive analysis of the many catalysts employed.in the electrochemical red.ction of nitrate to ammonia, and.presents a viable environmentally friend.y approach to ad.ress the issue of nitrate pollution. Hence, the electrochemical transformation of nitrate to ammonia serves the d.al purpose of ad.ressing nitrate pollution in water bod.es, and.is a useful agricultural resource. This review examines a range of catalyst materials such as noble and.non-noble metals, metal oxid.s, carbon-based.materials, nitrogen-d.ped.carbon species, metal complexes, and.semicond.ctor photocatalysts. It evaluates catalytic efficiency, selectivity, stability, and.overall process optimization. The performance of catalysts is influenced.by various factors, includ.ng reaction cond.tions, catalyst structure, load.ng techniques, and.electrod. interfaces. Comparative analysis was performed.to evaluate the catalytic activity, selectivity, Farad.ic efficiency, current d.nsity, stability, and.d.rability of the catalysts. This assessment offers significant perspectives on the structural, compositional, and.electrochemical characteristics that affect the efficacy of these catalysts, thus informing future investigations and.ad.ancements in this d.main. In ad.ition to mitigating nitrate pollution, the electrochemical red.ction of nitrate to ammonia is in line with sustainable agricultural method., resource conservation, and.the utilization of renewable energy resources. This stud. explores the factors that affect the catalytic efficiency, provid.s new opportunities to ad.ress nitrate pollution, and.promotes the d.velopment of sustainable environmental solutions.

关键词： Nitrate Pollution Electrochemical Red.ction Ammonia Sustainable Farming Catalysts

A brief history of the Compend.um of Physical Activities

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Journal of Sport and.Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 3-5页

作者： Barbara E.Ainsworth Stephen d.Herrmann d.vid.R.Jacobs jr. Melicia C.Whitt-Glover Catrine Tud.r-Locke School of Exercise and.Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA Kansas Center for Metabolism and.Obesity Research University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA d.vision of Epid.miology and.Community Health University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55455USA Gramercy Research Group KnightdaleNC 27545USA College of Health and.Human Services University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA

The Compend.um of Physical Activities(Compend.um)was d.veloped.to ad.ress consistent assignment of physical activity(PA)intensity values used.in PA epid.miology research of the association between PA and.health outcomes.1The known protective effects of PA on incid.nt health outcomes traces to the mid.1900s,with over 50 stud.es examining coronary heart d.sease(CHd.as the outcome of interest.

关键词： epid.miology Activities protective

Microstructure and.forming mechanism of metals subjected.to ultrasonic vibration plastic forming: A mini review

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and.Materials 2024年第6期31卷 1322-1332页

作者： Qinghe Cui Xuefeng Liu Wenjing Wang Shaojie Tian Vasili Rubanik Vasili Rubanik jr. d.mitry Bahrets Beijing Ad.anced.Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Laboratory of Metallic Materials and.Processing for Mod.rn Transportation University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Institute for Ad.anced.Materials and.Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Institute of Technical Acoustics National Academy of SciencesVitebsk 210009Belarus

Compared.with trad.tional plastic forming,ultrasonic vibration plastic forming has the ad.antages of red.cing the forming force and.improving the surface quality of the *** technology has a very broad.application prospect in ind.strial *** have cond.cted.extensive research on the ultrasonic vibration plastic forming of metals and.laid.a d.ep found.tion for the d.velopment of this *** this review,metals were classified.accord.ng to their crystal *** effects of ultrasonic vibration on the microstructure of face-centered.cubic,bod.-centered.cubic,and.hexagonal close-packed.metals d.ring plastic forming and.the mech-anism und.rlying ultrasonic vibration forming were *** main challenges and.future research d.rection of the ultrasonic vibra-tion plastic forming of metals were also d.scussed.

关键词： ultrasonic vibration plastic forming crystal structure microstructure forming mechanism

Insm1:orchestrating cellular mimicry in the thymus med.lla

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 414-416页

作者： K.d.james J.E.Cowan UCL Institute of Immunity and.Transplantation The Pears BuildingRowland Hill StreetLondonNW32PPUK

The thymus is the primary prod.ction site for a functional and.self-tolerant T-cell *** establishment of immune tolerance is med.ated.by the generation and.presentation of tissue-restricted.self-antigens(TRAs)by med.llary thymic epithelial cells(mTECs),which screen T-cell receptors for self-reactivity to eliminate autoreactive T *** stud.es have extend.d.our und.rstand.ng of mTEC heterogeneity by examining the mechanisms by which mTECs mimic the peripheral self[1].

关键词： med.llary eliminate restricted

Old.r Ad.lt Compend.um of Physical Activities:Energy costs of human activities in ad.lts aged.60 and.old.r

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Journal of Sport and.Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 13-17,F0003页

作者： Erik A.Willis Stephen d.Herrmann Mary Hastert Chelsea L.Kracht Tiago V.Barreira John M.Schuna jr. Zhenghua Cai Minghui Quan Scott A.Conger Wend. J.brown Barbara E.Ainsworth Center for Health Promotion and.d.sease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Kansas Center for Metabolism and.Obesity Research The University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA d.vision of Physical Activity and.Weight Management Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Clinical Science d.vision Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA Exercise Science d.partment Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA School of Exercise&Sport Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA School of Exercise and.Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China d.partment of Kinesiology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA School of Human Movement and.Nutrition Sciences The University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQLD 4072Australia Faculty of Health Sciences and.Med.cine Bond UniversityGold CoastQLD 4229Australia College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA

Purpose:To d.scribe the d.velopment of a Compend.um for estimating the energy costs of activities in ad.lts>60 years(OA Compend.um).Method.:Physical activities(PAs)and.their metabolic equivalent of task(MET)values were obtained.from a systematic search of stud.es published.in 4 sport and.exercise d.tabases(PubMed.Embase,SPORTd.scus(EBSCOhost),and.Scopus)and.a review of articles includ.d.in the 2011 Ad.lt Compend.um that measured.PA in old.r *** values were computed.as the oxygen cost(VO_(2),mL/kg/min)d.ring PA d.vid.d.by 2.7 m L/kg/min(MET_(60+))to account for the lower resting metabolic rate in old.r ***:We id.ntified.68 articles and.extracted.energy expend.ture d.ta on 427 *** these,we d.rived.99 unique Specific Activity cod.s with correspond.ng MET_(60+)values for old.r *** d.veloped.a website to present the OA Compend.um MET_(60+)values:https://***:The OA Compend.um uses d.ta collected.from ad.lts>60 years for more accurate estimation of the energy cost of PAs in old.r *** is an accessible resource that will allow researchers,ed.cators,and.practitioners to find.MET_(60+)values for old.r ad.lts for use in PA research and.practice.

关键词： Energy expend.ture Exercise MET Old.r ad.lts

Competitive interactions and.coexistence of sympatric flagship carnivores in Asia

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 183-199页

作者： Zhilin LI Jiayu LU Xiaoyi SHI Li’an d.O james L.d.SMITH Tianming WANG Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and.Utilization of Animal d.versity College of Life SciencesTianjin Normal UniversityTianjinChina d.partment of Fisheries Wildlife and Conservation BiologyUniversity of MinnesotaSt.PaulMinnesotaUSA Ministry of Ed.cation Key Laboratory for Biod.versity Science and.Engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina National Forestry and.Grassland.Ad.inistration Key Laboratory for Conservation Ecology of Northeast Tiger and.Leopard BeijingChina

Und.rstand.ng the competition and.coexistence of flagship carnivores is key to creating strategies for their conservation in the face of global carnivore *** stud.es exploring the d.namics and.competition between tigers(Panthera tigris)and.leopard.(***)span d.cad.s,there is a lack of und.rstand.ng regard.ng the factors that influence their coexistence mechanisms on a broad.scale,as well as the d.ivers d.termining their exploitative and.interference *** gathered.a comprehensive list of research papers among which 36 papers explored.the interspecific interactions between tigers and.leopard. and.tested.the influence of biotic and.abiotic factors on the coexistence mechanisms along three d.mensions using multiple response variables regression models;we also tested.the influence of ecological d.ivers d.termining the exploitative or interference competition between tigers and.*** and.ungulate d.nsity were the most important pred.ctors in regulating the coexistence *** and.leopard. exhibited.more positive relations/higher overlaps as elevation increased.in the spatial *** ad.ition,they showed.a higher d.etary overlap in the prey-rich *** d.termined.that interference competition between tigers and.leopard. was less frequently observed.in habitats with d.nse tree cover and.homogeneous vegetation ***,stud.es with multiple metrics would.promote the d.tection of interference *** stud. provid.s new insight into the competitive interactions and.coexistence mechanisms of tigers and.leopard. on a broad.***-makers and.managers should.pay more attention to the factors of elevation,prey abund.nce,and.habitat structures for the conservation of tigers and.leopard..

关键词： carnivores coexistence mechanisms competitive interactions exploitative competition interference competition