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Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： carina Hromada Patrick Heimel Markus Kerbl LászlóGál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Schaedl james Ferguson Nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes c.Heinzel Antal Nógrádi Andreas H.Teuschl-Woller David Hercher Department Life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNGcs). However, the use of tNGcs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNGc would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNGcs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNGcs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNGcs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNGcs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNGcs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNGcs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNGcs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

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Fully integrated and broadband Si-rich silicon nitride wavelength converter based on Bragg scattering intermodal four-wave mixing

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 I0001-I0010页

作者： VALERIO VITALI THALÍA DOMÍNGUEZ BUcIO HAO LIU JOSÉMANUEL LUQUE GONZÁLEZ FRANcIScO JURADO-ROMERO ALEJANDRO ORTEGA-MOÑUX GLENN cHURcHILL james c.GATES james HILLIER NIKOLAOS KALFAGIANNIS DANIELE MELATI JENS H.ScHMID ILARIA cRISTIANI PAVEL cHEBEN J.GONZALO WANGÜEMERT-PÉREZ ÑIGO MOLINA-FERNÁNDEZ FREDERIc GARDES cOSIMO LAcAVA PERIKLIS PETROPOULOS Optoelectronics Research centre University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering DepartmentUniversity of PaviaPavia 27100Italy Telecommunication Research Institute(TELMA) Universidad de MálagaCEI Andalucı´a TECHE.T.S.I.Telecomunicación29010 MálagaSpain School of Science and Technology Nottingham Trent UniversityNottingham NG118NSUK Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5600 MBThe Netherlands Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of IoanninaIoannina 45110Greece centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies UniversitéParis-SaclayCNRS91120 PalaiseauFrance Advanced Electronics and Photonics Research center National Research Council CanadaOttawaOntario K1A 0R6Canada

Intermodal four-wave mixing(FWM)processes have recently attracted significant interest for all-optical signal processing applications thanks to the possibility to control the propagation properties of waves exciting distinct spatial modes of the same *** allows,in principle,to place signals in different spectral regions and satisfy the phase matching condition over considerably larger bandwidths compared to intramodal ***,the demonstrations reported so far have shown a limited bandwidth and suffered from the lack of on-chip components designed for broadband manipulation of different *** demonstrate here a silicon-rich silicon nitride wavelength converter based on Bragg scattering intermodal FWM,which integrates mode conversion,multiplexing and de-multiplexing functionalities *** system enables wavelength conversion between pump waves and a signal located in different telecommunication bands(separated by 60 nm)with a 3 dB bandwidth exceeding 70 nm,which represents,to our knowledge,the widest bandwidth ever achieved in an intermodal FWM-based system.

关键词： scattering pump modal

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Mathematical Modelling and Design of Helical coil Heat Exchanger for Production of Hot Air for Fluidized Bed Dryer

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Advances in chemical Engineering and Science 2024年第3期14卷 125-136页

作者： Iniubong james Uwa Uwem Ekwere Inyang Innocent Oseribho Oboh Department of chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Uyo Uyo Nigeria

In global industrialization, efforts have been made to increase the rate of heat transfer in heat exchanger, minimizing the size of heat exchanger to reduce cost as well as increasing the effectiveness. Helical coil heat exchanger (HcHE) has been proven to be effective in improving heat transfer due to its large surface area. In this study, HcHE was designed to provide hot air needed for fluidized bed drying processes. The HcHE design model was fabricated and evaluated to study the efficiency of the hot air output for a laboratory fluidized bed dryer. The mathematical model for estimation of the final (output) temperature of air, Taf, passing through the HcHE was developed and validated experimentally. The drying of bitter kola particulates was carried out with a drying temperature of 50c 3c and a bed height-to-bed diameter ratio (H/D) of 1.5. The time taken to dry bitter kola particulates to 0.4% moisture content was 1 hour 45 minutes. Hence, HcHE is recommended for use in the production of hot for laboratory-scale fluidized bed dryers.

关键词： Helical coil Heat Exchanger Fluidized Bed Dryer Heat Transfer Output Air Temperature

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coconut Fiber Pyrolysis: Bio-Oil characterization for Potential Application as an Alternative Energy Source and Production of Bio-Degradable Plastics

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2024年第2期12卷 310-319页

作者： Patrick Ssemujju Lubowa Hiram Ndiritu Peter Oketch james Mutua Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Pan African University Institute for Basic Sciences Technology and Innovations Nairobi Kenya Department of Mechanical Engineering Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya

The current energy crisis could be alleviated by enhancing energy generation using the abundant biomass waste resources. Agricultural and forest wastes are the leading organic waste streams that can be transformed into useful alternative energy resources. Pyrolysis is one of the technologies for converting biomass into more valuable products, such as bio-oil, bio-char, and syngas. This work investigated the production of bio-oil through batch pyrolysis technology. A fixed bed pyrolyzer was designed and fabricated for bio-oil production. The major components of the system include a fixed bed reactor, a condenser, and a bio-oil collector. The reactor was heated using a cylindrical biomass external heater. The pyrolysis process was carried out in a reactor at a pressure of 1atm and a varying operating temperature of 150˚c, 250˚c, 350˚c to 450˚c for 120 minutes. The mass of 1kg of coconut fiber was used with particle sizes between 2.36 mm - 4.75 mm. The results show that the higher the temperature, the more volume of bio-oil produced, with the highest yield being 39.2%, at 450˚c with a heating rate of 10˚c/min. The Fourier transformation Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy analysis was used to analyze the bio-oil components. The obtained bio-oil has a pH of 2.4, a density of 1019.385 kg/m3, and a calorific value of 17.5 MJ/kg. The analysis also showed the presence of high-oxygenated compounds;carboxylic acids, phenols, alcohols, and branched oxygenated hydrocarbons as the main compounds present in the bio-oil. The results inferred that the liquid product could be bestowed as an alternative resource for polycarbonate material production.

关键词： Batch Pyrolysis Technology coconut Fiber Bio-Oil Fourier Transformation Infrared Analysis

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The Dallas Donation after circulatory Death Transplantation Summit:expanding donation after circulatory death procedures through process improvement,broader utilization,and innovation

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第5期13卷 824-836,I0009页

作者： Michele Finotti Anji Wall Anthony D’Alessandro Gary Schwartz chris Sonnenday David Goldberg Ashish Shah Peter Friend Jeff P.Orlowski Greg McKenna Steve Newton Brad Adams William c.chapman Amit Mathur Marwan Abouljoud Tim Pruett Amelia Hessheimer james F.Trotter Sumeet K.Asrani Giuliano Testa Simmons Transplant Institute Baylor University Medical CenterDallasTXUSA Hepatobiliary and General Surgery Unit Regional Hospital TrevisoDISCOGUniversity of PaduaPaduaItaly Division of Transplantation Department of SurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWIUSA Department of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation Baylor University Medical CenterCenter for Advanced Heart and Lung DiseaseDallasTXUSA Department of Surgery University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Division of Digestive Health and Liver Diseases Department of MedicineUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of cardio-Thoracic Surgery Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTNUSA Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences University of OxfordOxfordUK LifeShare Transplant Donor Services of Oklahoma Oklahoma CityOKUSA Administration Baylor University Medical CenterDallasTXUSA Southwest Transplant Alliance DallasTXUSA Department of Surgery/Transplantation Washington UniversitySt.LouisMOUSA Division of Transplant Surgery Department of SurgeryMayo Clinic ArizonaAlix School of MedicinePhoenixAZUSA Divisions of Transplant and Hepatobiliary Surgery Henry Ford HospitalDetroitMIUSA Department of Surgery University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA General and Digestive Surgery Hospital Universitario La PazIdiPAZMadridSpain

Despite a significant increase in utilization over the past decade,the number of donation after circulatory death(DcD)organs that are procured and transplanted in the United States(US)remains well below its *** is still room for expansion,as utilizing DcD organs to the fullest extent is currently the most viable solution to the persistent mismatch between supply and demand in *** convened a multidisciplinary transplantation summit to examine various aspects of DcD,with faculty members from around the world with clinical and academic interest in DcD donation and transplantation,including abdominal and cardiothoracic surgeons,organ procurement organization directors,hepatologists,and *** conference focused on identifying barriers to DcD organ utilization and strategies to overcome these *** divide the barriers to DcD utilization into three mains categories:(Ⅰ)policy and process variation;(II)logistical and transportation challenges;and(Ⅲ)higher risk perceptions related to DcD *** each barrier,we proposed a variety of solutions,providing an overview of the status of DcD donation in the US and suggestions on how to increase the use of *** is a specific focus on ex situ machine perfusion,normothermic regional perfusion,and other opportunities to expand DcD utilization without negatively impacting recipient outcomes.

关键词： Donation after circulatory death donation(DcD donation) marginal graft donor pool machine perfusion(MP)

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Individual automatic detection and identification of big cats with the combination of different body parts

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第1期18卷 157-168页

作者： chunmei SHI Jing XU Nathan james roberts Dan LIU Guangshun JIANG college of Mathematics and computer Science Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry UniversityHangzhouChina Department of Mathematics School of ScienceNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbinChina Feline Research center National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationCollege of Wildlife and Protected AreasNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbinChina Siberian Tiger Park HarbinChina

The development of facial recognition technology has become an increasingly powerful tool in wild animal indi-vidual *** this paper,we develop an automatic detection and recognition method with the combinations of body features of big cats based on the deep convolutional neural network(cNN).We collected dataset including 12244 images from 47 individual Amur tigers(Panthera tigris altaica)at the Siberian Tiger Park by mobile phones and digital camera and 1940 images and videos of 12 individual wild Amur leopard(Panthera pardus orientalis)by infrared ***,the single shot multibox detector algorithm is used to perform the automatic detection process of feature regions in each *** the different feature regions of the image,like face stripe or spots,cNNs and multi-layer perceptron models were applied to automatically identify tiger and leopard individuals,*** results show that the identiﬁcation accuracy of Amur tiger can reach up to 93.27%for face front,93.33%for right body stripe,and 93.46%for left body ***,the combination of right face,left body stripe,and right body stripe achieves the highest accuracy rate,up to 95.55%.consequently,the combination of different body parts can improve the individual identiﬁcation ***,it is not the higher the number of body parts,the higher the accuracy *** combination model with 3 body parts has the highest *** identiﬁcation accuracy of Amur leopard can reach up to 86.90%for face front,89.13%for left body spots,and 88.33%for right body *** accuracy of different body parts combination is lower than the independent *** wild Amur leopard,the combination of face with body spot part is not helpful for the improvement of identiﬁcation *** most effective identiﬁcation part is still the independent left or right body spot *** can be applied in long-term monitoring of big cats,including big data analysis for animal behavior,and be helpful

关键词： combination of body parts individual automatic identiﬁcation object detection Panthera pardus orientalis Panthera tigris altaica

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Assessing the Efficacy of Lemongrass (cymbopogon citratus) and Sambong (Blumea balsamifera) Extracts in combating Black Pod Disease: Sustainable Solutions for controlling Phytophthora megakarya in cameroon’s cocoa Plantations

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 519-537页

作者： Gertrude Membang james Michel Tchotet Tchoumi Godswill Ntsomboh Ntsefong Emmanuel Yvan Mba Ela Sylvere Landry Lontsi Dida Ludovic Tchuenkam Tsango Pascal Loïc Ekango Mbondjo Fritz Oben Tabi Innovative Plant Health Laboratory Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences (FASA)-Bafia Annex University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon IDepartment of Plant Biology Faculty of Science University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Laboratory of Phytopathology and crop Protection Faculty of Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences (FASA) University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

The use of plant extracts as antifungal agents is gaining increasing attention, particularly for the control of black pod disease in cocoa. Despite extensive research, current strategies haven’t been entirely effective. This study evaluated the effectiveness of cymbopogon citratus and Blumea balsamifora leaf extracts, both individually and in combination, against Phytophthora megakarya. We assessed the efficacy of the most promising combination (75% B. balsamifera, 25% c. citratus) after storage at room temperature for up to 9 days. Agar microdilution and in vivo bioassays were conducted to determine antifungal susceptibility and effectiveness. Blumea extract exhibited the highest overall inhibitory activity, with the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (117 µl mL−1) while c. citratus had a narrower range of MIc (146 to 233 µl mL−1). The combination of c. citratus and B. balsamifera demonstrated a synergistic effect against P. megakarya, achieving growth inhibition on V8 media (92.72 ± 4.20% to 100%) and on artificially infected detached pod cortex (92.24 ± 4.53% to 98.75 ± 1.25%), which was not significantly different from the positive control (Ridomil). Furthermore, this combination maintained its effectiveness for up to 9 days at room temperature. These findings suggest that combining plant extracts can enhance their antifungal properties.

关键词： Plant Extracts Antifungal Agents Synergistic Effect Black Pod Disease cocoa

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Urban Soil compaction Remediation by Shallow Tillage and compost in Hydroseeded Lawn

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2024年第7期14卷 399-415页

作者： james Jihoon Kang Adam Flores Engil Isadora Pujol Pereira Jungseok Ho School of Earth Environmental and Marine Sciences University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Edinburg Texas USA Environmental Health and Safety University of Texas Health San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA Department of civil Engineering University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Edinburg Texas USA

construction activities often involve removal of topsoil and compaction of the exposed soil by heavy equipments. Such compacted soils with low organic matter can lead to low infiltration and poor vegetation establishment. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of tillage (shallow till) and compost on soil physical and biological properties in a hydroseeded lawn as a post-construction best management practice for soil compaction remediation. The experimental site received a total of four land treatments in five replicated trials and it was hydroseeded with common Bermuda grass: 1) No Tillage + compost (NT-c), 2) No Tillage + No compost (NT-Nc;control), 3) Tillage + compost (T-c), and 4) Tillage + No compost (T-Nc). Bulk density (BD), infiltration rate (IR), and wet aggregate stability (WAS) in each plot were measured to assess soil physical properties while soil organic matter (SOM) and enzyme activity (β-glucosidase, acid-phosphatase, and alkaline-phosphatase) were measured for soil biological properties. Over a 15-months of monitoring period, the shallow tillage loosened the soil initially, but its effect on BD without compost was diminished to control plot level (NT-Nc) within 4 months after hydroseeding. Both tillage and compost led to an increase in IR, and it remained higher than control by 2 - 3 times throughout the observation period. The WAS and β-glucosidase activity decreased in tilled plot unless there was compost application. Turfgrass showed greener leaves and aggregated roots in the compost-amended plots (NT-c and T-c). Our results suggest that compost application plays a key role in improving soil physical and biological properties in hydroseeded lawns from construction sites.

关键词： compaction compost Infiltration Soil Organic Matter Soil Enzyme Tillage Wet Aggregate Stability

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Assessing the dynamics and impact of cOVID-19 vaccination on disease spread:A data-driven approach

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第2期9卷 527-556页

作者： Farhad Waseel George Streftaris Bhuvendhraa Rudrusamy Sarat c.Dass School of Mathematical and computer Sciences Heriot-Watt University MalaysiaPutrajayaMalaysia School of Mathematical and computer Sciences Heriot-Watt UniversityEdinburghUnited Kingdom School of Engineering and Physical Sciences Heriot-Watt University MalaysiaPutrajayaMalaysia Maxwell Institute for Mathematical Sciences United Kingdom Faculty of Mathematics Kabul UniversityKabulAfghanistan

The cOVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted global health,social,and economic situations since its emergence in December *** primary focus of this study is to propose a distinct vaccination policy and assess its impact on controlling cOVID-19 transmission in Malaysia using a Bayesian data-driven approach,concentrating on the year *** employ a compartmental Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered-Vaccinated(SEIRV)model,incorporating a time-varying transmission rate and a data-driven method for its estimation through an Exploratory Data Analysis(EDA)*** no vaccine guarantees total immunity against the disease,and vaccine immunity wanes over time,it is critical to include and accurately estimate vaccine efficacy,as well as a constant vaccine immunity decay or wane factor,to better simulate the dynamics of vaccine-induced protection over *** on the distribution and effectiveness of vaccines,we integrated a data-driven estimation of vaccine efficacy,calculated at 75%for Malaysia,underscoring the model's realism and relevance to the specific context of the *** Bayesian inference framework is used to assimilate various data sources and account for underlying uncertainties in model *** model is fitted to real-world data from Malaysia to analyze disease spread trends and evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed vaccination *** findings reveal that this distinct vaccination policy,which emphasizes an accelerated vaccination rate during the initial stages of the program,is highly effective in mitigating the spread of cOVID-19 and substantially reducing the pandemic peak and new *** study found that vaccinating 57–66%of the population(as opposed to 76%in the real data)with a better vaccination policy such as proposed here is able to significantly reduce the number of new infections and ultimately reduce the costs associated with new *** study contributes to the development of a robust and informati

关键词： Bayesian inference SEIRV cOVID-19 Vaccination policy Importance sampling Malaysia Data-driven

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Amur tiger stripes:individual identification based on deep convolutional neural network

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第6期15卷 461-470页

作者： chunmei SHI Dan LIU Yonglu cUI Jiajun XIE Nathan james roberts Guangshun JIANG Department of Mathematics School of ScienceNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbinChina Feline Research center National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationCollege of Wildlife and Protected AreasNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbinChina Siberian Tiger Park HarbinHeilongjiangChina

The automatic individual identification of Amur tigers(Panthera tigris altaica)is important for population monitoring and making effective conservation *** existing research primarily relies on manual identifi-cation,which does not scale well to large *** this paper,the deep convolution neural networks algorithm is constructed to implement the automatic individual identification for large numbers of Amur tiger *** experimental data were obtained from 40 Amur tigers in Tieling Guaipo Tiger Park,*** number of images collected from each tiger was approximately 200,and a total of 8277 images were *** experiments were carried out on both the left and right side of *** results suggested that the recognition accuracy rate of left and right sides are 90.48%and 93.5%,*** accuracy of our network has achieved the similar level compared to other state of the art networks like LeNet,ResNet34,and ZF_*** running time is much shorter than that of other ***,this study can provide a new approach on automatic individual identification technology in the case of the Amur tiger.

关键词： Amur tiger deep convolutional neural network individual identification stripe feature

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