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Direct measurement of the break-out 19F(p,γ)20Ne reaction in the china Jinping underground laboratory(cJPL)

Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第8期35卷 142-152页

作者： Yin‑Ji chen Hao Zhang Li‑Yong Zhang Jian‑Jun He Richard james deBoer Michael Wiescher Alexander Heger David Kahl Jun Su Daniel Odell Xin‑Yue Li Jian‑Guo Wang Long Zhang Fu‑Qiang cao Zhi‑cheng Zhang Xin‑Zhi Jiang Luo‑Huan Wang Zi‑Ming Li Lu‑Yang Song Liang‑Ting Sun Qi Wu Jia‑Qing Li Bao‑Qun cui Li‑Hua chen Rui‑Gang Ma Er‑Tao Li Gang Lian Yao‑De Sheng Zhi‑Hong Li Bing Guo Wei‑Ping Liu Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of the Ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Department of Physics and Astronomy The Joint Institute for Nuclear AstrophysicsUniversity of Notre DameNotre DameIN 46556USA School of Physics and Astronomy Monash UniversityClaytonVIC 3800Australia Facility for Rare Isotope Beams Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics and Department of Physics and Astronomy Ohio UniversityAthensOH 45701USA Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China china Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413China college of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China college of Science Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Institute of Radiation Technology Beijing Academy of Science and TechnologyBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion‑Beam Application(MOE) Institute of Modern PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China School of Mathematics and Physics Handan UniversityHandan 056005China

calcium production and the stellar evolution of first-generation stars remain fascinating mysteries in *** one possible nucleosynthesis scenario,break-out from the hot carbon–nitrogen–oxygen(HcNO)cycle was thought to be the source of the calcium observed in these oldest ***,according to the stellar modeling,a nearly tenfold increase in the thermonuclear rate ratio of the break-out 19F(p,γ)20 Ne reaction with respect to the competing 19F(p,α)16 O back-processing reaction is required to reproduce the observed calcium *** performed a direct measurement of this break-out reaction at the china Jinping underground *** measurement was performed down to the low-energy limit of E_(c.m.)=186 keV in the center-of-mass *** key resonance was observed at 225.2 keV for the first *** a temperature of approximately 0.1 GK,this new resonance enhanced the thermonuclear 19F(p,γ)20 Ne rate by up to a factor of≈7.4,compared with the previously recommended NAcRE *** is of particular interest to the study of the evolution of the first stars and implies a stronger breakdown in their“warm”cNO cycle through the 19F(p,γ)20 Ne reaction than previously *** break-out resulted in the production of the calcium observed in the oldest stars,enhancing our understanding of the evolution of the first stars.

关键词： Nuclear astrophysics First stars Abundance of calcium Reaction cross section Reaction rate china Jinping underground laboratory(cJPL) JUNA

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Restructuring the lithium-ion battery:A perspective on electrode architectures

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eScience 2023年第4期3卷 12-19页

作者： Samantha N.Lauro james N.Burrow c.Buddie Mullins Department of chemistry The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX78712-1224United States McKetta Department of chemical Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX78712-1589United States Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX78712-1591United States

The lithium-ion battery(LIB)has enabled portable energy storage,yet increasing societal demands have moti-vated a new generation of more advanced *** the discovery and optimization of battery active ma-terials has been the subject of extensive study since the 1980s,the most disruptive advancements of commercial LIBs in the past decade stem instead from overall cell design and *** pursuit of higher energy density and fast-charging capability,strategies focused on tuning the properties of composite electrode architectures(e.g.,porosity,conductivity,tortuosity,spatial heterogeneity)by restructuring the inactive component matrix of LIB electrode films have recently garnered *** perspective explores recent advances in electrode design through an applied lens,emphasizing synthetic platforms and future research directions that are scalable,commercially feasible,and applicable to a wide range of active *** introduce and critically assess recently proposed strategies for structuring electrode architectures,including spatial gradients of local compo-sition and microstructure;metal-foil current collector alternatives;and electrode templating techniques,evalu-ating both achievements in battery performance and commercial *** with improved active materials,new electrode architectures hold promise to unlock next generation LIBs.

关键词： Electrodes composite films Batteries Microstructure Lithium-ion

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Geochemical and mineralogical evaluations of coal,shale,and mine waste overburden from Makum coalfield of the Northeast India

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International Journal of coal Science & Technology 2023年第3期10卷 41-57页

作者： Nilotpol Bhuyan Nazrul Islam Monikankana Saikia james cHower Binoy K.Saikia coal and Energy Division CSIR-North East Institute of Science and TechnologyJorhatAssam 785006India Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research(AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002India center for Applied Energy Research University of Kentucky2540 Research Park DriveLexingtonKY 40511USA

The cenozoic-age Makum coal from northeastern India offers numerous research opportunities because of its diverse geochemical and geological *** to its high sulfur content,the coal has been found to be less useful for industrial *** can,however,serve as a hub for ongoing research on coal-based derivative *** aim of this research work is to investigate the mineralogical and geochemical compositions of the coal,mine overburden(MOB)and shale samples taken from the Makum coal field and also on establishing a mutual relationship between *** characterize the geochemical controlling factors of the Makum coal field,the study employs coal petrography,FTIR,mineralogical,and geochemical *** to X-ray diffraction analysis,the major minerals like quartz,kaolinite,haematite,illite,pyrite,and calcite are present in coal and *** is observed by SEM-EDS analysis as cubic-shaped particles that are smaller than a fewμm in *** presence of sulfide minerals represents a phase of pyrite *** petrography study was used to better understand the environment that existed during the formation of the plant material,which aids us in determining the quantity of detrital mineral sediment contained in the *** to the IcP-MS analysis,the samples indicate significant levels of rare earth elements including *** present study reveals higher concentrations of poten-tial hazardous elements in the coal samples,with V,cr,Ni,cu,and Zn content in coal being considerably enriched compared to world-average *** correlation analysis reveals that the potential hazardous elements like co,Ni,As,and cu are associated with pyrite as they have strong affinity towards ***,numerous minerals and rare earth elements(REEs)exist,opening up a fresh avenue for more research in the *** study also assists researchers in understanding the significance of Makum coal and provides numerous ideas for coal charac

关键词： coal geology Mine waste overburden(MOB) Petrology Rare earth elements(REEs) Potentially hazardous elements(PHEs)

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Using bioacoustic tools to clarify species delimitation within the Blakiston's Fish Owl(Bubo blakistoni)complex

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Avian Research 2022年第1期13卷 17-24页

作者： Nyanasengeran Movin Tatjana Gamova Sergei G.Surmach Jonathan c.Slaght A.A.Kisleiko james A.Eaton Frank E.Rheindt Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore16 Science Drive 4Singapore117558Singapore Federal Scientific center for Biodiversity of Terrestrial Biota of East Asia FEB RAS.Vladivostok Russia Wildlife conservation Society 2300 Southern BlvdBronxNYUSA10460 Kurilskii State Nature Reserve Yuzhno-KurilskRussia A-3A-5 Casa Indah ⅠPersiaran Surian47810Petaling JayaMalaysia

Although Blakiston’s Fish Owl(Bubo blakistoni) is widely treated as a single species,marked differences in the structure of pair duets between continental and insular populations have been ***,no study has quantitatively assessed these vocal *** obtained 192 duets from 22 pairs of Blakiston’s Fish Owl:15 pairs of *** from the Japanese island of Hokkaido and the Russian Kuril island of Kunashir,and seven pairs of *** from Primorye on the Russian *** is a sizeable dataset for such a large,retiring,and rare *** conducted bioacoustic examinations of 14 vocal parameters using principal component analysis and the Isler criterion to quantitatively test species boundaries within the *** *** found that the insular populations on Hokkaido and Kunashir emerged as vocally similar to each other but markedly different from the continental populations of ***,corresponding closely with presently accepted subspecies *** differences in the duets of the insular and continental groups are greater than the pairwise comparisons of territorial vocalisations between other sympatric owl *** on the reproductive importance of vocal duets in owl biology,we propose the taxonomic elevation of the continental subspecies to species level as Northern Fish Owl *** study corroborates the importance of bioacoustics in ascertaining species boundaries in owls and has important implications for the management of the two newly delimited species,each likely to be assessed as *** species should be managed independently to optimise conservation outcomes.

关键词： Eagle Owl Japan Russian Far East Taxonomy Biogeography

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Tissue-specific Tregs in cancer metastasis:opportunities for precision immunotherapy

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cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第1期19卷 33-45页

作者： Laura A.Huppert Michael D.Green Luke Kim christine chow Yan Leyfman Adil I.Daud james c.Lee Division of Hematology/Oncology Department of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA Department of Radiation Oncology University of Michigan School of MedicineAnn ArborMIUSA Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System Ann ArborMIUSA University of california San Francisco School of MedicineSan FranciscoCAUSA Penn State college of Medicine HersheyPAUSA Parker Institute for cancer Immunotherapy San FranciscoCAUSA

Decades of advancements in immuno-oncology have enabled the development of current immunotherapies,which provide longterm treatment responses in certain metastatic cancer ***,cures remain infrequent,and most patients ultimately succumb to treatment-refractory metastatic *** insights suggest that tumors at certain organ sites exhibit distinctive response patterns to immunotherapy and can even reduce antitumor immunity within anatomically distant tumors,suggesting the activation of tissue-specific immune tolerogenic mechanisms in some cases of therapy *** immune cells known as regulatory T cells(Tregs)are present within all tissues in the body and coordinate the suppression of excessive immune activation to curb autoimmunity and maintain immune *** the high volume of research on Tregs,the findings have failed to reconcile tissue-specific Treg functions in organs,such as tolerance,tissue repair,and regeneration,with their suppression of local and systemic tumor immunity in the context of immunotherapy *** improve the understanding of how the tissue-specific functions of Tregs impact cancer immunotherapy,we review the specialized role of Tregs in clinically common and challenging organ sites of cancer metastasis,highlight research that describes Treg impacts on tissue-specific and systemic immune regulation in the context of immunotherapy,and summarize ongoing work reporting clinically feasible strategies that combine the specific targeting of Tregs with systemic cancer *** knowledge of Tregs in the framework of their tissue-specific biology and clinical sites of organ metastasis will enable more precise targeting of immunotherapy and have profound implications for treating patients with metastatic cancer.

关键词： Tissue Tregs Immunotherapy Organ-specific tolerance Metastasis cancer

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Integrative analysis of the metabolome and transcriptome reveals the potential mechanism of fruit flavor formation in wild hawthorn(crataegus chungtienensis)

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植物多样性:英文版 2023年第5期45卷 590-600页

作者： Xien Wu Dengli Luo Yingmin Zhang Ling Jin M.james c.crabbe Qin Qiao Guodong Li Ticao Zhang college of chinese Material Medica Yunnan University of Chinese MedicineKunmingChina Wolfson college Oxford UniversityOxfordUK Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Science&Technology School of Life SciencesUniversity of BedfordshirePark SquareLutonUK School of Life Sciences Shanxi UniversityTaiyuanChina college of Horticulture and Landscape Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina

Hawthorns are important medicinal and edible plants with a long history of health protection in *** cultivated hawthorn,other wild hawthorns may also have excellent medicinal and edible value,such as crataegus chungtienensis,an endemic species distributed in the Southwest of *** this study,by integrating the flavor-related metabolome and transcriptome data of the ripening fruit of ***,we have developed an understanding of the formation of hawthorn fruit *** results show that a total of 849 metabolites were detected in the young and mature fruit of ***,of which flavonoids were the most detected *** the differentially accumulated metabolites,stachyose,maltotetraose and cis-aconitic acid were significantly increased during fruit ripening,and these may be important metabolites affecting fruit flavor ***,several flavonoids and terpenoids were reduced after fruit ripening compared with young ***,using the unripe fruit of *** may allow us to obtain more medicinal active ingredients such as flavonoids and ***,we screened out some differentially expressed genes(DEGs)related to fruit quality formation,which had important relationships with differentially accumulated sugars,acids,flavonoids and *** study provides new insights into flavor formation in wild hawthorn during fruit development and ripening,and at the same time this study lays the foundation for the improvement of hawthorn fruit flavor.

关键词： Hawthorn crataegus chungtienensis Flavonoids Terpenoids Fruit quality

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Deposition of nanoparticles on school eyeglasses in urban and rural areas:A methodology for a more real assessment of the possible impacts

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第1期13卷 498-505页

作者： Kátia Martinello james c.Hower Guilherme L.Dotto claudete G.Ramos carlos E.Schnorr Diana Pinto Instituto Inanís Rua Felizardo FurtadoPorto AlegreBrazil University of Kentucky Department of Earth&Environmental SciencesLexingtonKY 40506USA University of Kentucky Center for Applied Energy Research2540 Research Park DriveLexingtonKY 40511USA chemical Engineering Department Federal University of Santa Maria97105-900 Santa MariaBrazil Department of civil and Environmental Universidad de la CostaCUCCalle 58#55–66BarranquillaAtlánticoColombia

Because incomplete confirmation is available concerning the influential role of atmosphere contamination on conjunctivitis,myopia,asthma,and allergic rhinitis in Brazil,the focus of the present work is to explore the possible relations among atmosphere contamination and eye *** that a case study on eye diseases,by way of questionnaires supplemented by the investigation of nanoparticles(NPs)on eyeglasses,the study examines the mechanisms in which NPs and ultra-fine particles are deposited on the glasses of children up to 10 years of age in urban and rural *** important connection between atmosphere contaminants and individual protection equipment justifies improving indoor school properties in order could protect children’s eyes,particularly in high-pollution/high-particulate areas.

关键词： Indoor air pollution Nanoparticles Eyes health Allergic reaction Schools

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Antipredatory call behavior of lapwing species in an Afrotropical environment

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Avian Research 2023年第4期14卷 630-639页

作者： Fatima R.james chioma I.Okafor Samuel T.Osinubi Shiiwua A.Manu Samuel Ivande Taiwo c.Omotoriogun A.p.leventis ornithological research institute university of josp.o.box 13404josplateau statenigeria eden creation care initiative rennajj fish farm p.o.box 7173josplateau statenigeria fitzpatrick institute of african ornithology university of cape towncape townsouth africa department of zoology university of josjosplateau statenigeria biotechnology unit department of biological scienceselizade universityp.m.2.002ilara-mokinondo statenigeria natural history museum university of oslop.o.box 1172 blindern0318 oslonorway

Predation is an important source of natural selection on prey species and has resulted in adaptations such as antipredator vocal signals,which can alert others to the presence of predators and solicit cooperative *** vocal alarm signals of birds have been well studied,they are poorly known in tropical African *** address this lack of information,the antipredatory signals and responses of two lapwings(Wattled Lapwing Vanellus senegallus and Spur-winged Lapwing Vanellus spinosus)to potential predators were investigated using data collected from focal observation,distance measurements,focal recordings,and playback *** lapwing calls elicited to predators were classified as alarm or mobbing calls based on whether the calls elicited alert behavior or attack from other *** linear analysis(DLA)was used to compare the time and frequency parameters of the call types measured in Raven ***,lapwings’responses to intruders,alert and start distance,time of day,and latency,as well as the effects of flock size and distance to cover were *** 48%of all calls was correctly classified by *** best predictors of call type for the lapwings were maximum frequency and high *** alarm and mobbing calls were elicited by African Wattled Lapwings to dogs and *** calls were elicited to intruders by the Spur-winged *** distance was positively associated with start distance,and differed between morning and evening in both *** scarce information from tropical Africa,this study put in perspective vocal and antipredator behavior of lapwing species in Africa.

关键词： Acoustic Alarm calls Lapwings Mobbing calls Vocal signals

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Defining laboratory reference values and decision limits＇ populations, intervals, and interpretations

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第1期12卷 83-90页

作者： james c. Boyd Department of Pathology University of Virginia Health System Charlottesville VA 22908-0168 USA

This article provides a brief overview of various approaches that may be utilized for the analysis of human semen test results. Reference intervals are the most widely used tool for the interpretation of clinical laboratory results. Reference interval development has classically relied on concepts elaborated by the International Federation of clinical chemistry Expert Panel on Reference Values during the 1980s. These guidelines involve obtaining and classifying samples from a healthy population of at least 120 individuals and then identifying the outermost 5% of observations to use in defining limits for two-sided or one-sided reference intervals. More recently, decision limits based on epidemiological outcome analysis have also been introduced to aid in test interpretation. The reference population must be carefully defined on the basis of the intended clinical use of the underlying test. To determine appropriate reference intervals for use in male fertility assessment, a reference population of men with documented time to pregnancy of 〈 12 months would be most suitable. However, for epidemiological assessment of semen testing results, a reference population made up ofunselected healthy men would be preferred. Although reference and decision limits derived for individual semen analysis test results will undoubtedly be the interpretational tools of choice in the near future, in the long term, multivariate methods for the interpretation of semen analysis alone or in combination with information from the female partner seem to represent better means for assessing the likelihood of achieving a successful pregnancy in a subfertile couple.

关键词： decision limits fertility assessment human semen testing likelihood ratios reference values semen analysis

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Improvement of Quaternion Non-local Means Denoising Algorithm by coupling Quasichebyshev Distance and Quaternion Bilateral Filtering

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chinese Journal of Electronics 2023年

作者： XU Xudong ZHANG Zhihua M.james c.crabbe School of Mathematics Shandong University Wolfson college University of Oxford

The Quaternion non-local means (QNLM) denoising algorithm makes full use of high degree self-similarities inside images to suppress the noise, so the similarity metric plays a key role in its denoising performance. In this study, two improvements have been made for QNLM:(a) for low level noise, the use of quaternion Quasi-chebyshev distance is proposed to measure the similarity of image patches and it has been used toreplace the Euclidean distance in the QNLM *** the Quasi-chebyshev distance measures the maximal distance in all color channels, the similarity of color images measured by Quasi-chebyshev distance can capture the structural similarity uniformly for each color channel;(b) for high level noise, Quaternion bilateral filtering(QBF) has been proposed as the preprocessing step in the QNLM algorithm. Denoising simulations were performed on 110 images of landscape, people and architecture at different noise levels. compared with QNLM, Quaternion non-local total variation (QNLTV) and non-local means(NLM) variants (NLTV, NLM After wavelet threshold preprocessing, the color adaptation of NLM), our novel algorithm not only improves PSNR/SSIM and figure of merit values by an average of 2.77 dB/8.96%and 0.0491,but also reduces processing time.

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