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Surgical management of the diabetic foot:The current evidence

World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 404-417页

作者： Richard Henry Randall Roberts Gareth Rhys Davies-Jones james brock Vaishnav Satheesh Greg AJ Robertson Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics Wrexham Maelor HospitalWrexham LL137TDUnited Kingdom Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic HospitalOswestry SY107AGUnited Kingdom

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its associated complications,particularly diabetic foot pathologies,poses significant healthcare challenges and economic burdens *** review synthesises current evidence on the surgical management of the diabetic foot,focusing on the interplay between neuropathy,ischemia,and infection that commonly culminates in ulcers,infections,and,in severe cases,*** escalating incidence of diabetes mellitus underscores the urgency for effective management strategies,as diabetic foot complications are a leading cause of hospital admissions among diabetic patients,significantly impacting morbidity and mortality *** review explores the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying diabetic foot complications and further examines diabetic foot ulcers,infections,and skeletal pathologies such as Charcot arthropathy,emphasising the critical role of early diagnosis,comprehensive management strategies,and interdisciplinary care in mitigating adverse *** addressing surgical interventions,this review evaluates conservative surgeries,amputations,and reconstructive procedures,highlighting the importance of tailored approaches based on individual patient profiles and the specific characteristics of foot *** integration of advanced diagnostic tools,novel surgical techniques,and postoperative care,including offloading and infection control,are discussed in the context of optimising healing and preserving limb function.

关键词： Diabetes Diabetic foot Charcot Osteomyelitis Amputation Diabetic foot attack Conservative surgery

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Broad-spectrum ginsentides are principal bioactives in unraveling the cure-all effects of ginseng

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第2期14卷 653-666页

作者： Shining Loo Antony Kam Bamaprasad Dutta Xiaohong Zhang Nan Feng Siu Kwan Sze Chuan-Fa Liu Xiaoliang Wang james P.Tam School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637551Singapore Academy of Pharmacy Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China Department of Biological Sciences Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100050China Department of Health Sciences Brock UniversityNiagara RegionON L2S 3A1Canada

Stress and illness connection is complex and involves multiple physiological *** ginsengs,reputed for their broad-spectrum“cure-all”effect,are widely prescribed to treat stress and related ***,the identity of ginseng’s“cure-all”medicinal compounds that relieve stress remains ***,we identify ginsentides as the principal bioactives that coordinate multiple systems to restore homeostasis in response to *** are disulfide-rich,cell-penetrating and proteolytic-stable *** affinity-enrichment mass spectrometry target identification together with in vitro,ex vivo and in vivo validations,we show that highly purified or synthetic ginsentides promote vasorelaxation by producing nitric oxide through endothelial cells via intracellular PI3K/Akt signaling pathway,alleviate a1-adrenergic receptor overactivity by reversing phenylephrine-induced constriction of aorta,decrease monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells via CD166/ESAM/CD40 and inhibit P2Y12 receptors to reduce platelet *** administered ginsentides were effective in animal models to reduce ADP-induced platelet aggregation,to prevent collagen and adrenalineinduced pulmonary thrombosis as well as anti-stress behavior of tail suspension and forced swimming tests in ***,these results strongly suggest that ginsentides are the principal panacea compounds of ginsengs because of their ability to target multiple extra-and intra-cellular proteins to reverse stress-induced damages.

关键词： Ginseng Cysteine-rich peptides Microproteins Cure-all Stress Homeostasis

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Modelling the impact of antimalarial quality on the transmission of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2017年第2期2卷 161-187页

作者： Aleisha R.brock Joshua V.Ross Scott Greenhalgh David P.Durham Alison Galvani Sunil Parikh Adrian Esterman School of Nursing&Midwifery University of South AustraliaAdelaideSAAustralia School of Mathematical Sciences The University of AdelaideAdelaideSAAustralia Department of Mathematics and Statistics Queen's UniversityKingstonONCanada Center for Infectious Disease Modeling and Analysis Yale School of Public HealthNew HavenCTUSA Yale School of Public Health New HavenCTUSA Sansom Institute for Research Health University of South AustraliaAdelaideSAAustralia Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine James Cook UniversityCairnsQLDAustralia

Background:The use of poor quality antimalarial medicines,including the use of nonrecommended medicines for treatment such as sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine(SP)monotherapy,undermines malaria control and elimination ***,the use of subtherapeutic doses of the active ingredient(s)can theoretically promote the emergence and transmission of drug resistant ***:We developed a deterministic compartmental model to quantify the impact of antimalarial medicine quality on the transmission of SP resistance,and validated it using sensitivity analysis and a comparison with data from Kenya collected in *** modelled human and mosquito population dynamics,incorporating two Plasmodium falciparum subtypes(SP-sensitive and SP-resistant)and both poor quality and good quality(artemether-lumefantrine)antimalarial ***:The model predicted that an increase in human malaria cases,and among these,an increase in the proportion of SP-resistant infections,resulted from an increase in poor quality SP antimalarial use,whether it was full-or half-dose SP ***:Our findings suggest that an increase in poor quality antimalarial use predicts an increase in the transmission of *** highlights the need for stricter control and regulation on the availability and use of poor quality antimalarial medicines,in order to offer safe and effective treatments,and work towards the eradication of malaria.

关键词： Deterministic compartmental model Falsified antimalarial medicine Substandard antimalarial treatments Antimalarial quality Plasmodium falciparum malaria Drug resistance

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RASSF10 Suppresses Colorectal Cancer Growth by Activating P53 Signaling and Sensitizes Colorectal Cancer Cell to Docetaxel

RASSF10 Suppresses Colorectal Cancer Growth by Activating P5...

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遵循诊疗规范、鼓励临床试验——第八届中国肿瘤内科大会、...

作者：郭静杨雅阁杨云生詹启敏 james G.Herman Malcolm V.brock 张炳勇郭明洲中国人民解放军总医院消化内科郑州大学第一附属医院中国医学科学院 Johns Hopkins University 河南省人民医院

Objective;To further understand the methylation status,expression,function,and mechanism of RASSFIO in colorectal ***;Eight colorectal cancer cell lines,89 cases of primary colorectal cancer,and 5 cases of normal colorectal mucosa were involved in this *** specific PCR,western blot,colony formation,siRNA,gene expression array,and xenograft mice were ***;Loss of RASSFIO expression and complete methylation were found in LOVO,RKO,and *** or reduced expression and partial methylation were found in LS180,DLD1,HT29,SW480,and SW620 *** or increased expression of RASSFIO was found in these colorectal cancer cells by 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine *** was methylated in 60.7%（54/89）of primary colorectal cancer *** was associated with tumor stage（P＜0.05）and metastasis（P＜0.05）.Re-expression of RASSFIO inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis and G2/M phase arrest in RKO and HCT116 ***116 cells tumor xenograft was suppressed by *** expression of MDM2 was revealed by comparison of gene expression profile in RASSFIO expressed and unexpressed RKO *** result was confirmed by RT-PCR and western *** activated P53 signaling in RKO and HCT116 cells after UV ***10 sensitized RKO and HCT116 cells to ***;RASSF10 is frequently methylated in human colorectal cancer and the expression is regulated by promoter region *** of RASSF10 is associated with late tumor stage and ***10 suppresses human colorectal cancer growth by activating P53 signaling in colorectal ***10 sensitizes colorectal cancer to docetaxel.

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The Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Meta-Vanadate under Restricted Flow Conditions

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2017年第1期8卷 35-50页

作者： Lori R. brock Jeff W. Keister Michelle France Nathan Fierro Thomas C. DeVore Department of Chemistry James Madison University Harrisonburg VA USA

The products obtained during the thermal decomposition of ammonium meta-vanadate depend on the configuration of the container, the mass of the sample, the heating rate and the composition of the carrier gas. The decomposition in an uncapped container produced (NH4)2V4O11, NH4V3O8, and V2O5 as the apparent stable products while the products in a capped container were NH4V3O8, and V2Ox where x was between 4 and 5. These differences are attributed to the different amounts of the evolved gases in the cell. EGA-FTIR clearly established that the reduced final product in the capped cell resulted from a reaction between NH3 and the V2O5 formed during the decomposition. A pre-equilibrium kinetics model where the rate of the reverse reaction depends on the partial pressure of the gaseous products in the cell could explain the different reaction intermediates. This model provides a possible explanation for the different apparent activation energies that have been reported for the thermal decomposition of other compounds where a reversible step could occur in the decomposition mechanism.

关键词： Ammonium Meta-Vanadate Thermal Decomposition Kinetics Activation Energy

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Cryptocurrency valuation and ethics:a text analytic approach

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Journal of Management Analytics 2020年第3期7卷 367-388页

作者： james R.Barth Hemantha S.B.Herath Tejaswini C.Herath Pei Xu Department of Finance Auburn UniversityAuburnUSA Department of Accounting Brock UniversitySt.CatharinesCanada Department of Finance Operationsand Information SystemsBrock UniversitySt.CatharinesCanada Department of Systems and Technology Auburn UniversityAuburnUSA

A recent and potentially profound innovation is the creation of cryptocurrencies and the underlying technology that is essential for their use in various financial *** the anonymity of a user of a cryptocurrency,such digital currencies may be used for many different types of both lawful and illicit *** main purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which ethical considerations associated with the use of cryptocurrencies affect the valuations attached to such *** examination is based on a text analytic approach that involves measuring the extent to which ethical and unethical words are used in a discussion related to Bitcoin on Twitter to determine if there is a connection between ethics and cryptocurrency *** find the frequency of an unethical discussion about Bitcoin is negatively associated with its *** contrast,the frequency of an ethical discussion is positively associated with its price.

关键词： Cryptocurrency Bitcoin Ethics Dark Net Crypto-Crime Twitter text analytics market reaction

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