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Understa.ding the sources a.d composition of the incrementa. excess of fine pa.ticles a.ross multiple sa.pling loca.ions in one a.r shed

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Journa. of Environmenta. Sciences 2014年第4期26卷 818-826页

作者： Jerome E.McGinnis Jongba. Heo Micha.l R.olson a.drew P.Rutter james J.Scha.er University of Wisconsin-Ma.ison Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program Wisconsin Sta.e La.ora.ory of Hygiene

Well-designed hea.th studies a.d the development of effective regula.ory policies need to rely on a. understa.ding of the incrementa. differences in pa.ticula.e ma.ter concentra.ions a.d their sources. a.though only a.limited number of studies ha.e been conducted to exa.ine spa.ia. differences in sources to pa.ticula.e ma.ter within a. a.r shed, routine monitoring da.a.ca. be used to better understa.d these differences. Mea.urements from the US EPa.Chemica. Specia.ion Network （CSN） collected between 2002-2008 were a.a.yzed to demonstra.e the utility of regula.ory da.a.a.ross three sites loca.ed within 100 km of ea.h other. Trends in concentra.ions, source contribution, a.d incrementa. excesses a.ross three sites were investiga.ed using the Positive Ma.rix Fa.toriza.ion model. Simila. yea.ly trends in chemica. composition were observed a.ross a.l sites, however, excesses of orga.ic ma.ter a.d elementa. ca.bon were observed in the urba. center tha. origina.ed from loca. emissions of mobile sources a.d bioma.s buming. Seconda.y sulfa.e a.d seconda.y nitra.e constituted over ha.f of the PM2.5 with no spa.ia. differences observed a.ross sites. For these components, the excess of emissions from industria. sources could be directly qua.tified. This study demonstra.es tha. CSN da.a.from multiple sites ca. be successfully used to derive consistent source profiles a.d source contributions for regiona. pollution, a.d tha. CSN da.a.ca. be used to qua.tify incrementa. differences in source contributions of a.ross these sites. The a.a.ysis stra.egy ca. be used in other regions of the world to ta.e a.va.ta.e of existing a.bient pa.ticula.e ma.ter monitoring da.a.to better the understa.ding of spa.ia. differences in source contributions within a.given a.r shed.

关键词： CSN Incrementa. Excess PMFPM2.5

Long-Term Effects of Cover Crops on Crop Yields, Soil Orga.ic Ca.bon Stocks a.d Sequestra.ion

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Open Journa. of Soil Science 2014年第8期4卷 284-292页

作者： Kenneth olson Stephen a. Ebelha. james M. La.g Depa.tment of Crop Sciences Dixon Springs Agricultural Center Simpson Illinois USA Depa.tment of Na.ura. Resources a.d Environmenta. Sciences S-224 Turner Hall University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA

a.12-yea. cover crops study on the effects on SOC sequestra.ion, stora.e, retention a.d loss a.d corn a.d soybea. yields wa. conducted in southern Illinois. The use of cover crops for the ma.ntena.ce a.d restora.ion of soil orga.ic ca.bon (SOC) a.d soil productivity of previously eroded soils were eva.ua.ed. No-till (NT), chisel plow (CP), a.d moldboa.d plow (MP) trea.ment plots with a.d without cover crops were esta.lished in 2001. The plot a.ea.wa. on sloping with a.modera.ely well dra.ned, eroded soil. The a.era.e a.nua. corn a.d soybea. yields were sta.istica.ly the sa.e for NT, CP, a.d MP systems with a.d without cover crops. By 2012, the cover crop trea.ments ha. more SOC stock tha. tha. without cover crops for the sa.e soil la.er a.d tilla.e trea.ment. The NT, CP, a.d MP trea.ments a.l sequestered SOC with cover crops. a.pre-trea.ment SOC stock ba.eline for rooting zone wa. used to va.ida.e the finding tha. cover crops sequestered SOC in the topsoil, subsoil a.d root zone of the NT, CP a.d MP trea.ments during the 12-yea. study. a.ditiona. sequestered SOC wa. lost a. a.result of being tra.sported off of the plots a.d reta.ned in lower slopes, tra.sported to the strea. or relea.ed to a.mosphere.

关键词： Soil Orga.ic Ca.bon Soil Erosion Soil Loss Soil Orga.ic Ca.bon Sequestra.ion

纸浆纤维悬浮液屈服应力及其在造纸工业中的应用研究进展

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中国造纸学报 2016年第3期31卷 50-57页

作者：沙九龙王晨 james olson 张辉南京林业大学江苏省制浆造纸科学与技术重点实验室江苏南京210037 Pulp a.d Pa.er Center University of British Columbia 南京林业大学江苏省林业资源高效加工利用协同创新中心江苏南京210037

纸浆纤维悬浮液是以纤维为固相的非均相混合物,属多相流体。屈服应力作为纸浆纤维悬浮液最重要的流变参数之一,在制浆造纸高效、节能、低耗的生产操作技术及装备的优化设计方面扮演着重要的角色。本文就纸浆纤维悬浮液屈服应力的产生及... 详细信息

纸浆纤维悬浮液是以纤维为固相的非均相混合物,属多相流体。屈服应力作为纸浆纤维悬浮液最重要的流变参数之一,在制浆造纸高效、节能、低耗的生产操作技术及装备的优化设计方面扮演着重要的角色。本文就纸浆纤维悬浮液屈服应力的产生及其影响因素、测量方法及装置进行归纳和总结;在此基础上,阐述了纸浆纤维悬浮液的屈服应力在制浆造纸生产中的应用,并对纸浆纤维悬浮液屈服应力的进一步研究及其在造纸工业相关领域的发展应用提出了思路。

关键词：制浆造纸纸浆纤维悬浮液流变特性屈服应力

Sediment Delivery by the Yukon River to the Yukon Fla.s, Yukon Delta.a.d the Bering Sea

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Open Journa. of Soil Science 2020年第9期10卷 410-442页

作者： Kenneth R. olson james M. La.g Depa.tment of Na.ura. Resources College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA Depa.tment of Crop Sciences College of Agriculture Consumer and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA

The physica., chemica. a.d biologica. a.tributes of the Yukon River a.d tributa.y ba.ins impa.t soil erosion, sediment tra.sport a.d sediment delivery. The gla.ier, snow a.d perma.rost melting, runoff, erosion, tra.sport, deposition a.d stora.e of gra.elly, sa.dy, silty a.d cla.ey sediments determine the ha.ita. distribution a.d wa.er qua.ity within the river cha.nels a.d floodpla.ns. The ecologica. functioning, with food a.d nutrient delivery, migra.ory cues, breeding, ha.ita.s, a.d ripa.ia. a.d floodpla.n ecologica. cycles a.e a.l dependent on the tra.sported sediment a. specific times of the yea.. a.nua. tempera.ures ha.e been rising since the 1840s which could contribute to higher runoff wa.er flows a.d grea.er sedimenta.ion. The prima.y objective wa. to document the sedimenta.ion in the Yukon wa.ershed with little soil erosion a. a.result of a.riculture or urba. development. The ca.ses of the soil erosion a.d sedimenta.ion were perma.rost, a.pine gla.ia. melting, drilling for ga. a.d oil, roa. construction, gold mining, cold wa. milita.y sites, pipeline construction, forest fires a.d steep slopes.

关键词： Dena.i a.a.ka British Columbia Yukon Territory a.yeska.Pipeline a.a.ka.Highwa. Ga. a.d Oil Explora.ion Tra.s-a.a.ka.Pipeline

The Disa.pea.ing Colora.o River: Historic a.d Modern a.tempts to Ma.a.e the Lifeline of the United Sta.es Southwest

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Open Journa. of Soil Science 2021年第11期11卷 538-566页

作者： Kenneth R. olson james M. La.g Depa.tment of Na.ura. Resources Urbana Illinois USA Depa.tment of Crop Sciences College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA

Historic Na.ive a.erica. a.d modern civiliza.ions ha.e been forcing the unsta.le use of the Colora.o River a.d a.ja.ent la.d resources for centuries. Much ca. be lea.ned from pa.t Na.ive a.erica. cultures tha. crea.ed irriga.ion systems to offset low ra.nfa.l. These lessons lea.ned ca. be a.plied to our modern civiliza.ion. We ca. lea.n a.lot from their previous beha.ior a.d experiences a.d could a.ply the lessons lea.ned to our current disa.pea.ing Colora.o River situa.ion. Little of the Colora.o River wa.er flow rea.hes the interna.iona. border with Mexico nea. Yuma. a.izona. Intensive consumption, mostly in the United Sta.es, ha. dried up the lower 160 km of the river. Since the 1960s, the Colora.o River ha. ra.ely flowed into the Gulf of Ca.ifornia.a.d when it does it becomes is a.ma.or interna.iona. news event. The Colora.o River Delta.is drought prone a.d its hea.wa.er tributa.ies a.e a.vita. source of wa.er for 40 million people. The Colora.o River ha. whitewa.er ra.ids, ca.yons, a.d ma.y United Sta.es Na.iona. Pa.ks. The tributa.y a.d river flow is ma.a.ed by a. extensive system of da.s, a.ueducts, a.d reservoirs. Most yea.s the entire Colora.o River flow is used for United Sta.es a.ricultura. irriga.ion a.d domestic wa.er supply purposes. The a.ricultura. a.d urba. needs in the United Sta.es a.e continuing to grow a.d it a.pea.s the da.s of Colora.o River flowing into Mexico a.d the Gulf of Ca.ifornia.a.e numbered a.d declining every deca.e. The Colora.o River is disa.pea.ing a.d restora.ion efforts a.pea. to be too little too la.e. If the Colora.o River va.ley is ever going to recover ma.a.ement lessons a.d fa.lures lea.ned from the Na.ive a.erica.s, including the Hohoka., must be a.plied. a.ba.a.ced a.proa.h to wa.er ma.a.ement is needed a.d must include a.gressive conserva.ion a.d efficiency mea.ures.

关键词： Gra.d Ca.yon Hohoka. Mexico-a.erica. Wa. Gulf of Ca.ifornia Sa.ton Trough Hoover Da. Glen Ca.yon Da.

Rio Gra.de a. Interna.iona. Bounda.y River Is Drying up a.d in Need of Restora.ion

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Open Journa. of Soil Science 2021年第12期11卷 587-610页

作者： Kenneth R. olson james M. La.g Soil Science in Depa.tment of Na.ura. Resources University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA Depa.tment of Crop Sciences College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA

The hea.wa.er source of the Rio Gra.de is in the Colora.o Sa. Jua. Mounta.ns a. it flows southea.t a.d south. The river crosses deserts a.d steppes, wa.ering rich irriga.ed a.ricultura. regions a. it dra.ns into the Gulf of Mexico nea. Brownsville, Texa.. The river flow pa.tern is disrupted by hundreds of da.s a.d irriga.ion diversions, which ha. left sections of the Rio Gra.de River dry. The lower Rio Gra.de Va.ley including the Rio Gra.de Delta.is hea.ily irriga.ed a.d ha. become a. importa.t a.ricultura. region. Since the mid-1990s, the flow ha. been reduced to 20% beca.se of ma.y la.ge diversions, da.s a.d consumption of wa.er by cities a.d irriga.ed fa.mla.d. Even with a.series of 2001 a.d 2002, Mexico-United Sta.es a.reements a.ministered by the Interna.iona. Bounda.y a.d Wa.er Commission (IBWC) the Rio Gra.de River ha. continued to fa.led to rea.h the Gulf of Mexico. Mexico a.d United Sta.es sha.e the river. Historica.ly, the Rio Gra.de ha. provided limited na.iga.ion a.d border security. There is a.need to restore na.iga.ion a.d shipping by crea.ing a.lock a.d da. system from El Pa.o, Texa. a.d Ma.a.oros, Mexico to the Gulf of Mexico, In a.dition there is a.so a.need to restore border security for the Lower Rio Gra.de, a. interna.iona. border river. If the Rio Gra.de is ever going to recover, it will require a.lock a.d da. system a.d a. increa.ed river flow. The increa.ed flow needs to be a.hieved by a.ding a.ditiona. wa.er from feeder la.es, a.wa.er pipeline, a.d a.ba.a.ced a.proa.h to wa.er ma.a.ement must include efficiency mea.ures a.d a.gressive conserva.ion in urba. a.ea. a.d on irriga.ed a.ricultura. la.ds.

关键词： Big Bend Na.iona. Pa.k Mexico Border Brownsville a.d Ma.a.oros Interna.iona. Bridge Port Brownsville Rift Cross Section Thornforest Restora.ion

Sta.istics, da.a.a.a.ysis, a.d decision modeling /

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纸浆浓度和纤维长度对废纸浆悬浮液屈服应力的影响

2000年

作者： james R. Eva.s Da.id L. olson.

Includes index.

ISBN: (纸本)0130205451

Includes index.

关键词： Industria. ma.a.ement

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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纸浆浓度和纤维长度对废纸浆悬浮液屈服应力的影响

Fa.tors a.socia.ed with success of tela.revir-a.d boceprevir-ba.ed triple thera.y for hepa.itis C virus infection

中国造纸学会第十八届学术年会

作者：蔡慧 james olson 张辉南京林业大学江苏省制浆造纸科学与技术重点实验室华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室 Pulp a.d Pa.er Center University of British Columbia

为考察纸浆浓度和纤维长度对不同废纸浆悬浮液屈服应力的影响,先用纤维分级筛分别将美废（a.CC）和国废（COCC）分成4个不同长度的纤维级分。再利用剪切应力梯度法测量每个纤维级分纤维悬浮液质量浓度从0.5%增加到2.5%的屈服应力值。结... 详细信息

为考察纸浆浓度和纤维长度对不同废纸浆悬浮液屈服应力的影响,先用纤维分级筛分别将美废（a.CC）和国废（COCC）分成4个不同长度的纤维级分。再利用剪切应力梯度法测量每个纤维级分纤维悬浮液质量浓度从0.5%增加到2.5%的屈服应力值。结果表明,纸浆浓度和纤维长度对两种废纸浆悬浮液屈服应力的影响都很大,即屈服应力值都随着纤维长度和悬浮液质量浓度的增加而增大。此外,废浆料悬浮液的质量浓度对长纤维组分悬浮液屈服应力的影响明显大于对短纤维组分悬浮液屈服应力的影响。废纸浆质量浓度小于1.5%时,浓度对悬浮液的屈服应力值影响很小。当质量浓度大于1.5%时,废纸浆悬浮液的屈服应力值随着浓度增加的速度越来越大。因此,将浆浓控制在1.5%左右可以有效地减少纸浆流送系统的能源消耗。

关键词：废纸浆纤维悬浮液屈服应力浓度纤维长度纤维分级

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World Journa. of Hepa.ology 2017年第11期9卷 551-561页

作者： Kia. Bichoupa. Neeta.Ta.don Va.erie Ma.tel-La.erriere Nea. M Pa.el Da.id Sa.hs Michel Ng Emily a.Schonfeld a.exis Pa.pa. james Crisma.e a.icia.Stiva.a.Viktoriya.Kha.tova.Dona.d Ga.denier Micha.l Linderma. Willia. olson Ponni V Peruma.swa.i Thoma. D Schia.o Joseph a.Odin La.rence U Liu Dougla. T Dieterich a.drea.D Bra.ch Division of Liver Disea.es Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Icahn Medical Instititute Ja.ssen Pha.ma.eutica.s Com-pa.ies Division of Janssen Scientific Affairs Inc. Genetics a.d Genomics Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

To eva.ua.e new thera.ies for hepa.itis C virus (HCV), da.a.a.out rea.-world outcomes a.e needed. METHODSOutcomes of 223 pa.ients with genotype 1 HCV who sta.ted tela.revir- or boceprevir-ba.ed triple thera.y (Ma. 2011-Ma.ch 2012) a. the Mount Sina. Medica. Center were a.a.yzed. Huma. immunodeficiency virus-positive pa.ients a.d pa.ients who received a.liver tra.spla.t were excluded. Fa.tors a.socia.ed with susta.ned virologica. response (SVR24) a.d rela.se were a.a.yzed by univa.ia.le a.d multiva.ia.le logistic regression a. well a. cla.sifica.ion a.d regression trees. Fa.t virologica. response (FVR) wa. defined a. undetecta.le HCV RNa.a. week-4 (tela.revir) or week-8 (boceprevir). RESULTSThe media. a.e wa. 57 yea.s, 18% were bla.k, 44% ha. a.va.ced fibrosis/cirrhosis (FIB-4 ≥ 3.25). Only 42% (94/223) of pa.ients a.hieved SVR24 on a. intention-to-trea. ba.is. In a.model tha. included pla.elets, SVR24 wa. a.socia.ed with white ra.e [odds ra.io (OR) = 5.92, 95% confidence interva. (CI): 2.34-14.96], HCV sub-genotype 1b (OR = 2.81, 95%CI: 1.45-5.44), pla.elet count (OR = 1.10, per x 104 cells/μL, 95%CI: 1.05-1.16), a.d IL28B CC genotype (OR = 3.54, 95%CI: 1.19-10.53). Pla.elet counts > 135 x 103/μL were the strongest predictor of SVR by cla.sifica.ion a.d regression tree. Rela.se occurred in 25% (27/104) of pa.ients with a. end-of-trea.ment response a.d wa. a.socia.ed with non-FVR (OR = 4.77, 95%CI: 1.68-13.56), HCV sub-genotype 1a.(OR = 5.20; 95%CI: 1.40-18.97), a.d FIB-4 ≥ 3.25 (OR = 2.77; 95%CI: 1.07-7.22). CONCLUSIONThe SVR ra.e wa. 42% with tela.revir- or boceprevir-ba.ed triple thera.y in rea.-world pra.tice. Low pla.elets a.d a.va.ced fibrosis were a.socia.ed with trea.ment fa.lure a.d rela.se.

关键词： Susta.ned virologic response Hepa.itis C virus Rela.se Tela.revir Boceprevir Triple-thera.y Cla.sifica.ion a.d regression a.verse event Rea.-world