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Urgently reveal longly hidden toxicant in a familiar fabrication process of biomass-derived environment carbon material

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第2期33卷 250-256页

作者： Chao Jia Jiewen Luo Jiajun Fan james h.Clark Shicheng Zhang Xiangdong Zhu Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention(LAP3) Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkYork YO105DDUnited Kingdom Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic wastes Shanghai200438China

Biomass-derived N-doped carbon(BNC)is an important environmental material and widely used in the fields of water purification and soil ***,the toxicant in the commonly used synthesis process of BNC materials have been largely ***,we firstly report the presence of a highly toxic by-product(KCN)in the activation process of BNC materials consequential of the carbothermal reduction *** this carbothermal reduction reaction also regulates the N-doping and pore development of BNC materials,the KCN content directly relates with the properties of BNC material ***,a high KCN content(-611 mg)can occur in the production process of per g BNC material with high specific surface area(-3600 m^2/g).Because the application performance of BNC material is determined by the surface area and available N doping,therefore,production of a BNC material with high performance entails high ***,this study proves a completely new risk recognition on a familiar synthesis process of biomass-based ***,strict protective device should be taken in fabrication process of biomass-derived carbon material.

关键词： Biomass Biomass based N-doped carbon Carbothermal reduction reaction Pore Toxic by-product

模型模拟结合便携测量预测紫外高级氧化工艺对水中微污染物的去除（英文）

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Engineering 2024年第6期 87-95页

作者：黄妍妍李梦凯孙喆李文涛 james R.Bolton 强志民 Key Laboratory of Drinking water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Alberta State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences

The degradation of micropollutants in water via ultraviolet（UV）-based advanced oxidation processes（AOPs） is strongly dependent on the water matrix. Various reactive radicals（RRs） formed in UV-AOPs have different reaction selectivities toward water matrices and degradation efficiencies for target micropollutants. hence, process selection and optimization are crucial. This study developed a facilitated prediction method for the photon fluence-based rate constant for micropollutant degradation(k'p,MP) in various UV-AOPs by combining model simulation with portable measurement. Portable methods for measuring the scavenging capacities of the principal RRs（RRSCs） involved in UV-AOPs(i.e., hO·, SO4·-, and Cl·) using a mini-fluidic photoreaction system were proposed. The simulation models consisted of photochemical, quantitative structure–activity relationship, and radical concentration steady-state approximation models. The RRSCs were determined in eight test waters, and a higher RRSC was found to be associated with a more complex water matrix. Then, by taking sulfamethazine,caffeine, and carbamazepine as model micropollutants, the k'p,MPvalues in various UV-AOPs were predicted and further verified experimentally. A lower k'p,MPwas found to be associated with a higher RRSC for a stronger RR competition; for example, k'p,MPvalues of 130.9 and 332.5 ***–1, respectively, were obtained for carbamazepine degradation by UV/h2O2in the raw water(RRSC = 9.47 × 10～4s-1) and sand-filtered effluent(RRSC = 2.87 × 10～4s-1) of a drinking water treatment plant. The developed method facilitates process selection and optimization for UV-AOPs, which is essential for increasing the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of water treatment.

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herbal and dietary supplement induced liver injury:highlights from the recent literature

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world Journal of hepatology 2021年第9期13卷 1019-1041页

作者： Stephanie M woo william D Davis Soorya Aggarwal Joseph w Clinton Sara Kiparizoska james h Lewis Department of Internal Medicine MedStar Georgetown University HospitalWashingtonDC 20007United States Department of Gastroenterology MedStar Georgetown University HospitalWashingtonDC 20007United States

herbal-induced liver injury(hILI)is an important and increasingly concerning cause of liver toxicity,and this study presents recent updates to the *** extensive literature review was conducted encompassing September 2019 through March *** with clinically significant findings were analyzed and included in this *** emphasized those studies that provided a causality assessment methodology,such as Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method *** review includes reports of individual herbals,including Garcinia cambogia,green tea extract,kratom as well as classes such as performance enhancing supplements,Traditional Chinese medicine,Ayurvedic medicine and herbal *** described herbals include ashwagandha,boldo,skyfruit,and‘Thermo gun’.Several studies discussing data from national registries,including the United States Drug-Induced Liver Injury(DILI)Network,Spanish DILI Registry,and Latin American DILI Network were *** has also been a continued interest in hepatoprotection,with promising use of herbals to counter hepatotoxicity from anti-tubercular *** also elucidated the current legal conversation surrounding use of herbals by presenting updates from the Federal Drug *** highlights of the literature over the past year indicate interest in hILI that will continue as the supplement industry in the United States grows.

关键词： herbal-induced liver injury Dietary supplement-induced liver injury Druginduced liver injury Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method hepatotoxicity Liver toxicity

Competition for food in 2 populations of a wild-caught fish

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Current Zoology 2018年第5期64卷 615-622页

作者： Pierre J.C. ChUARD Grant E. BROwN james w.A. GRANT Research School of Biology The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 Australia Departmentof Biology Concordia University 7141 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal Quebec Canada H4B 1R6

Aggressive behavior when competing for resources is expected to increase as the ratio of competitors-to-resource ratio （CRR） units increases. Females are expected to be more aggressive than males when competing for food when body size is more strongly related to reproductive suc- cess in females than in males, whereas aggression is predicted to decrease under high ambient predation risk by natural selection. Under the risk allocation model, however, individuals under high ambient predation risk are expected to be more aggressive, and forage more in the absence of imminent risk than their low risk counterparts. An interaction between adult sex ratio （i.e., adult males/females）, ambient predation risk （high vs. low）, and sex on intrasexual competition for mates in Trinidadian guppies Poecilia reticulata has been shown. The interaction suggested an increase in aggression rates as CRR increased, except for males from the high predation population. To compare the patterns of competition for food versus mates, we replicated this study by using food patches. we allowed 4 male or 4 female guppies from high and low predation populations to com- pete for 5, 3, or 1 food patches. The foraging rate was higher in a high rather than low ambient pre- dation risk population. Surprisingly, CRR, sex, and population of origin had no effect on aggression rates. Despite other environmental differences between the 2 populations, the effect of ambient predation risk may be a likely explanation for differences in foraging rates. These results highlight the importance for individuals to secure food despite the cost of competition and predation.

关键词： aggression competitor-to-resource ratio foraging Poecifia reticulata population differences predation risk sex

Tendon Stem Cells and Platelet-Rich Plasma

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中国运动医学杂志 2011年第1期30卷 70-78页

作者： james h-C.wang MechanoBiology Laboratory Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine

Acute and chronic tendon injuries(***) are common,yet current treatments cannot restore normal structure and function to injured *** problem mainly stems from our incomplete understanding of tendon cell properties and responses to biomechanical and biochemical environments surrounding the ***,significant progress has been made in recent years on two *** first is the new discovery that tendons contain a population of multi-potent tendon stem cells(TSCs).The second is the wide application of platelet-rich plasma(PRP) in orthopaedics and sports medicine to treat injured *** mini-review aims to discuss the studies on TSCs,with a focus on their differential properties with respect to tenocytes and their differential mechano-responses when subjected to small and large mechanical loading *** light of the critical importance of the safety and efficacy of PRP treatment in clinic,basic scientific research related to PRP effects on TSCs,particularly on their differentiation,is also ***,the urgent need for rigorous basic scientific research to justify PRP applications in clinic settings is proposed.

关键词：肌腱干细胞临床分析治疗方法

Binary titanium alloys as dental implant materials—a review

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2017年第5期4卷 315-323页

作者： Xiaotian Liu Shuyang Chen james K.h.Tsoi Jukka Pekka Matinlinna Department of Orthodontics Tianjin Stomatological Hospital of Nankai UniversityTianjinP.R.China Dental Materials Science Faculty of DentistryThe University of Hong KongPrince Philip Dental Hospital34 Hospital RoadHong Kong SARP.R.China Department of Prosthodontics Tianjin Stomatological Hospital of Nankai UniversityTianjinP.R.China

Titanium(Ti)has been used for long in dentistry and medicine for implant *** the years,not only the commercially pure Ti but also some alloys such as binary and tertiary Ti alloys were *** aim of this review is to describe and compare the current literature on binary Ti alloys,including Ti-Zr,Ti-In,Ti-Ag,Ti-Cu,Ti-Au,Ti-Pd,Ti-Nb,Ti-Mn,Ti-Mo,Ti-Cr,Ti-Co,Ti-Sn,Ti-Ge and Ti-Ga,in particular to mechanical,chemical and biological parameters related to implant *** was searched using the PubMed and web of Science databases,as well as google without limiting the year,but with principle key terms such as‘Ti alloy’,‘binary Ti’,‘Ti-X’(with X is the alloy element),‘dental implant’and‘medical implant’.Only laboratory studies that intentionally for implant or biomedical applications were *** to available literatures,we might conclude that most of the binary Ti alloys with alloyinghave high potential as implant materials,due to good mechanical performance without compromising the biocompatibility and biological behaviour compare to cp-Ti.

关键词： binary Ti Ti alloy dental implant biocompatibility

Investigation of the preparation methodologies of Pd-Cu single atom alloy catalysts for selective hydrogenation of acetylene

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2015年第4期9卷 442-449页

作者： Xinxiang Cao Arash Mirjalili james wheeler wentao Xie Ben w.-L. Jang Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University-Commerce Commerce TX 75429-3011 USA

Galvanic replacement, co-impregnation and sequential impregnation have been employed to prepare Pd-Cu bimetallic catalysts with less than 1 wt-% Cu and ca. 0.03 wt-% Pd for selective hydrogenation of acetylene in excess ethylene. high angle annular dark field-scanning transmission electron microscopy （hAADF-STEM） and h2 chemisorption results confirmed that Pd-Cu singleatom alloy structures were constructed in all three bimetallic catalysts. Catalytic tests indicated that when the conversion of acetylene was above 99%, the selectivity of ethylene of these three single atom alloy catalysts was still more than 73%. Furthermore, the single atom alloy catalyst prepared by sequential incipient wetness impregnation was found to have the best stability among the three procedures used.

关键词： palladium-copper bimetallic catalyst singleatom alloy acetylene hydrogenation hAADF-STEM h2pulse chemisorption

Ground-based and additional science support for SMILE

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 275-298页

作者： J.A.Carter M.Dunlop C.Forsyth K.Oksavik E.Donovon A.Kavanagh S.E.Milan T.Sergienko R.C.Fear D.G.Sibeck M.Connors T.Yeoman X.Tan M.G.G.T.Taylor K.Mcwilliams J.Gjerloev R.Barnes D.D.Billet G.Chisham A.Dimmock M.P.Freeman D.-S.han M.D.hartinger S.-Y.w.hsieh Z.-J.hu M.K.james L.Juusola K.Kauristie E.A.Kronberg M.Lester J.Manuel J.Matzka I.McCrea Y.Miyoshi J.Rae L.Ren F.Sigernes E.Spanswick K.Sterne A.Steuwer T.Sun M.-T.walach B.walsh C.wang J.weygand J.wild J.Yan J.Zhang Q.-h.Zhang Planetary Sciences Group School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterUniversity RoadLeicesterLE17RHUK Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Space Science Technology Facilities CouncilOxfordshireUK School of Space and Environment Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Space Environment Monitoring and Information Processing Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyBeijing 100017China Department of Space and Climate Physics UCLMullard Space Science LaboratoryHolmbury St.MaryDorkingSurreyRH56NTUK Birkeland Centre for Space Science Department of Physics and Technology.University of BergenBergenNorway Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Calgary2500 University DriveCalgaryAlbertaCanada T2N 1N4 British Antarctic Survey CambridgeUK Swedish Institute of Space Physics KirunaSweden west highfield Campus University of SouthamptonUniversity RoadSO171BJUK Goddard Space Flight Center NASAGreenbeltMarylandUSA Athabasca University AthabascaCanada ESTEC European Space AgencyNetherlands University of Saskatchewan SaskatoonCanada The Johns hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory LaurelMarylandUSA Swedish Institude of Space Physics UppsalaSE 75121Sweden Tongji University Shanghai 200092China Center for Space Plasma Physics Space Science Institute4765 Walnut Street Suite BBoulderColorado80301USA Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai 200136China Finnish Meteorological Institute(FMI) Finland Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences(Geophysics) Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich(LMU)MunichTheresienstr.41MunichD-80333Germany Canadian Space Agency MontrealCanada GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences PotsdamGermany Nagoya University Institute for Space Earth Environment ResearchCenter for Integrated Data ScienceNagoyaAichiJP 464-8601 Northumbria University Newcastle upon TyneTyne and WearUK NE18ST National Space Science Center Chinese Academy SciencesBeijing 100190China Arctic Geophysics University Centre in Svalbard

The joint European Space Agency and Chinese Academy of Sciences Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)mission will explore global dynamics of the magnetosphere under varying solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field conditions,and simultaneously monitor the auroral response of the Northern hemisphere *** these large-scale responses with medium and fine-scale measurements at a variety of cadences by additional ground-based and space-based instruments will enable a much greater scientific impact beyond the original goals of the SMILE ***,we describe current community efforts to prepare for SMILE,and the benefits and context various experiments that have explicitly expressed support for SMILE can offer.A dedicated group of international scientists representing many different experiment types and geographical locations,the Ground-based and Additional Science working Group,is facilitating these *** include constructing an online SMILE Data Fusion Facility,the discussion of particular or special modes for experiments such as coherent and incoherent scatter radar,and the consideration of particular observing strategies and spacecraft *** anticipate growing interest and community engagement with the SMILE mission,and we welcome novel ideas and insights from the solar-terrestrial community.

关键词： magnetosphere ionosphere magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling ground-based experimentation SMILE conjunctions missions

Fine-scale hydrologic modeling for regional landscape applications:the California Basin Characterization Model development and performance

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Ecological Processes 2013年第1期2卷 254-274页

作者： Lorraine E Flint Alan L Flint james h Thorne Ryan Boynton water Resources Discipline U.S.Geological SurveyPlacer Hall6000 J StreetSacramentoCA 95819-6129USA Information Center for the Environment University of CaliforniaDavisCA95616USA

Introduction:Resource managers need spatially explicit models of hydrologic response to changes in key climatic drivers across variable landscape *** demonstrate the utility of a Basin Characterization Model for California(CA-BCM)to integrate high-resolution data on physical watershed characteristics with historical or projected climate data to predict watershed-specific hydrologic ***:The CA-BCM applies a monthly regional water-balance model to simulate hydrologic responses to climate at the spatial resolution of a 270-m *** model has been calibrated using a total of 159 relatively unimpaired watersheds for the California ***:As a result of calibration,predicted basin discharge closely matches measured data for validation *** CA-BCM recharge and runoff estimates,combined with estimates of snowpack and timing of snowmelt,provide a basis for assessing variations in water *** important output variable,climatic water deficit,integrates the combined effects of temperature and rainfall on site-specific soil moisture,a factor that plants may respond to more directly than air temperature and precipitation *** outputs are calculated for each grid cell,allowing results to be summarized for a variety of planning units including hillslopes,watersheds,ecoregions,or political ***:The ability to confidently calculate hydrologic outputs at fine spatial scales provides a new suite of hydrologic predictor variables that can be used for a variety of purposes,such as projections of changes in water availability,environmental demand,or distribution of plants and *** we present the framework of the CA-BCM model for the California hydrologic region,a test of model performance on 159 watersheds,summary results for the region for the 1981–2010 time period,and changes since the 1951–1980 time period.

关键词： water balance Basin models watershed hydrology Climate change Downscaling Basin characterization model