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otolaryngology residency program factors associated with female resident representation

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World Journal of otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 7-11页

作者： Julia E.Canick james C.Campbell Charles R.Woodard Lars J.Grimm Alissa M.Collins Duke University School of Medicine DurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Head and Neck Surgery&Communication Sciences Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Radiology Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA

objective:Female representation in the field of otolaryngology is *** is the first point at which medical school graduates specialize in a chosen field and thus represents an opportunity to recruit and train more female *** study sought to identify program factors associated with greater female representation among resident ***:Departmental websites of all 124 otolaryngology residency programs in the United States and Puerto Rico were examined for a list of *** programs with a resident roster available,the genders of residents,faculty,program directors,and chairpersons were *** and city population for each program was also recorded,as was female resident *** were compared using Pearson Chi‐squared univariate ***:1,632 residents and 2,605 faculty were included in the analysis of 109 *** median female resident representation was 40%.Programs with larger faculty sizes,more female faculty,and urban location were associated with an above‐median female resident *** with a larger residency cohort approached significance regarding above‐median female resident *** female faculty representation,program director gender,chairperson gender,and US region were not associated with variation in female resident ***:Greater female otolaryngology residency representation was associated with programs having an urban location and greater numbers of female and total *** was also likely that a larger resident cohort size may affect female resident *** proportions of female faculty,program director,and chairperson gender,as well as the US region,were not associated with variation in female resident gender representation.

关键词： gender program director recruitment residency training

Nanomineralogy of evaporative precipitation of efflorescent compounds from coal mine drainage

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第6期12卷 404-410页

作者： Luis F.o.Silva Diana Pinto Guilherme L.Dotto james C.Hower Department of Civil and Environmental.Universidad de La Costa CUCCalle 58#55–66BarranquillaAtlanticoColombia Universidade Federal de Santa Maria–UFSM 1000Roraima Avenue97105–900Santa MariaRSBrazil University of Kentucky Department of Earth&Environmental SciencesLexingtonKY40506USA University of Kentucky Center for Applied Energy Research2540 Research Park DriveLexingtonKY40511USA

Efflorescent nanophases(NPs) are found as a transitory accumulation of potentially hazardous elements(PHEs),particularly in tropical climates. The central objective of this study was to investigate the distribution of PHEs with NPs through the evaporative formation structures(EFS) of enormously PHEs-rich coal-mine drainages(CMD). The EFS were studied in natural coal mine drainage for five months in order to determine their geochemical and ecological structures and to assess their position in the reduction of PHEs in nature. The largest coal-fired power plant in South America, located in south Brazil, is used as an example of such a problem. In this work, a novel methodology for the analysis of PHEs in CMD precipitates is proposed for this affected coal *** analytical method, combining X-Ray Diffraction(XRD) and advanced electron microscopies, shows the importance of nanomineralogy in understanding different circumstances of coal contamination. Several ultrafinenanoparticles(UNPs) were identified in the sampled soils and river sediments together with the PHEs. A decrease in PHEs was identified in association with UNPs. However, further investigations are required with regard to the mobility of PHEs in water, atmosphere, soils, and sediments. The EPS was thoroughly studied, acquiring suitable understanding with investigational facts for Ca and Fe-sulphates, pickeringite, and several amorphous phases.

关键词： Coal mine drainage Evaporative precipitation Sediments Water and soil pollution

Results of selective decontamination with oral neomycin and metronidazole for major colorectal surgery in Australia:A cohort study

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery 2024年第2期7卷 72-78页

作者： james Wei Tatt Toh Devansh Shah Henry Wang Charlotte Kwik Joseph Do Woong Choi Chelsie Leonie Beinke Paul Morris Eleni Baird-Gunning Geoffrey Peter Collins Fiona Gavegan Karen Shedden Toufic El-Khoury Nimalan Pathma-Nathan Kerry Hitos Department of Colorectal Surgery Westmead HospitalWestmeadNew South WalesAustralia The University of Sydney Westmead HospitalWestmeadNew South WalesAustralia Western Sydney University New South WalesAustralia University of Notre Dame New South WalesAustralia Westmead Research Centre for Evaluation of Surgical outcomes Westmead HospitalSydneyAustralia

objective The role of selective decontamination with oral antibiotics(oABs)and mechanical bowel preparation(MBP)prior to elective colorectal surgery is still widely *** objective of this study was to compare the outcomes of selective decontamination with neomycin,metronidazole and MBP compared to those of decontamination with MBP alone or with no *** Selective decontamination with neomycin and metronidazole combined with bowel preparation was introduced prior to elective colorectal surgery as part of an enhanced recovery after surgery program at Westmead Hospital,a major Australian tertiary referral hospital,between June 2017 and January *** between short-term outcomes of oAB+MBP and MBP/no preparation were made using prospectively collected data on length of stay(LoS),readmission,mortality within 30 days,anastomotic leakage(AL),surgical site infection(SSI),urinary tract infection,deep venous thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism,pneumonia,and ***-up was limited to hospital stays and subsequent presentations within the health district within thirty days of *** Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyse continuous data,and the chi-square test was used for categorical *** and multivariate regression modelling was performed to identify risk factors associated with an increased likelihood of SSI and *** Patients with oral neomycin and metronidazole combined with bowel preparation had reduced superficial SSI(2.7%vs.7.6%,p=0.043)and overall complications(32.7%vs.44.6%,p=0.020),particularly Clavien-Dindo 1 complications(7.3%vs.16.5%,p=0.009).However,the differences in AL(2.7%vs.4.5%,p=0.369)and organ/space SSI(1.3%vs.3.7%,p=0.327)were not statistically *** median LoS(6 d vs.6 d,p=0.370)was not different between the *** Selective decontamination with neomycin and metronidazole reduces the risk of SSIs and overall *** was a trend to toward a lower AL,but this differ

关键词： Neomycin Metronidazole Colorectal surgery Anastomotic leakage Surgical site infection

Surgical intervention combined with weight-bearing walking training promotes recovery in patients with chronic spinal cord injury:a randomized controlled study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2773-2784页

作者： Hui Zhu james D.Guest Sarah Dunlop Jia-Xin Xie Sujuan Gao Zhuojing Luo Joe E.Springer Wutian Wu Wise Young Wai Sang Poon Song Liu Hongkun Gao Tao Yu Dianchun Wang Libing Zhou Shengping Wu Lei Zhong Fang Niu Xiaomei Wang Yansheng Liu Kwok-Fai So Xiao-Ming Xu Kunming Tongren Hospital KunmingYunnan ProvinceChina Neurological Surgery and the Miami Project to Cure ParalysisMiller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA School of Biological Sciences The University of Western AustraliaPerthWAAustralia Minderoo Foundation PerthWAAustralia Clinical Center for Spinal Cord Injury Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military CommandKunmingYunnan ProvinceChina Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of orthopedic Spinal Surgery Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi ProvinceChina Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationUniversity of Kentucky College of MedicineLexingtonKYUSA Guangdong-HongKong-Macao Institute of CNS Regeneration Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina W.M.Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience Rutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJUSA Neurosurgery Department Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong Special Administration RegionChina Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteDepartment of Neurological SurgeryIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA

For patients with chronic spinal cord injury,the co nventional treatment is rehabilitation and treatment of spinal cord injury complications such as urinary tract infection,pressure sores,osteoporosis,and deep vein *** is rarely perfo rmed on spinal co rd injury in the chronic phase,and few treatments have been proven effective in chronic spinal cord injury *** of effective therapies fo r chronic spinal co rd injury patients is *** conducted a randomized controlled clinical trial in patients with chronic complete thoracic spinal co rd injury to compare intensive rehabilitation(weight-bearing walking training)alone with surgical intervention plus intensive *** clinical trial was registered at ***(NCT02663310).The goal of surgical intervention was spinal cord detethering,restoration of cerebrospinal fluid flow,and elimination of residual spinal cord *** found that surgical intervention plus weight-bearing walking training was associated with a higher incidence of American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale improvement,reduced spasticity,and more rapid bowel and bladder functional recovery than weight-bearing walking training ***,the surgical procedures and intensive rehabilitation were *** Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale improvement was more common in T7-T11 injuries than in T2-T6 *** combined with rehabilitation appears to have a role in treatment of chronic spinal cord injury patients.

关键词： chronic spinal cord injury intensive rehabilitation locomotor training neurological recovery surgical intervention weightbearing walking training

Transarterial chemoembolization and bland embolization for hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第12期20卷 3069-3077页

作者： Emmanuel A Tsochatzis Evangelia Fatourou james o'Beirne Tim Meyer Andrew K Burroughs Sheila Sherlock Liver Centre Royal Free Hospital and UCL Institute of Liver and Digestive Health Department of oncology Royal Free Hospital and UCL

Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)is the first line treatment for patients with intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma but is also increasingly being used for patients on the transplant waiting list to prevent further tumor *** its widespread use,TACE remains an unstandardized procedure,with variation in type and size of embolizing particles,type and dose of chemotherapy and interval between *** evidence from randomized controlled trials suggest that bland transarterial embolization(TAE)has the same efficacy with *** the current article,we review the use of TACE and TAE for hepatocellular carcinoma and we focus on the evidence for their use.

关键词： Cirrhosis Hepatocellular carcinoma Mortality Embolization Transarterial chemoembolization Transarterial embolization Prognosis

Emissions and noise mitigation through use of electric motorcycles

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Transportation Safety and Environment 2019年第2期1卷 164-175页

作者： Michael Hernandez Kara M.Kockelman james o.Lentz Jooyong Lee Department of Civil Architecturaland Environmental EngineeringThe University of Texas at Austin301 E Dean KeetonECJSuite 6.9AustinTX 78712-1076USA

Gasoline-powered motorcycles contribute disproportionately to traffic noise and emissions,so motorcycle electrification merits *** advances in battery efficiency allow electric motorcycles(EMCs)to join electric cars and bicycles as a viable consumer *** study quantifies noise and emissions using both simulations and experimental data,examines the factors that make motorcycles big offender and uses popular EMC makes and models to estimate the costs and benefits of electrification in the *** produce more Co,CH4,Nox,HC and particulate matter per vehicle-mile travelled than passenger *** to limited regulation of motorcycles and weak enforcement,the perceived noise level of motorcycles exceeds that of most other vehicles,being roughly double those of automobiles at speeds of over 30 mph and surpassing even those of medium trucks and buses at speeds of over 50 mph,at which point motorcycles exceeds the 80 dBA US standard *** can resolve such issues,although range limitations and high prices are presently a barrier to widespread *** order to realize these environmental benefits,it is important that electrification occurs with a corresponding shift away from coal as an energy *** emission regulations and stronger enforcement of existing prohibitions on certain forms of customization could also reduce the outlier status of gasoline-powered motorcycles.

关键词： motorcycles electric motorcycles motorcycle emissions motorcycle sound emissions electrification

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智利的矿业繁荣给“世界之眼”带来威胁

商业周刊（中文版） 2024年第12期 58-65页

作者： Laura Bliss james Attwood Cristobal olivares(图) 永年(译) 不详

在科学仰望星空之时,工业却在下探大地在爱德华多·翁达-桑扎娜(Eduardo Unda-Sanzana)一开始来到智利的阿塔卡玛沙漠教授天文学的时候,当地的黑暗曾让人辨不清方向。她所在的小型天文台位于智力北方天主教大学,位置偏远,让这里成为研... 详细信息

在科学仰望星空之时,工业却在下探大地在爱德华多·翁达-桑扎娜(Eduardo Unda-Sanzana)一开始来到智利的阿塔卡玛沙漠教授天文学的时候,当地的黑暗曾让人辨不清方向。她所在的小型天文台位于智力北方天主教大学,位置偏远,让这里成为研究变星和系外行星的理想有利位置。但由于没有夜间显露的光影,翁达-桑扎娜无法看出最近的城市在哪里。

关键词：系外行星天主教大学仰望星空翁达天文学智利天文台

Rapunzel syndrome is not just a mere surgical problem: A case report and review of current management

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2017年第2期5卷 50-55页

作者： obinna obinwa David Cooper Faraz Khan james M o'Riordan Department of Surgery the Adelaide and Meath Hospital Dublin Incorporating the National Children’s Hospital

Recurrent Rapunzel syndrome(RRS) is a rare clinical presentation with fewer than six cases reported in the Pub Med literature. A report of RRS and literature review is presented. A 25-year-old female was admitted to hospital with a 4-wk history of epigastric pain and swelling. She had a known history of trichophagia with a previous admission for Rapunzel syndrome requiring a laparotomy nine years earlier, aged 16. Psychological treatment had been successfully achieved for nine years with outpatient hypnotherapy sessions only, but she defaulted on her last session due to stressors at home. The abdominal examination demonstrated an epigastric mass. Computer tomography scan revealed a large gastric bezoar and features of aspiration pneumonia. The patient underwent emergency open surgical laparotomy for removal as the bezoar could not be removed endoscopically. The bezoar was cast in a shape that mimicked the contours of the stomach and proximal small bowel, hence the diagnosis of RRS. The patient was seen by a psychiatrist and was commenced on Quetiapine before discharge. She continues to attend follow-up.

关键词： Trichobezoars Rapunzel syndrome Recurrence obsessive compulsive disorders Case report

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百年变局背景下国际直接投资趋势与政策展望

国际经济评论 2024年第2期170卷 71-94,5,6页

作者：詹晓宁齐凡吴琦琦联合国贸易和发展组织投资和企业司南开大学国际经济研究所

全球一体化生产网络正在广泛和深刻地分化重组。本文通过梳理全球国际直接投资的历史演变和现实状态,对未来国际直接投资的格局做出研判。本文基于全球治理变革、新技术革命、产业政策主导以及可持续发展浪潮四大关键推动因素,推断未来... 详细信息

全球一体化生产网络正在广泛和深刻地分化重组。本文通过梳理全球国际直接投资的历史演变和现实状态,对未来国际直接投资的格局做出研判。本文基于全球治理变革、新技术革命、产业政策主导以及可持续发展浪潮四大关键推动因素,推断未来国际投资生产格局将围绕着东亚、北美和西欧三大区域轴心,朝着十大方向转变。其中包括产业链的区域化、产业链缩短、投资的轻资产化、服务附加值份额增长、市场导向型外国直接投资(FDI)上升、中间品贸易下行、生产定制化转变、基础设施和公共服务领域FDI增长以及绿色经济、蓝色经济和循环经济投资成为投资促进的重点。最后,结合预测结论,本文对中国吸收外资、对外投资工作重点、促进投融资动态平衡、产业链重塑、可持续发展以及服务业提升六个方面提出了若干建议。

关键词：国际直接投资全球产业链国际投资政策环境、社会和公司治理最低所得税率改革