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Efficacy of infliximab in acute severe ulcerative colitis:A single-centre experience

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第7期19卷 1091-1097页

作者： Stephen J Halpin P John Hamlin Daniel P Gree Lisa Warren alexander C Ford Leeds Gastroenterology Institute St.James's University HospitalLeedsWest Yorkshire LS9 7TFUnited Kingdom Leeds Gastroenterology Institute St.James's University HospitalLeedsWest Yorkshire LS9 7TFUnited Kingdom r Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine University of LeedsLeedsWest Yorkshire LS9 7TFUnited Kingdom

AIM:To suggest infliximab(IFX) is effective for acute severe ulcerative colitis,from real-life clinical ***:All patients receiving IFX for the treatment of acute severe ulcerative colitis in a single centre were *** were extracted from clinical records in order to assess response to IFX *** primary endpoint was colectomy-free survival,and secondary outcomes included glucocorticosteroid-free remission and safety,which was evaluated by recording deaths and adverse *** and clinical characteristics of those who underwent colectomy and those who were colectomy-free,both at discharge from their index admission,and during follow-up after an initial response to IFX were ***:Forty-four patients(16 females,mean age 36 years) received IFX between May 2006 and January 2012 for acute severe ulcerative *** median duration of follow-up post-first infusion was 396 d(interquartile range = 173-828 d).There were 21(47.7%) patients with 2 years of follow-up post-first infusion of ***,35(79.5%) responded to IFX,avoiding colectomy during their index admission,29(65.9%) were colectomyfree at last point of follow-up(median follow-up 396 d),and 25(56.8%) were in glucocorticosteroid-free remission at end of *** was one death from post-operative sepsis,20 d after a single IFX *** rates were generally lower among those "bridging" to *** 18 patients "bridged" to thiopurine therapy,17(94.4%) were colectomyfree,and 15(83.3%) were in glucocorticosteroid-free remission at study *** predictors of response were ***:IFX is effective for acute severe ulcerative colitis in real-life clinical ***-thirds of patients avoided colectomy,and more than 50% were in glucocorticosteroid-free remission.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Severe Azathioprine Infliximab Remission

The Training and Performance of Emergency Physicians as Anesthetists for International Medical Surgical Response Teams: The Emergency Physician’s General Anesthesia Syllabus (EP GAS)

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2014年第2期4卷 53-61页

作者： Richard Skupski Mark Walsh Manar Jbara Donald Zimmer Bhavesh M. Patel Michael T. McCurdy james Lantry Braxton Fritz Patrick Davis Harsha Musunuru Anne Newbold Art Toth Richard Frechette Tiffany alexander Madhura Sundararajan John Lovejoy Dan Hottinger Joe Capannari Rachel Kurcz Gerard Bernard Harold Previl Department of Anesthesia and Trauma Services Memorial Hos-pital of South Bend South Bend USA Department of Anesthesia and Trauma Services Memorial Hos-pital of South Bend South Bend USA Sacred Heart Hospital Milot Haiti Department of Anesthesia and Trauma Services Memorial Hos-pital of South Bend South Bend USA St. Damien and St. Luc’s Hospital Port au Prince Haiti Department of Anesthesia and Trauma Services Memorial Hos-pital of South Bend South Bend USA St. Damien and St. Luc’s Hospital Port au Prince Haiti Sacred Heart Hospital Milot Haiti Department of Anesthesia and Trauma Services Memorial Hos-pital of South Bend South Bend USA St. Damien and St. Luc’s Hospital Port au Prince Haiti Mayo Clinic—Emergency Medicine Residency Program Rochester USA Sacred Heart Hospital Milot Haiti St. Damien and St. Luc’s Hospital Port au Prince Haiti St. Damien and St. Luc’s Hospital Port au Prince Haiti University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore USA St. Damien and St. Luc’s Hospital Port au Prince Haiti University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore USA. St. Damien and St. Luc’s Hospital Port au Prince Haiti Mayo Clinic—Critical Care Medicine Scottsdale USA

Background: The availability of an anesthesiologist is often a limiting factor in the number of operations that can be performed by International Medical Surgical Response Teams (IMSuRT). Because emergency physicians (EPs) possess skills in airway control, management of moderate and deep sedation, and ventilator management, we propose that with proper training in general anesthesia, EPs can serve as anesthetists for IMSuRT with anesthesiologist supervision. Methods: During a 10-week period, a board-certified EP administered general anesthesia to 60 patients prior to a surgical medical mission trip. The breakdown of surgical cases was: 11 orthopedic, 2 genitourinary, 20 ear, nose, and throat, 8 obstetrics and gynecological, 13 general surgery, and 6 vascular. A simplified protocol for induction, maintenance, and emergence was adhered to for all cases. Results: Fourteen orthopedic cases using general anesthesia were performed in a one-week period in Haiti. These cases involved open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), hemiarthoplasty, hardware removal, tendon transfer and external fixation of fractured bone. Conclusion: We demonstrate the feasibility of a model curriculum to train EPs in the basics of anesthesia. The EP can safely and effectively deliver general anesthesia for major cases on surgical medical mission trips under the auspices of an anesthesiologist in an austere environment.

关键词： Emergency Physicians General Anesthesia Syllabus International Medical Surgical Response Teams Anesthetists Induction Maintenance Emergence Anesthesia

Fecal microbiota transplant and dermatologic disorders:A retrospective cohort study assessing the gut microbiome’s role in skin disease

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World Journal of Dermatology 2021年第1期9卷 1-10页

作者： Ashley M Snyder james Abbott M Kyle Jensen Aaron M Secrest Department of Dermatology University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84132United States Department of Population Health Sciences University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84108United States Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84113United States

BACKGROUND There is indication that fecal microbiota transplant(FMT)has the potential to alter the course of chronic skin disease,but few studies have investigated this phenomenon beyond case *** with larger sample sizes is needed to provide a more thorough assessment of possible associations and to establish a broader foundation upon which to base *** To identify associations between FMT and skin conditions,particularly infectious and inflammatory etiologies,and the role of dermatology *** We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving a chart review of all patients whom received FMT between January 2013 and December 2019 at a single academic medical *** follow-up was assessed for the two years after FMT or through March 2020 for more recent *** diagnoses and visits within the study time frame were recorded and assessed for *** study was exploratory in *** statistics were calculated,and the t-test,pearson’s chi-squared test,and Fisher’s exact test were used to calculate P *** Median age was 38(range,17-90).In total,109 patients who underwent 111 fecal microbiota transplant events were ***-six events(23.4%)involved a dermatology office visit post-procedure,and of these events,20 out of the 26(76.9%)had an infectious or inflammatory skin *** mean time to first visit was 10.0(±7.0)*** most common diagnoses were dermatophyte,wart(s),and dermatitis,though no specific diagnoses predominated in a way indicating FMT had a significant *** patients with a post-FMT skin disease diagnosis had a history of Crohn’s disease compared to those without(P=0.022),but results could be affected by a small sample *** Our study is limited by its retrospective nature,but the findings allow a glimpse at dermatologic conditions *** significant associations were found,but potential associations between FMT and skin disease should

关键词： Fecal microbiota transplantation Infections Inflammation Microbiota Skin diseases Retrospective studies

Colonoscopy quality with Entonox? vs intravenous conscious sedation:18608 colonoscopy retrospective study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2017年第9期9卷 471-479页

作者： alexander R Robertson Nicholas A Kennedy james A Robertson Nicholas I Church Colin L Noble Department of Gastroenterology Western General Hospital Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine University of Edinburgh Department of Gastroenterology University of Exeter School of Life Sciences University of Nottingham Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh

AIM To compare colonoscopy quality with nitrous oxide gas(Entonox?) against intravenous conscious sedation using midazolam plus *** A retrospective analysis was performed on a prospectively held database of 18608 colonoscopies carried out in Lothian health board hospitals between July 2013 and January *** quality of colonoscopies performed with Entonox was compared to intravenous conscious sedation(abbreviated in this article as IVM).Furthermore,the quality of colonoscopies performed with an unmedicated group was compared to *** study used the following key markers of colonoscopy quality:(1) patient comfort scores;(2) caecal intubation rates(CIRs); and (3) polyp detection rates (PDRs).We used binary logistic regression to model the *** There was no difference in the rate of moderate-toextreme discomfort between the Entonox and IVM groups (17.9% vs 18.8%; OR = 1.06,95%CI: 0.95-1.18,P = 0.27).Patients in the unmedicated group were less likely to experience moderate-to-extreme discomfort than those in the IVM group(11.4% vs 18.8%; OR = 0.71,95%CI: 0.60-0.83,P < 0.001).There was no difference in caecal intubation between the Entonox and IVM groups(94.4% vs 93.7%; OR = 1.08,95%CI: 0.92-1.28,P = 0.34).There was no difference in caecal intubation between the unmedicated and IVM groups (94.2% vs 93.7%; OR = 0.98,95%CI: 0.79-1.22,P = 0.87).Polyp detection in the Entonox group was not different from IVM group (35.0% vs 33.1%; OR = 1.01,95%CI: 0.93-1.10,P = 0.79).Polyp detection in the unmedicated group was not significantly different from the IVM group (37.4% vs 33.1%; OR = 0.97,95%CI: 0.87-1.08,P = 0.60).CONCLUSION The use of Entonox was not associated with lower colonoscopy quality when compared to intravenous conscious sedation using midazolam plus opioid.

关键词： Gastrointestinal endoscopy Colonoscopy Caecal intubation Benzodiazepine Polyp detection Nitrous oxide Entonox Midazolam Sedation Unsedated

白洋淀底栖动物群落特征与重金属潜在生态风险的相关性研究

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农业环境科学学报 2013年第3期32卷 612-621页

作者：张璐璐刘静玲 james P.Lassoie 李毅水环境模拟国家重点实验室北京师范大学环境学院北京100875 康奈尔大学农业与生命学院美国纽约14853

在2011年4—11月,对白洋淀表层沉积物重金属含量和底栖动物群落的时空分布特征进行了分析,探讨了重金属分布对底栖动物群落结构特征的影响,采用Hakanson潜在生态风险指数法综合评价了白洋淀沉积物中重金属污染状况和潜在风险程度。结果... 详细信息

在2011年4—11月,对白洋淀表层沉积物重金属含量和底栖动物群落的时空分布特征进行了分析,探讨了重金属分布对底栖动物群落结构特征的影响,采用Hakanson潜在生态风险指数法综合评价了白洋淀沉积物中重金属污染状况和潜在风险程度。结果表明,沉积物中重金属含量大小顺序为Zn>Cr>Cu>Pb>As>Cd>Hg,表层沉积物中重金属的潜在生态风险处于低风险水平,综合潜在生态风险指数为17.55～62.89;各种重金属元素的单项潜在生态风险大小顺序为Hg>Cd>As>Cu>Pb>Cr>Zn;潜在生态风险分布也存在时空差异,就空间分布而言,生境1中最高,依次为生境2和生境3;就时间分布而言,8月最高,依次为4月和11月。同时,对白洋淀的底栖动物的群落结构也进行了调查分析,结构指标分布也存在时空差异。就空间分布而言,HBI、PTT、NDT、PC、PDT、CLI的最大值均出现在生境1,PIT、PNI、CSI的最大值出现在生境3,TR的最大值出现在生境2;就时间分布而言,HBI、PTT、TR、NDT、PNI、PC、PDT、CLI的最大值出现在8月,PIT、CSI的最大值出现在4月。并对重金属潜在生态风险及其与底栖动物生物指标的相关性进行了探讨,结果表明EriCd、EriCr、EriCu、EriPb,以及RI与NDT的相关性最显著,EriHg与CSI的相关性最显著,EriZn与CLI的相关性最显著。因此,在白洋淀重金属生态风险的生物监测中,可以考虑运用底栖动物的NDT、CLI、CSI指标。

关键词：白洋淀重金属,Hakanson潜在生态风险底栖动物生态监测

Enhanced environmental surveillance for avian influenza A/H5,H7 and H9 viruses in Guangxi,China,2017-2019

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Biosafety and Health 2023年第1期5卷 30-36页

作者： Tao Chen Yi Tan Ying Song Guangwu Wei Zhiqiang Li Ximing Wang Jing Yang alexander J.Millman Minmei Chen Deping Liu Tao Huang Ming Jiao Weitao He Xiuchang Zhao Carolyn M.Greene james C.Kile Suizan Zhou Ran Zhang Xiaoxu Zeng Qian Guo Dayan Wang Chinese National Influenza Center National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China Guangxi Autonomous Regional Center for Disease Control and Prevention Nanning 530028China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta 30329USA Chongzuo City Center for Disease Control and Prevention Chongzuo 532299China Pingxiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention Pingxiang 532699China Longzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention Chongzuo 532499China

We conducted environmental surveillance to detect avian influenza viruses circulating at live poultry markets(LPMs)and poultry farms in Guangxi Autonomous Region,China,where near the China-Vietnam *** November through April 2017-2018 and 2018-2019,we collected environmental samples from 14 LPMs,4 poultry farms,and 5 households with backyard poultry in two counties of Guangxi and tested for avian influenza A,H5,H7,and H9 by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(rRT-PCR).In addition,we conducted four cross-sectional questionnaire surveys among stall owners on biosecurity practices in LPMs of two study *** 16,713 environmental specimens collected and tested,the median weekly positive rate for avian influenza A was 53.6%(range=33.5%-66.0%),including 25.2%for H9,4.9%for H5,and 21.2%for other avian influenza viruses A subtypes,whereas a total of two H7 positive samples were *** the 189 LPM stalls investigated,most stall owners(73.0%)sold chickens and ***,continued surveillance of the avian influenza virus is necessary for detecting and responding to emerging trends in avian influenza virus epidemiology.

关键词： Avian influenza virus Environmental surveillance Live-poultry-market

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流域的可持续管理:国际多个流域的案例研究

AMBIO－人类环境杂志 2002年第1期31卷 2-13页

作者： Walter Wagner james Gawel Hiroaki Furumai Marcelo Pereira de Souza Denilson Teixeira Leonardo Rios Shinichiro Ohgaki alexander J.B.Zehnder Harold F.Hemond 刘林群世界水联合会(WWF)瑞士分会淡水计划部 Tacoma的华盛顿大学跨学科艺术和科学计划部东京大学城市工程系圣保罗大学圣卡罗斯工程学院 Andre Tosello基金会瑞士联邦环境科学技术研究所麻省理工学院

全球淡水资源正在不断受到污染和亏耗,威胁着可持续发展及人类和生态系统的健康。本文通过美国、日本、瑞士和巴西四个不同流域的案例研究,阐述了与淡水资源密切相关的可持续发展中的缺陷,指明了水资源可持续管理的总体方向。由于近几... 详细信息

全球淡水资源正在不断受到污染和亏耗,威胁着可持续发展及人类和生态系统的健康。本文通过美国、日本、瑞士和巴西四个不同流域的案例研究,阐述了与淡水资源密切相关的可持续发展中的缺陷,指明了水资源可持续管理的总体方向。由于近几十年来人口的增长和经济的发展,每个流域的水质、流量和生物资源量都在下降。但是对于不同的流域来说,与水有关的这些问题的严重程度和文化观念大不相同,因而形成各自独特的水资源管理政策。在工业化国家,例如美国、瑞士和日本,这类政策允许采用资金密集型和能源密集型技术,使得这些国家在满足其水资源需求的同时还能尽量降低人类健康风险。然而,从可持续发展的观点看,以有限的自然资源为基础制定的这类政策,并非长久之计。对于新兴工业化国家(如巴西)来说,昂贵的水资源管理技术在经济上常常行不通,因而限制了新兴工业化国家和发展中国家对发达国家提供的技术的利用程度。要实现水资源的可持续管理,发达国家、新兴工业化国家和发展中国家都需要经历一个学习的过程。

关键词：流域可持续管理国际多个流域案例研究

Associations between Health-Related Fitness and Cardio-Metabolic Blood Profiles in Low-Income Children

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2015年第9期5卷 370-376页

作者： Ryan D. Burns Timothy A. Brusseau You Fu james C. Hannon Department of Exercise and Sport Science University of Utah Salt Lake City USA Kinesiology and Sport Science Department University of Nebraska Kearney Kearney USA College of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences West Virginia University Morgantown USA

Children from low-income families have a higher incidence for developing early onset cardio-metabolic disease risk factors. Optimal levels of health-related fitness may attenuate risk, but little research has examined its relationships with individual cardio-metabolic blood markers in low-income children. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and correlates of unfavorable cardio-metabolic blood profiles in children from low-income families. Data were collected and analyzed on 124 children (mean age = 10.4 ± 0.9 years;57 girls, 67 boys;97% Hispanic) recruited from three urban Title I schools from the state of Utah in the US Health-related fitness. Measures were collected using the validated FITNESSGRAM fitness test battery. The Cholestech LDX system was used to analyze students’ total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides (TRI), and blood glucose (BG). Capillary blood samples via finger sticks were collected while each student was in a fasted state before school hours. Unfavorable measurements were defined as TC ≥ 200 mg/dL, LDL ≥ 130 mg/dL, HDL 150 mg/dL, and BG ≥ 100 mg/dL (pre-diabetes). Approximately 5.3% of the total sample had unfavorable TC, 16.7% had unfavorable HDL, 16.0% had unfavorable LDL, 15.2% had unfavorable TRI, and 25.4% had unfavorable BG (pre-diabetes). pearson’s chi-square tests revealed no significant differences between sexes on any unfavorable classification after alpha level adjustment (p > 0.01). When all parameters were analyzed as continuous variables, Spearman’s rank correlation revealed a statistically significant linear relationship between aerobic fitness and LDL in boys (rs = -?0.65, p - 0.46, p < 0.01), and between BMI and BG in girls (rs = 0.56, p < 0.01). Aerobic fitness relates to LDL cholesterol in low-income boys and BMI relates to HDL cholesterol and BG in low-income girls.

关键词： Aerobic Fitness Blood Glucose Body Mass Index Cholesterol

ERRATUM:Coupling model for an extended-range plasmonic optical transformer scanning probe

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Light(Science & Applications) 2014年第1期3卷 69-69页

作者： Polyakov, Aleksandr Melli, Mauro Cantarella, Giuseppe Schwartzberg, Adam Weber-Bargioni, alexander Schuck, P james Cabrini, Stefano

Aleksandr Polyakov,Mauro Melli,Giusepp Cantarella,Adam Schwartzberg,alexander Weber-Bargioni,P james Schuck and Stefano Cabrini Light:Science&Applications(2014)3,e217;doi:10.1038/lsa.2014.98;published online 26 September 2014 Correction to:Light:Science&Applications(2014)3,e195;doi:10.1038/sa.2014.76;published online 1 August 2014 Since the publication of this paper,it has been noted that one author was mising from the list of *** correct list of authors is shown *** online article has been corrected *** would like to apologize for any inconvenience this may have caused.

关键词： missing corrected noted