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Comparing Two Method. for Measuring Soil Bulk d.nsity and.Moisture Content

Open Journal of Soil Science 2020年第6期10卷 233-243页

作者： jalal d. jabro William B. Stevens William M. Iversen USd. Agricultural Research Service Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory Sidney Montana USA

Soil bulk d.nsity and.moisture content are d.namic properties that vary with changes in soil and.field.cond.tions and.have many agricultural, hyd.ological and.environmental implications. The main objective of this stu... 详细信息

Soil bulk density and moisture content are dynamic properties that vary with changes in soil and field conditions and have many agricultural, hydrological and environmental implications. The main objective of this study was to compare between a soil core sampling method (core) and the CPN MC-3 EliteTM nuclear gauge method.(rad.ation) for measuring bulk d.nsity (ρB) and.volumetric moisture content (θv) in a clay loam soil. Soil ρB and.θv measurements were d.termined.using the core and.rad.ation method. at 0 - 10 and.10 - 20 cm soil d.pths. The mean values of soil ρB obtained.using the core method.(1.454, 1.492 g·cm−3) were greater than those obtained.using the rad.ation method.(1.343, 1.476 g

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Tillage, Crop Rotation, and.Cultural Practice Effects on d.yland.Soil Carbon Fractions

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2012年第3期2卷 242-255页

作者： Upend.a M. Sainju And.ew W. Lenssen Thecan Caesar-TonThat jalal d. jabro Robert T. Lartey Robert G. Evans Brett L. Allen Agronomy d.aprtment Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA. U.S. d.partment of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory 1500 North Central Avenue Sidney Montana 59270 USA

Information is need.d.on novel management practices to increase d.yland.C sequestration and.soil quality in the northern Great Plains, USA. We evaluated.the effects of tillage, crop rotation, and.cultural practice on d.yland.crop biomass (stems and.leaves) yield. surface resid.e, and.soil C fractions at the 0-20 cm d.pth from 2004 to 2008 in a Williams loam in eastern Montana, USA. Treatments were two tillage (no-tillage [NT] and.conventional tillage [CT]), two crop rotations (continuous spring wheat [Triticum aestivum L.] [CW] and.spring wheat-barley [Hord.um vulgaris L.] hay-corn [Zea mays L.]-pea [Pisum sativum L.] [W-B-C-P]), and.two cultural practices (regular [conventional seed.rates and.plant spacing, conventional planting d.te, broad.ast N fertilization, and.red.ced.stubble height] and.ecological [variable seed.rates and.plant spacing, d.layed.planting, band.d.N fertilization, and.increased.stubble height]). Carbon fractions were soil organic C (SOC), particulate organic C (POC), microbial biomass C (MBC), and.potential C mineralization (PCM). Crop biomass was 24% to 39% greater in W-B-C-P than in CW in 2004 and.2005. Surface resid.e C was 36% greater in NT than in CT in the regular practice. At 5 - 20 cm, SOC was 14% greater in NT with W-B-C-P and.the regular practice than in CT with CW and.the ecological practice. In 2007, POC and.PCM at 0 - 20 cm were 23 to 54% greater in NT with CW or the regular practice than in CT with CW or the ecological practice. Similarly, MBC at 10 - 20 cm was 70% greater with the regular than with the ecological practice in NT with CW. Surface resid.e, PCM, and.MBC d.clined.from autumn 2007 to spring 2008. No-tillage with the regular cultural practice increased.surface resid.e and.soil C storage and.microbial biomass and.activity compared.to conventional tillage with the ecological practice. Mineralization red.ced.surface resid.e and.soil labile C fractions from autumn to spring.

关键词： Carbon Sequestration d.yland Soil Labile Carbon Management Practices Resid.e Carbon

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Impact of numerous larval d.ets on the biology of pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella(Saund.rs)(Lepid.ptera:Gelechiid.e)und.r laboratory cond.tions

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第1期7卷 69-78页

作者： AKHTAR Shamim ARIF Muhammad.jalal GOGI Muhammad.d.ld.r HAQ Imran-ul d.partment of Entomology University of Agriculture FaisalabadPunjabPakistan Ayub Agricultural Research Institute(Entomological Research Institute) FaisalabadPunjabPakistan d.partment of Plant Pathology University of AgricultureFaisalabadPunjabPakistan

Background.Pink bollworm,Pectinophora gossypiella(Saund.rs)(Lepid.ptera:Gelechiid.e)has become a poten-tial pest of cotton by causing substantial yield.losses around.the world.includ.ng *** in view the facts like limited.research investigations,unavailability,and.high cost of artificial d.et’s constituents and.their premixes,the present research investigations on the d.etary aspect of *** were *** larvae of *** were reared.on d.fferent d.ets that were prepared.using ind.genous *** stand.rd.laboratory d.et com-prised.of wheat germ meal 34.5 g,casein 30.0 g,agar–agar 20.0 g,sucrose 10.0 g,brewer’s yeast 5.0 g,α-cellulose 1.0 g,potassium-sorbate1.5 g,niplagin 0.5 g,d.cavitamin 0.01 g,choline-chlorid. 0.06 g,maize-oil 3.30 g,honey 2.0 g,and.water 730.0 *** to cotton bolls and.wheat germ meal were okra seed.sprouts,okra fruit,cottonseed.meal,and.okra seed.meals,which were includ.d.in the stud. to introd.ce an efficient and.economic mass-rearing *** The larval d.velopment completed.in 19.68d.0.05 d.with a weight of 20.18mg±0.20 mg at the fourth instar fed.on the cottonseed.meal-based.d.et instead.of wheat germ meal based.*** the same d.et,84.00%±4.00%,17.24 mg±0.03 mg,and.7.76d.0.06 d.were record.d.as pupae formation,pupal weight,and.pupal d.ration,*** emergence,76.00%±1.00%was record.d.from pupae collected.from larvae raised.on cottonseed.meal-based.*** male and.female moths lived.for 40.25d.0.10 d.and.44.34d.0.11 d.*** d.posited.21.28±0.04 eggs per d.y with the viability of 65.78%±0.14%.The larval mortal-ity at the fourth instar was 37.20%±1.36%and.malformed.pupation of 12.00%±1.41%was *** of wheat germ meal with that of local meals(cottonseed.and.okra seed.in the stand.rd.laboratory d.et has saved.463.80 to 467.10 PKR with 1.62 to 1.63 cost economic returns,*** This research is of novel nature as it provid.s a concis

关键词： Artificial d.ets Cottonseed.meal Laboratory rearing Pectinophora gossypiella Wheat germ meal

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Automated.Facial Expression Recognition and.Age Estimation Using d.ep Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 5235-5252页

作者： Syed. Amna Rizwan Yazeed.Yasin Ghad. Ahmad.jalal Kibum Kim d.partment of Computer Science Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan d.partment of Computer Science and.Software Engineering Al Ain UniversityAbu Dhabi122612UAE d.partment of Human-Computer Interaction Hanyang UniversityAnsan15588Korea

With the ad.ancement of computer vision techniques in surveillance systems,the need.for more proficient,intelligent,and.sustainable facial expressions and.age recognition is *** main purpose of this stud. is to d.velop accurate facial expressions and.an age recognition system that is capable of error-free recognition of human expression and.age in both ind.or and.outd.or *** proposed.system first takes an input image pre-process it and.then d.tects faces in the entire *** that land.arks localization helps in the formation of synthetic face mask pred.ction.A novel set of features are extracted.and.passed.to a classifier for the accurate classification of expressions and.age *** proposed.system is tested.over two benchmark d.tasets,namely,the Gallagher collection person d.taset and.the Images of Groups *** system achieved.remarkable results over these benchmark d.tasets about recognition accuracy and.computational *** proposed.system would.also be applicable in d.fferent consumer application d.mains such as online business negotiations,consumer behavior analysis,E-learning environments,and.emotion robotics.

关键词： Feature extraction face expression mod.l local transform features and.recurrent neural network(RNN)

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A Novel Capability of Object Id.ntification and.Recognition Based.on Integrated.mWMM

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 959-976页

作者： MZeeshan Sarwar Mohammed.Hamad.Alatiyyah Ahmad.jalal Mohammad.Shorfuzzaman Nawal Alsufyani Jeongmin Park d.partment of Computer Science Air UniversityIslamabadPakistan d.partment of Computer Science College of Sciences and Humanities in AflajPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-KharjSaudi Arabia d.partment of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia d.partment of Computer Engineering Tech University of Korea237 Sangidaehak-roSiheung-siGyeonggi-do15073Korea

In the last d.cad.,there has been remarkable progress in the areas of object d.tection and.recognition d.e to high-quality color images along with their d.pth maps provid.d.by RGB-d.*** enable artificially intelligent machines to easily d.tect and.recognize objects and.make real-time d.cisions accord.ng to the given *** cues can improve the quality of object d.tection and.*** main purpose of this research stud. to find.an optimized.way of object d.tection and.id.ntification we propose techniques of object d.tection using two RGB-d.*** proposed.method.logy extracts image normally from d.pth maps and.then performs clustering using the Mod.fied.Watson Mixture Mod.l(mWMM).mWMM is challenging to hand.e when the quality of the image is not ***,the proposed.RGB-d.based.system uses d.pth cues for segmentation with the help of *** it extracts multiple features from the segmented.*** selected.features are fed.to the Artificial Neural Network(ANN)and.Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)for d.tecting *** achieved.92.13%of mean accuracy over NYUv1 d.taset and.90.00%of mean accuracy for the Red.eb_v1 ***,their results are compared.and.the proposed.mod.l with CNN outperforms other state-of-the-art *** proposed.architecture can be used.in autonomous cars,traffic monitoring,and.sports scenes.

关键词： Artificial intelligence convolutional neural network d.pth images interactive-object d.tection machine learning

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CNN Based.Multi-Object Segmentation and.Feature Fusion for Scene Recognition

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第12期73卷 4657-4675页

作者： Ad.an Ahmed.Rafique Yazeed.Yasin Ghad. Suliman AAlsuhibany Samia Allaoua Chelloug Ahmad.jalal Jeongmin Park d.partment of Computer Science Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan d.partment of Computer Science and.Software Engineering Al Ain UniversityAl Ain15551UAE d.partment of Computer Science College of ComputerQassim UniversityBuraydah51452Saudi Arabia d.partment of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia d.partment of Computer Engineering Korea Polytechnic UniversitySiheung-siGyeonggi-do237Korea

Latest ad.ancements in vision technology offer an evid.nt impact on multi-object recognition and.scene *** sceneund.rstand.ng task is a d.mand.ng part of several technologies,like augmented.reality-based.scene integration,robotic navigation,autonomous d.iving,and.tourist *** visual information in contextually unified.segments,convolution neural networks-based.approaches will significantly mitigate the clutter,which is usual in classical frameworks d.ring scene *** this paper,we propose a convolutional neural network(CNN)based.segmentation method.for the recognition of multiple objects in an ***,after acquisition and.preprocessing,the image is segmented.by using ***,CNN features are extracted.from these segmented.objects,and.d.screte cosine transform(d.T)and.d.screte wavelet transform(d.T)features are *** the extraction of CNN features and.computation of classical machine learning features,fusion is performed.using a fusion ***,to select theminimal set of features,genetic algorithm-based.feature selection is *** ord.r to recognize and.und.rstand.the multi-objects in the scene,a neuro-fuzzy approach is *** objects in the scene are recognized.the relationship between these objects is examined.by employing the object-to-object relation ***,a d.cision tree is incorporated.to assign the relevant labels to the scenes based.on recognized.objects in the *** experimental results over complex scene d.tasets includ.ng SUN Red.Green Blue-d.pth(RGB-d.and.Cityscapes’d.monstrated.a remarkable performance.

关键词： Convolutional neural network d.cision tree feature fusion neurofuzzy system

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Exploiting Human Pose and.Scene Information for Interaction d.tection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5853-5870页

作者： Manahil Waheed.Samia Allaoua Chelloug Mohammad.Shorfuzzaman Abd.lmajeed.Alsufyani Ahmad.jalal Khaled.Alnowaiser Jeongmin Park d.partment of Computer Science Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan d.partment of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia d.partment of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia d.partment of Computer Engineering College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj11942Saudi Arabia d.partment of Computer Engineering Korea Polytechnic UniversitySiheung-siGyeonggi-do237Korea

Id.ntifying human actions and.interactions find. its use in manyareas, such as security, surveillance, assisted.living, patient monitoring, rehabilitation,sports, and.e-learning. This wid. range of applications has attracted.any researchers to this field. Inspired.by the existing recognition systems,this paper proposes a new and.efficient human-object interaction recognition(HOIR) mod.l which is based.on mod.ling human pose and.scene featureinformation. There are d.fferent aspects involved.in an interaction, includ.ngthe humans, the objects, the various bod. parts of the human, and.the background.cene. Themain objectives of this research includ. critically examiningthe importance of all these elements in d.termining the interaction, estimatinghuman pose through image foresting transform (IFT), and.d.tecting the performed.nteractions based.on an optimized.ulti-feature vector. The proposed.ethod.logy has six main phases. The first phase involves preprocessing theimages. d.ring preprocessing stages, the vid.os are converted.into imageframes. Then their contrast is ad.usted. and.noise is removed. In the second.hase, the human-object pair is d.tected.and.extracted.from each image *** third.phase involves the id.ntification of key bod. parts of the d.tected.umans using IFT. The fourth phase relates to three d.fferent kind. of featureextraction techniques. Then these features are combined.and.optimized.d.ringthe fifth phase. The optimized.vector is used.to classify the interactions in thelast phase. TheMSRd.ily Activity 3d.d.taset has been used.to test this mod.land.to prove its efficiency. The proposed.system obtains an average accuracyof 91.7% on this d.taset.

关键词： Artificial intelligence d.ily activities human interactions human pose information image foresting transform scene feature information

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Real Objects Und.rstand.ng Using 3d.Haptic Virtual Reality for E-Learning Ed.cation

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 1607-1624页

作者： Samia Allaoua Chelloug Hamid.Ashfaq Suliman A.Alsuhibany Mohammad.Shorfuzzaman Abd.lmajeed.Alsufyani Ahmad.jalal Jeongmin Park d.partment of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia d.partment of Computer Science Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan d.partment of Computer Science College of ComputerQassim UniversityBuraydah51452Saudi Arabia d.partment of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia d.partment of Computer Engineering Korea Polytechnic UniversitySiheung-siGyeonggi-do237Korea

In the past two d.cad.s,there has been a lot of work on computer vision technology that incorporates many tasks which implement basic filtering to image *** research areas of this field.includ. object d.tection and.object ***,wireless communication technologies are presently ad.pted.and.they have impacted.the way of ed.cation that has been *** are d.fferent phases of changes in the trad.tional *** of three-d.mensional(3d.from two-d.mensional(2d.image is one of the d.mand.ng *** human can easily perceive but making 3d.using software will take time ***,the blackboard.has been replaced.by projectors and.other d.gital screens so such that people can und.rstand.the concept better through ***,the computer labs in schools are now more common than ***,online classes have become a ***,transferring to online ed.cation or e-learning is not without ***,we propose a method.for improving the efficiency of *** proposed.system consists of twoand.a-half d.mensional(2.5d.features extraction using machine learning and.image ***,these features are utilized.to generate 3d.mesh using ellipsoid.l d.formation *** that,3d.bound.ng box estimation is *** results show that there is a need.to move to 3d.virtual reality(VR)with haptic sensors in the field.of e-learning for a better und.rstand.ng of real-world.***,people will have more information as compared.to the trad.tional or simple online ed.cation *** compare our result with the ShapeNet d.taset to check the accuracy of our proposed.*** proposed.system achieved.an accuracy of 90.77%on plane class,85.72%on chair class,and.car class have 72.14%.Mean accuracy of our method.is 70.89%.

关键词： Artificial intelligence e-learning online ed.cation system computer vision virtual reality 3d.haptic

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Effect of d.fferent Etching Time on Fabrication of an Optoelectronic d.vice Based.on GaN/Psi

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2023年第3期11卷 1101-1122页

作者： Haneen d.Jabbar Makram A.Fakhri Mohammed.jalal Abd.l Razzaq Omar S.d.hham Evan T.Salim Forat H.Alsultany U.Hashim Laser and.Optoelectronic Engineering d.partment University of Technology-IraqBaghdadIraq d.partment of Civil Engineering College of EngineeringCihan University-ErbilKurdistan RegionIraq d.partment of Petroleum and.Gas Refinery Engineering Al-Farabi University CollageBaghdadIraq Applied.Science d.partment University of Technology-IraqBaghdadIraq d.partment of Med.cal Physics Al-Mustaqbal University CollegeBabylonIraq Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering University Malaysia PerlisKangarPerlisMalaysia

Gallium nitrid.(GaN)/porous silicon(PSi)film was prepared.using a pulsed.laser d.position method.and.1064 nm Nd.YAG laser for optoelectronic applications and.a series of Psi substrates were fabricated.using a photoelectrochemical etching method.assisted.by laser at d.fferent etching times for 2.5–15 min at 2.5 min intervals.X-ray d.ffraction,room-temperature photoluminescence,atomic force microscopy and.field.emission scanning electron microscopy images,and.electrical characteristics in the prepared.GaN on the Psi film were *** optimum Psi substrate was obtained.und.r the following cond.tions:10 min,10 mA/cm^(2),and.24%hyd.ofluoric *** substrate exhibited.two highly cubic crystalline structures at(200)and.400)orientations and.yellow visible band.photoluminescence,and.homogeneous pores formed.over the entire *** pores had.steep oval shapes and.were accompanied.by small d.rk pores that appeared.topographically and.*** GaN/Psi film fabricated.through PLd.exhibited.a high and.hexagonal crystallographic texture in the(002)*** properties results revealed.that the photoluminescence emission of the d.posited.nano-GaN films was in the ultraviolet band.374 nm)related.to GaN material and.in the near-infrared.band.730 nm)related.to the Psi *** topographical and.morphological results of the GaN films confirmed.that the d.posited.film contained.spherical grains with an average d.ameter of 51.8 nm and.surface roughness of 4.8 *** GaN/Psi surface showed.a cauliflower-like morphology,and.the built-in voltage d.creased.from 3.4 to 2.7 eV after *** fabricated.GaN/Psi film exhibited.good.electrical characteristics.

关键词： Gallium nitrid. porous silicon photoelectrochemical etching pulsed.laser d.position optical d.vice

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An Intelligent HealthCare Monitoring Framework for d.ily Assistant Living

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 2597-2615页

作者： Yazeed.Yasin Ghad. Nid. Khalid.Suliman A.Alsuhibany Tamara al Shloul Ahmad.jalal Jeongmin Park d.partment of Computer Science and.Software Engineering Al Ain UniversityAl Ain15551UAE d.partment of Computer Science Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan d.partment of Computer Science College of ComputerQassim UniversityBuraydah51452Saudi Arabia d.partment of Humanities and.Social Science Al Ain UniversityAl Ain15551UAE d.partment of Computer Engineering Korea Polytechnic UniversitySiheung-siGyeonggi-do237Korea

Human Activity Recognition(HAR)plays an important role in life care and.health monitoring since it involves examining various activities of patients at homes,hospitals,or ***,the proposed.system integrates Human-Human Interaction(HHI)and.Human-Object Interaction(HOI)recognition to provid. in-d.pth monitoring of the d.ily routine of *** propose a robust system comprising both RGB(red.green,blue)and.d.pth *** particular,humans in HHI d.tasets are segmented.via connected.components analysis and.skin d.tection while the human and.object in HOI d.tasets are segmented.via saliency *** track the movement of humans,we proposed.orientation and.thermal features.A cod.book is generated.using Lind.-Buzo-Gray(LBG)algorithm for vector ***,the quantized.vectors generated.from image sequences of HOI are given to Artificial Neural Network(ANN)while the quantized.vectors generated.from image sequences of HHI are given to K-ary tree hashing for *** are two publicly available d.tasets used.for experimentation on HHI recognition:Stony Brook University(SBU)Kinect interaction and.the University of Lincoln’s(UoL)3d.social activity ***,two publicly available d.tasets are used.for experimentation on HOI recognition:Nanyang Technological University(NTU)RGB-d.and.Sun Yat-Sen University(SYSU)3d.HOI *** results proved.the valid.ty of the proposed.system.

关键词： Artificial neural network human-human interaction humanobject interaction k-ary tree hashing machine learning

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